Transcriptome analysis reveals biocontrol mechanisms of Acremonium sclerotigenum against Podosphaera xanthii in cucumber.

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an economically important crop, but its production is severely threatened by Podosphaera xanthii, the causal agent of powdery mildew, significantly reduces yield and quality. This study evaluates the potential of Acremonium sclerotigenum as a biocontrol agent against P. xanthii in cucumber.

METTL3 overexpression and ATF6 silencing-induced Inhibition in HAS2 expression relieves PDGF-BB stimulation-induced HA production and the proliferation of human orbital fibroblasts in graves' ophthalmopathy.

Background: Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), a common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, is characterized by inflammation and tissue remodeling in the orbit. Hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) plays a pivotal role in hyaluronan (HA) production, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of GO. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of HAS2 could provide novel therapeutic targets for managing this debilitating condition.

Pseudolaric Acid B Alleviates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Targeting PPARα to Regulate Lipid Metabolism and Promote Mitochondrial Biogenesis.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potential of pseudolaric acid B (PAB) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n=32) were fed either a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. The HFD mice were divided into 3 groups according to a simple random method, including HFD, PAB low-dose [10 mg/(kg·d), PAB-L], and PAB high-dose [20 mg/(kg·d), PAB-H] groups.

Discover hidden taxa of section fungi (Ascomycota, Erysiphaceae) based on morphology and multilocus phylogeny in China.

Erysiphesect.Erysiphe, a taxonomically significant group within the genus , is distinguished from other sections by its mycelioid chasmothecial appendages. While approximately half of the known species in this section occur in China, our preliminary assessments suggest that a substantial number of cryptic taxa remain undetected.

Discovery of baicalein derivatives as novel covalent inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 M: Structure-activity relationships and inhibitory mechanisms.

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) has been validated as a promising target for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. This work aims to explore the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of flavonoids as M inhibitors, and to develop more potent M inhibitors. Firstly, the anti-M activity of 109 natural flavonoids were evaluated, identifying baicalein as a potent lead compound.

A patent review of CYP3A4 inhibitors (2018 - present).

Introduction: Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), one of the most important xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, plays a central role in drug metabolism and acts as a key mediator in drug-drug interactions. CYP3A4 inhibitors can potentiate the therapeutic effects of CYP3A4-substrate drugs via enhancing their systematic exposure levels. Two CYP3A4 inhibitors (ritonavir and cobicistat) have already been approved for modulating the exposure levels of CYP3A4-substrate drugs.

Yield increment and transcriptome response caused by blue light treatment in Hericium coralloides.

Background: Hericium coralloides is a traditional edible and medicinal mushroom. Light is a key factor in forming fruiting bodies of fungi; however, the effects of different light on the yield and morphogenesis of H. coralloides are still unknown.

UGT1A1 and BLVRA allele and genotype variants in neonatal patients with hyperbilirubinemia in southern China.

We explore the allele and genotype distribution of UGT1A1 and BLVRA variants in individuals affected by neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in southern China. Blood specimens were collected from 240 neonates: 126 cases of hyperbilirubinemia and 114 healthy controls. Serum levels of total protein, albumin, bilirubin (total and direct), urea nitrogen, creatinine, and other biochemical parameters were quantified using a biochemical analyzer.

Auricularia auricula polysaccharide alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury in mice involving remodeling of the gut bacteriome, mycobiome, and metabolome.

In this study, a novel polysaccharide (AHP) from Auricularia auricula was isolated and purified, showing protective effects against CTX-induced liver injury in mice. To study the action mechanism of AHP, a liver injury model was established by intraperitoneally injection 80 mg/kg of CTX for 3 consecutive days. The focus was on how AHP regulated the gut bacteriome and mycobiome to help alleviate metabolic disorders associated with liver injury.

sp. nov., a new powdery mildew from China.

A powdery mildew was found on () in China. Phylogenetic analyses using a combination of internal transcribed spacer and 28S rDNA sequences showed that this species, which clusters as sister to , is allied to , , and . This species differs from the closely allied in the number and size of asci (3-10 asci, 55-75 × 20-40 µm versus 16-32 asci, 40-60 × 20-30 µm).

NLRP3 knockout in mice provided protection against Serratia marcescens-induced acute pneumonia by decreasing PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in macrophages.

Antibiotic-resistant Serratia marcescens (Sm) is known to cause bloodstream infections, pneumonia, etc. The nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), has been implicated in various lung infections. Yet, its role in Sm-induced pneumonia was not well understood.

Use of Transcriptomics to Reveal the Joint Immunotoxicity Mechanism Initiated by Difenoconazole and Chlorothalonil in the Human Jurkat T-Cell Line.

It is very important to evaluate the immunotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of pesticides. In this study, difenoconazole and chlorothalonil were evaluated for immunotoxicity by using the human Jurkat T-cell line, and the EC were 24.66 and 1.

