Electro-Optical Analysis of Carrier Dynamics in Lead-Free CsBiI Perovskite.

In this study, we examined carrier conduction in a CsBiI (CBI) perovskite through a dual-probe approach using both optical and electrical measurements. We observed that the open-circuit voltage and photocurrent with light intensity follow the ∝ and ∝ relationships, attributed to nonradiative recombination losses and trapping of carriers. Excitation power-dependent photoluminescence behavior indicates the influence of the self-trapped exciton (STE) and strong phonon perturbation at high excitation powers in the CBI lattice.

Effects of Emodepside on Single-Channel Properties of Onchocerca volvulus SLO-1A (BK) Potassium Channels.

Background: Control of onchocerciasis (river blindness of humans due to infection with the filarial nematode, ) remains a challenge because of the lack of effective adulticides and vaccines. Emodepside is a broad-spectrum veterinary anthelmintic that has been found to inhibit nematode muscle activity by activating their tetrameric SLO-1K channels. Emodepside has adulticidal activity and is being trialed for onchocerciasis treatment, but the molecular mode of action of emodepside is still being elucidated.

Zn(OTf)-Catalyzed and HFIP-Assisted Synthesis of Benzo[]acridine-6,11-diones via C-H Functionalization of Naphthoquinone.

Azaanthraquinones are known for their wide range of biological activities. Herein, a general protocol that allows us to synthesize a series of azaanthraquinones from naphthoquinone has been developed by a zinc catalyst. Notably, a series of 2-carbonyl-anilines are well tolerated, yielding the final products in moderate to good yields.

Copper-Catalyzed and 1,3-Sulfonyl Migration Enabled Installation of Azaindoles in the Periphery of Aryl Rings: Synthesis of Sulfonylated Pyrrolo[2,3-]quinolines and Investigation of Antimalarial Potency.

Herein, an atom efficient and one-pot protocol, offering a series of sulfonylated pyrrolo[2,3-]quinolines via C-N, C-C, and C-S bond formation, has been developed with an inexpensive copper catalyst. Notably, the reaction proceeds via a double-annulation reaction followed by a 1,3-sulfonyl migration sequence. Moreover, the method is applicable to a broad range of 2-carbonylanilines.

Transition Metal-Based Perovskite Derivatives for Selective CO Photoreduction: Role of Orbital Occupancy.

Transition metals are renowned for their effective catalytic properties. Incorporating transition metals into halide perovskite derivatives is a key strategy for tuning the properties of perovskites to enhance their photocatalytic performance. Understanding the d-orbital occupancy and spin activity of these transition metals in the CO photoreduction process is essential for fully realizing the photocatalytic potential of these materials.

Organic Spacers Modulated Low Dose X-Ray Detection in Hybrid Halide 2D Perovskites: Unveiling Exciton Dynamics.

In this study, we investigate how modulating organic spacers in perovskites influences their X-ray detection performance and reveal the mechanism of low-dose detection with high sensitivity using femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS). Particularly, we employ N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediammonium (TMPDA) and N,N-dimethylphenylene-p-diammonium (DPDA) as organic spacers to synthesize 2D perovskite single crystals (SCs). We find that DPDA-based SCs exhibit reduced interplanar spacing between inorganic layers, leading to increased lattice packing.

Expression of concern: Graphene oxide: an efficient and reusable carbocatalyst for aza-Michael addition of amines to activated alkenes.

Expression of concern for 'Graphene oxide: an efficient and reusable carbocatalyst for aza-Michael addition of amines to activated alkenes' by Sanny Verma , , 2011, , 12673-12675, https://doi.org/10.1039/C1CC15230K.

Enigma of Sustainable CO Conversion to Renewable Fuels and Chemicals Through Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, and Photoelectrocatalysis: Design Strategies and Atomic Level Insights.

Growing global population, escalating energy consumption, and climate change threaten future energy security. Fossil fuel combustion, primarily coal, oil, and natural gas, exacerbates the greenhouse effect driving global warming through CO emissions. To address such issues, research is focused on converting CO into valuable fuels and chemicals, which aims to reduce noxious CO and simultaneously bridge the gap between energy demands and sustainable supply.

