Joint loss function design in diffractive optical neural network classifiers for high power efficiency.

The high speed, wide bandwidth, and parallel processing capabilities of a diffractive optical neural network (DONN) stimulate its applications in computer vision for image recognition and information processing tasks. This paper presents a joint loss function (J-SCE) that combines classification performance and diffractive power efficiency, thereby improving the power efficiency of the DONN classifier from 0.92% to 12.

Silencing circRNA-ZFAND6 induces trophoblast apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial pathway through the miR-575/SOD2 axis in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Background: Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a major problem in the field of human reproductive health. At present, several circRNAs have been reported to be differentially expressed and play an important biological function in pregnancy-related diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in URSA remains unclear.

A capillary electrophoresis-based assay for carrier screening of the hotspot mutations in the gene.

Molecular genetic analysis of the cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2 () gene is challenging owing to the highly homologous with its pseudogene. A reliable approach for the large-scale population screening of is required. This study aimed to establish and evaluate a capillary electrophoresis-based assay for hotspot mutation carrier screening of the gene.

Effectiveness and pregnancy outcomes of ultrasound-indicated and physical examination-indicated cervical cerclage: a retrospective study from a single centre.

Objective: Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and cervical incompetence (CIC) is a significant contribution. Cervical cerclage (CC) is an effective obstetric intervention. However, many clinical factors affect the success rate of surgery.

Infant Exposure to PCBs and PBDEs Revealed by Hair and Human Milk Analysis: Evaluation of Hair as an Alternative Biomatrix.

Human hair, as an emerging biological monitoring matrix, has begun to be used in various human exposure studies, but little research has been done on persistent organic pollutants (POPs), especially for the body burden of POPs in infants. In this study, 36 breast-fed infants in Shanghai were recruited for a study to determine their exposure to POPs, including 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), 6 indicator PCBs, and 8 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the inner layer (internal) and outer layer (external) of infant hair and human milk. The similarity or difference of the POP distribution pattern or concentration among these matrices was investigated, and only weak correlations ( < 0.

A plasmon modulator by directly controlling the couple of photon and electron.

The manipulation of surface plasmon polaritons plays a pivotal role in plasmonic science and technology, however, the modulation efficiency of the traditional method suffers from the weak light-matter interaction. Herein, we propose a new method to overcome this obstacle by directly controlling the couple of photon and electron. In this paper, a hybrid graphene-dielectric- interdigital electrode structure is numerically and experimentally investigated.

Predicting the multi-label protein subcellular localization through multi-information fusion and MLSI dimensionality reduction based on MLFE classifier.

Motivation: Multi-label (ML) protein subcellular localization (SCL) is an indispensable way to study protein function. It can locate a certain protein (such as the human transmembrane protein that promotes the invasion of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) or expression product at a specific location in a cell, which can provide a reference for clinical treatment of diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Results: The article proposes a novel method named ML-locMLFE.

Prediction of protein ubiquitination sites via multi-view features based on eXtreme gradient boosting classifier.

Ubiquitination is a common and reversible post-translational protein modification that regulates apoptosis and plays an important role in protein degradation and cell diseases. However, experimental identification of protein ubiquitination sites is usually time-consuming and labor-intensive, so it is necessary to establish effective predictors. In this study, we propose a ubiquitination sites prediction method based on multi-view features, namely UbiSite-XGBoost.

Accurate prediction of multi-label protein subcellular localization through multi-view feature learning with RBRL classifier.

Multi-label proteins can participate in carrier transportation, enzyme catalysis, hormone regulation and other life activities. Meanwhile, they play a key role in the fields of biopharmaceuticals, gene and cell therapy. This article proposes a prediction method called Mps-mvRBRL to predict the subcellular localization (SCL) of multi-label protein.

Exposure and health risk assessment of secondary contaminants closely related to brominated flame retardants (BFRs): Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in human milk in shanghai.

Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), as the secondary environmental pollutants of the widely used brominated flame retardants (BFRs), possess the similar physicochemical and toxic properties as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). However, studies on human body exposure to them are extremely limited. In this study, forty human milk samples collected in Shanghai were measured for 13 PBDD/F congeners using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS), to investigate their exposure level and characteristics, potential source and corresponding health risks to breastfed infants.