CircTAOK1 regulates high glucose induced inflammation, oxidative stress, ECM accumulation, and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy via targeting miR-142-3p/SOX6 axis.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication caused by diabetes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of RNA with a closed circular structure, which has high stability and is involved in many disease-related processes. The mechanism of circRNA TAO kinase 1 (circTAOK1) in the pathogenesis and development of DN is unclear.

Urinary orosomucoid and retinol binding protein levels as early diagnostic markers for diabetic kidney Disease.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, which has been a major cause of end-stage renal failure. Diagnosing diabetic kidney disease is important to prevent long-term kidney damage and determine the prognosis of patients with diabetes. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of combined detection of urine orosomucoid and retinol-binding protein for early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease.

Circ_0068087 knockdown attenuates high-glucose-induced human tubular epithelial cell injury in a microribonucleic acid/progestin and adipoQ receptor 3-dependent manner in diabetic nephropathy.

Aims/introduction: Previous studies have shown that circular ribonucleic acid mediates the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to analyze the effects of circ_0068087 on high-glucose (HG)-induced human kidney 2 (HK2) cell dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Circ_0068087, miR-580-3p, and progestin and adipoQ receptor 3 (PAQR3) expression were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

sp. nov., a new powdery mildew species on , belonging to the clade.

Powdery mildew was found on () in Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province, China. This fungus is characterized by having long conidiophore foot-cells which are straight or curved at the base, and chasmothecia with numerous appendages. Phylogenetic analysis using internal transcribed spacer sequences showed that five sequences on determined in this study and two sequences retrieved from sp.

The asexual morph and molecular phylogeny of endemic on .

is a powdery mildew species (, tribe ) so far only known from its type material collected in China on in 1992, which only comprised the sexual morph. Two asexual morph samples were observed, one was collected on . on the campus of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China, and another one, on , was borrowed from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Phylogeny and taxonomy of (s. lat.) revisited.

Phylogenetic and morphological analyses have been conducted on powdery mildew specimens on different and spp. from Asia, Europe and North America. The present study showed that collections of exhibit a high degree of morphological plasticity of the sexual morph, in contrast to their morphologically, rather uniform, asexual morph.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis to Investigate the Immunotoxicity Mechanism Triggered by Dimethomorph on Human Jurkat T Cell Lines.

Dimethomorph (DMM) is a broad-spectrum fungicide used globally in agricultural production, but little is known regarding the immunotoxicity of DMM in humans. In this study, the immunotoxicity of DMM on human Jurkat T cells was evaluated in vitro. The results indicated that the half-effective concentration (EC) of DMM for Jurkat cells was 126.

m6A-related metabolism molecular classification with distinct prognosis and immunotherapy response in soft tissue sarcoma.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, one of the most crucial RNA modifications, has been proven to play a key role that affect prognosis of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). However, m6A methylation potential role in STS metabolic processes remains unknown. We comprehensively estimated the m6A metabolic molecular subtypes and corresponding survival, immunity, genomic and stemness characteristics based on 568 STS samples and m6A related metabolic pathways.

High-throughput DNA methylation analysis in ITP confirms NOTCH1 hypermethylation through the Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation pathways.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a prevalent autoimmune disease with a complex aetiology where DNA methylation changes are becoming triggers.

Method: To investigate novel abnormally methylated genes in the pathogenesis of ITP, we performed a high-throughput methylation analysis on 21 ITP patients and 9 normal control samples. We analysed the extent of key methylated genes and their downstream cytokines through Luminex assay or qRT-PCR.

Fungal-Bacterial Networks in the Habitat of SongRong () and Driving Factors of Their Distribution Rules.

Soil origin, mycorrhizal plant partners and environmental factors affect the growth and development of SongRong (). In order to clarify the relationships of fungi-bacteria networks and various influence factors in the habitat of SongRong, we chose three collection sites with a pure forest (plot A without SongRong was used as the control sample site), mixed (plot B) and mixed with and (plot C). By using high-throughput sequencing, we obtained a total of 4930 fungal and 55501 bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) based on internally transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA (ITS rRNA) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing via the Illumina NovaSeq platform.

Eosinophilia complicated with venous thromboembolism: A case report.

Background: Eosinophilia is an increase of more than 0.5 × 10/L in the number of eosinophils; it is a systemic condition with an unknown etiology and is often accompanied by multiple impaired organ functions. The clinical manifestations of the disease are highly variable and diverse, rendering identification of the diagnosis challenging; hence, diagnosis and treatment are often delayed.

Response of bacterial community structure to different ecological niches and their functions in Korean pine forests.

A healthy plant microbiome is diverse, taxonomically-structured, and gives its plant host moderate advantages in growth, development, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. The plant microbiome varies with ecological niches and is influenced by variables that are complex and difficult to separate from each other, such as the plant species, soil, and environmental factors. To explore the composition, diversity, and functions of the bacterial community of Korean pine forests, we used high-throughput sequencing to study five areas with different forest ages from June to October 2017 in northeast China.