Unraveling the intricacies of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein: A comprehensive review.

Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a versatile RNA-binding protein, pivotal in modulating cellular responses to diverse stress stimuli including cold shock, ultraviolet radiation, hypoxia, and infections, with a principal emphasis on cold stress. The temperature range of 32-34 °C is most suitable for CIRP expression. The human CIRP is an 18-21 kDa polypeptide containing 172 amino acids coded by a gene located on chromosome 19p13.

Copper/Zinc-Catalyzed Stitching of 2-Carbonylanilines with Bis(ynamides): Access to Pyrrolo[2,3-]quinolines and Its Photophysical Studies.

Herein, a one-pot desulfonylative protocol enabled by copper(II)/zinc(II) salts to access pyrrolo[2,3-]quinolines in good to excellent yields from 2-carbonylanilines and ynamide-derived buta-1,3-diynes has been reported. Significantly, various 2-carbonylanilines carrying reactive functional groups are well tolerated. Moreover, a gram-scale synthesis and synthetic application highlight the practical utility of the current protocol.

Getting around the roundworms: Identifying knowledge gaps and research priorities for the ascarids.

The ascarids are a large group of parasitic nematodes that infect a wide range of animal species. In humans, they cause neglected diseases of poverty; many animal parasites also cause zoonotic infections in people. Control measures include hygiene and anthelmintic treatments, but they are not always appropriate or effective and this creates a continuing need to search for better ways to reduce the human, welfare and economic costs of these infections.

Discrete symmetries tested at 10 precision using linear polarization of photons from positronium annihilations.

Discrete symmetries play an important role in particle physics with violation of CP connected to the matter-antimatter imbalance in the Universe. We report the most precise test of P, T and CP invariance in decays of ortho-positronium, performed with methodology involving polarization of photons from these decays. Positronium, the simplest bound state of an electron and positron, is of recent interest with discrepancies reported between measured hyperfine energy structure and theory at the level of 10 signaling a need for better understanding of the positronium system at this level.

One-Pot, Tandem Reductive Amination/Alkylation-Cycloamidation for Lactam Synthesis from Keto or Amino Acids.

Monotrifluoroacetoxyborane-amines, prepared by treating borane-amines with trifluoroacetic acid, have been shown to be efficient reagents for a one-pot, tandem reductive amination/alkylation-cycloamidation of keto or amino acids to achieve the synthesis of 5-aryl or 5-methyl pyrrolidin-2-ones and 6-aryl or 6-methyl piperidin-2-ones.

Twofold Heteroannulation Reactions Enabled by Gold(I)/Zinc(II) Catalysts: Synthesis of Amine-Substituted Diaryl[,][1,6]naphthyridines.

A straightforward and atom-economical one-pot protocol catalyzed by gold(I) and zinc(II) for the synthesis of amine-substituted diaryl[,][1,6]naphthyridines from two different aromatic nitriles has been showcased. This dual-catalytic strategy is highly efficient, offering an array of tetracyclic heteroaromatic products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the base can efficiently catalyze the second annulation step, yielding structurally unique thiophene-fused [1,6]naphthyridines in good yields.

Leveraging Zn(II) Catalyst: Synthesis of Amidoquinolines via (3 + 3) Heteroannulation of Aromatic Amines and Ynamides.

Herein, we present a Zn(II)-catalyzed (3 + 3) heteroannulation reaction between aromatic amines and 1,3-diynamides for the synthesis of amidoquinolines. A large number of aromatic amines are well tolerated, furnishing quinoline derivatives in up to excellent yield. Notably, various reactive functional groups have survived under the optimal reaction conditions, highlighting the mildness of the developed protocol.

Nitrogen Atom Transfer Enables the (5+1) Annulation Reaction to Access Aminoisoquinolines.