Multi-Sacrificial Bonds Enhanced Double Network Hydrogel with High Toughness, Resilience, Damping, and Notch-Insensitivity.

The engineering applications of hydrogels are generally limited by the common problem of their softness and brittlness. In this study, a composite double network ionic hydrogel (CDN-gel) was obtained by the facile visible light triggered polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and hydrolyzed triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) and subsequent salt impregnation. The resulting CDN-gels exhibited high toughness, recovery ability, and notch-insensitivity.

Strain-Sensitive Performance of a Tough and Ink-Writable Polyacrylic Acid Ionic Gel Crosslinked by Carboxymethyl Cellulose.

A tough polyacrylic acid ionic gel is obtained using carboxymethyl cellulose as a crosslinker and KCl as a conductive ions donor. The polymerization process is initiated by ceric ammonium nitrate and triggered by visible light, which can be employed as a facile 3D printing process to fabricate arbitrary gel architectures. Curling macromolecular crosslinker and plentiful hydrogen bonds among polymers endow the ionic gel with superior mechanical performance including high tensile strength (≈1.

Preparation and properties of a coated slow-release and water-retention biuret phosphoramide fertilizer with superabsorbent.

In this investigation, a novel water-insoluble slow-release fertilizer, biuret polyphosphoramide (BPAM), was formulated and synthesized from urea, phosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)), and ferric oxide (Fe(2)O(3)). The structure of BPAM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Subsequently, a coated slow-release BPAM fertilizer with superabsorbent was prepared by ionic cross-linked carboxymethylchitosan (the core), acrylic acid, acrylamide, and active carbon (the coating).

[Determination of active components in Radix astragali and its medicinal preparations by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection].

A simple, fast, and reliable method based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection (CE-ED) was developed for the separation and determination of rutin, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin and caffeic acid in Radix Astragali and its medicinal preparations. The effects of several important factors, such as detection potential, pH, running buffer concentration, separation voltage and injection time, were investigated to acquire the optimum conditions. Under the optimum conditions, the analytes could be separated within 17 min in a 75 cm length capillary at a separation voltage of 18 kV in a 10 mmol/L borate buffer (pH 8.

Preparation of oxidized sodium alginate-graft-poly((2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) gel beads and in vitro controlled release behavior of BSA.

Graft copolymerization of amino group-terminated poly((2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA-NH2) onto oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) was reacted without using a catalyst. The structure of the graft was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The OSA-g-PDMAEMA gel beads were prepared by dropping the aqueous solution of the graft copolymer into CaCl2 aqueous solution.

MMTCA recognition by molecular imprinting in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol).

A novel IPN hydrogel designed to recognize MMTCA is prepared by applying the molecular-imprinting method. The IPN is characterized by FT-IR, DSC, and SEM. Langmuir analysis shows that an equal class of adsorption is formed in the hydrogel.

[Determination of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid residues in foods using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry].

A method for the determination of glyphosate (PMG) and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) residues in plant products, such as rice, wheat, vegetables, fruits and tea, pig and chicken muscles, aquatic products, chestnut, honey, etc., was developed using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). In this method, PMG and AMPA were extracted with water from samples, defatted using an extraction step with dichloromethane, and purified using a cation-exchange (CAX) solid phase extraction cartridge.

Preparation of ionic-crosslinked chitosan-based gel beads and effect of reaction conditions on drug release behaviors.

Drug-loaded chitosan (CS) beads were prepared under simple and mild condition using trisodium citrate as ionic crosslinker. The beads were further coated with poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) by dipping the beads in PMAA aqueous solution. The surface and cross-section morphology of these beads were observed by scanning electron microscopy and the observation showed that the coating beads had core-shell structure.

Preparation, characterization and controlled release investigation of interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(acrylic acid)/triazole modified poly(vinyl alcohol).

A series of interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/triazole modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (TMIPNs) were synthesized by radical polymerization in methanol at room temperature with l-ascorbic acid (Vc) and peroxide hydrogen (H2O2) as initiators and trihydroxymethyl propane glycidol ether (6360) as a crosslinker. The structures of the gels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The swelling/deswelling behavior of hydrogels was studied in different pH and different concentrations of NaCl aqueous solutions.