Herein, a catalytic synthetic transformation offering a series of -NH group-bearing aminoisoquinolines with moderate to good yields has been showcased. Interestingly, the nitrogen atom of the isoquinoline ring is coming from the reaction medium upon metal-assisted C≡N bond cleavage. Moreover, this (5+1) annulation reaction shows broad substrate variation.

Efficiency determination of J-PET: first plastic scintillators-based PET scanner.

Background: The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph is the 3-layer prototype of the first scanner based on plastic scintillators, consisting of 192 half-metre-long strips with readouts at both ends. Compared to crystal-based detectors, plastic scintillators are several times cheaper and could be considered as a more economical alternative to crystal scintillators in future PETs. JPET is also a first multi-photon PET prototype.

Monotrifluoroacetoxyborane-amines: chemoselective reagents for challenging reductive aminations.

Borane-amines undergo exclusive monoacetoxylation to trifluoroacetoxyborane-amines (TFAB-amines), which serve as chemoselective reagents for direct reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. TFABNEt has been established as mild and highly selective compared to widely-used NaBHCN and Na(AcO)BH, even at higher temperatures with challenging substrates. A mechanism involving polyaminoborane formed dehydroacetoxylation of TFABNH has been described.

Cu(II)-catalyzed [4 + 1] and [4 + 3] annulation reactions: a modular approach to -aryl/alkyl substituted 2,5-diamidopyrroles and diazepines.

A one-pot copper-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation reaction of primary amines with ynamide-derived buta-1,3-diynes for the synthesis of 2,5-diamido bearing -aryl/alkyl pyrroles in up to excellent yields has been showcased. A broad range of primary amines having highly reactive functional groups are well tolerated. Notably, sterically demanding aniline and primary aliphatic amines are excellent amine sources.

Nodulisporic acid produces direct activation and positive allosteric modulation of AVR-14B, a glutamate-gated chloride channel from adult .

Glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls) are unique to invertebrates and are targeted by macrocyclic lactones. In this study, we cloned an AVR-14B GluCl subunit from adult , a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis in humans. To elucidate this channel's pharmacological properties, we used oocytes for expression and performed two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology.

Intense isolated attosecond pulses from two-color few-cycle laser driven relativistic surface plasma.

Ultrafast plasma dynamics play a pivotal role in the relativistic high harmonic generation, a phenomenon that can give rise to intense light fields of attosecond duration. Controlling such plasma dynamics holds key to optimize the relevant sub-cycle processes in the high-intensity regime. Here, we demonstrate that the optimal coherent combination of two intense ultrashort pulses centered at two-colors (fundamental frequency, [Formula: see text] and second harmonic, [Formula: see text]) can lead to an optimal shape in relativistic intensity driver field that yields such an extraordinarily sensitive control.

Advances in our understanding of nematode ion channels as potential anthelmintic targets.

Ion channels are specialized multimeric proteins that underlie cell excitability. These channels integrate with a variety of neuromuscular and biological functions. In nematodes, the physiological behaviors including locomotion, navigation, feeding and reproduction, are regulated by these protein entities.

Synergetic copper/zinc catalysis: synthesis of aryl/heteroaryl-fused 1-pyrrolo[3,2-]pyridines.

Scaffolds having a 1-pyrrolo[3,2-]pyridine core show significant biological activity. Herein, we report a synergetic copper/zinc-catalyzed one-step annulation reaction of 2-amino (hetero)arylnitriles with ynamide-derived buta-1,3-diynes to deliver 1-pyrrolo[3,2-]quinoline-2,4-diamine derivatives in moderate to good yields. The annulation reaction follows a double cyclization pathway.

Multipurpose peptides: The venoms of Amazonian stinging ants contain anthelmintic ponericins with diverse predatory and defensive activities.

In the face of increasing drug resistance, the development of new anthelmintics is critical for controlling nematodes that parasitise livestock. Although hymenopteran venom toxins have attracted attention for applications in agriculture and medicine, few studies have explored their potential as anthelmintics. Here we assessed hymenopteran venoms as a possible source of new anthelmintic compounds by screening a panel of ten hymenopteran venoms against Haemonchus contortus, a major pathogenic nematode of ruminants.