Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Comparing IV Lignocaine Infusion Versus IV Magnesium Infusion for Perioperative Outcomes in Reactive Airway Disease Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery.

Introduction: The goal of perioperative management in reactive airway disease (RAD) patients is to ensure optimal airway stability, maintain adequate oxygenation, and reduce the need for mechanical ventilation while minimizing airway irritation and inflammation. Due to the airway hyperresponsiveness and increased risk of respiratory complications in RAD patients, non-opioid adjuncts that provide both bronchodilation and analgesia are preferred. Lignocaine and magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) have emerged as effective agents in this context.

Unexplored gene PHKA1 interplays between glucose metabolism and breast cancer.

Cancer cells often undergo metabolic reprogramming, typically increasing their uptake and utilization of energy sources like glucose, fatty acids, lactate, glutamine, and pyruvate, while maintaining redox balance. Rather than relying on oxidative phosphorylation, cancer cells preferentially engage glycolysis to convert pyruvate into lactate. This metabolic reprogramming correlates with altered glucose metabolism and dysregulated insulin signalling.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy with Jejunal Extension Versus Direct Percutaneous Endoscopic Jejunostomy for Post-pyloric Feeding: A Dual-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Endoscopic procedures for post-pyloric feeding include percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with jejunal extension (PEG-J) and direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (PEJ). We conducted the largest and only dual-center retrospective study comparing outcomes of patients receiving PEG-J vs. PEJ.

To Assess the Predictive and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 and CD8 Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), introduced in 1970 for inoperable tumors, has become the standard treatment approach in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pathological complete response (pCR) following NACT is an important indicator for disease-free survival. An increased number of CD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor center is thought to indicate an effective antitumor-immune response.

Correction: Ultrasound-Guided Suprainguinal Versus Infrainguinal Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Total Knee Replacement: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.84453.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-phenylquinoxaline carbonyl piperazine derivatives as novel FASN inhibitors with anticancer activity.

Overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) has been linked to the advancement of various cancers. FASN caters to the increased demand for lipids within tumor cells, facilitating tumor growth and progression, making it an attractive target for anticancer drug discovery. Herein we report a novel series of 2-phenylquinoxaline-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as novel potent FASN inhibitors with anticancer potential.

Evaluation of Reference Values for the Patellotrochlear Index in the North Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Study.

Background: The patella plays a crucial role in the extensor mechanism of the knee joint, significantly enhancing the efficiency of the quadriceps muscle. The alignment and height of the patella are critical for maintaining knee joint functionality and preventing knee-related disorders. The Patellotrochlear Index (PTI) is a novel measurement method that provides a more accurate assessment of patellar height and its relationship with the femoral trochlea, particularly in the North Indian population.

Unveiling the Evolutionary Lineages and Habitat Dynamics of the Monotypic Crowned River Turtle (Gray, 1831) (Testudines: Geoemydidae): Strategic Conservation Insights for an Endangered Freshwater Turtle From Southern Asia.

The matrilineal evolutionary history and habitat preferences of the monotopic freshwater turtle remain largely unexplored, posing challenges for the development of precise and effective conservation strategies. This study provides the first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of (16,699 bp), encompassing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs, and an AT-rich control region (CR). Most PCGs are initiated by ATG, except for cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (), which uses GTG, with eight PCGs having complete termination codons and five exhibiting incomplete stop codons.

Ultrasound-Guided Suprainguinal Versus Infrainguinal Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Total Knee Replacement: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Background: Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) can be achieved using suprainguinal (SFICB) or infrainguinal (IFICB) approaches. This study compares postoperative analgesia of SFICB and IFICB after total knee replacement (TKR).

Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blind study was conducted on 60 adult patients undergoing unilateral TKR under spinal anesthesia.

Blue and red light significantly aid in the recovery of damaged cells of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

Cyanobacteria are the most promising models for CO sequestration, production of chemicals, and renewal energy. Being photosynthetic organisms, they are continuously exposed to different intensities and wavelengths of light, including ultraviolet radiation (UVR). In the present investigation, we studied photosynthetically active radiation (PAR + UV-A + UV-B (PAB) effects on the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp.

Role of oscillometry to diagnose obstructive airway diseases in patients who are unable to perform spirometry correctly.

Background: Obstructive airway diseases (OAD) are an important contributor to the burden of respiratory diseases in India. The current gold standard to diagnose OAD is spirometry. However, spirometry is a forceful manoeuvre and many patients are unable to perform it as per correct standard acceptable criteria.

Evaluation of Bacterial Profiles and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Orthopedic Patients With Surgical Site Infections After Implant Surgery.

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant concern for surgeons and a leading cause of poor patient outcomes, increased morbidity, extended hospital stay, and higher costs. SSIs are of particular concern in orthopedic implant surgeries because biofilms on implants protect bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate of SSIs in orthopedic implant patients, identify associated risk factors, and analyze the types of bacteria causing these infections.

Effect of Kinesiophobia on Early Functional Outcome Following Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Kinesiophobia, which refers to the fear of physical movement and activity due to vulnerability to injury, has been associated with suboptimal outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to assess the impact of kinesiophobia on early functional outcomes after TKA.

Materials And Methods: A cohort analysis was conducted on 60 participants aged 18 years and older.

Development of Edible Carbohydrate-Protein Sports Gels to Optimize the Muscle Glycogen Re-Synthesis.

This study was aimed at providing athletes a solution to replenish the muscle glycogen re-synthesis at an optimal rate with hemp seeds as a natural protein source and Bengal gram dal and its use for the preparation of gel. The gel contains the richest source of energy, and it is an effective way to provide energy and nutrients to athletes. The gel was prepared in three variations with different hemp seed concentrations.

Multi-objective quantum hybrid evolutionary algorithms for enhancing quality-of-service in internet of things.

In the context of Internet of Things (IoT), optimizing quality of service (QoS) parameters is a critical challenge due to its heterogeneous and resource-constrained nature. This paper proposes a novel quantum-inspired multi-objective optimization algorithm for IoT service management. Traditional multi-objective optimization algorithms often face limitations such as slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima, reducing their effectiveness in complex IoT environments.

Enhancing alopecia areata management: Nanocrystal-driven strategy for targeting hair follicles.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder that disrupts the hair growth cycle, leading to non-scarring hair loss. In AA, hair follicles (HFs) serve as both pathological targets and potential drug delivery sites when treated with optimized topical formulations. This study investigates the follicular targeting efficiency of clobetasol-17-propionate (CP) nanocrystal (CP-NC) suspension, a nanoformulation designed to enhance the efficacy of conventional CP therapies by improving kinetic solubility and creating a steep concentration gradient that promotes passive dermal penetration.

Evaluation of Chlorella vulgaris as sensitive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable biosensor tools for heavy metal monitoring in aquatic ecosystems.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of single-cell microalgae as sensitive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable biosensors for detecting heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. A preliminary investigation compared the sensitivity of Nostoc commune and Chlorella vulgaris to chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). C.

Riverine Realities: Evaluating Climate Change Impacts on Habitat Dynamics of the Critically Endangered Gharial () in the Indian Landscape.

The endemic and critically endangered gharial, experienced a severe population decline in its range. However, conservation efforts, notably through the implementation of "Project Crocodile" in India, have led to a significant recovery of its population. The present study employs an ensemble Species Distribution Model (SDM) to delineate suitable habitats for under current and future climatic scenarios to understand the impact of climate change.

Success of different closure modalities of gastrogastric or jejunal-gastric fistulas after EUS-directed transgastric intervention.

Background And Aims: EUS-directed transgastric intervention (EDGI) involves the creation of a temporary tract between the gastric pouch or proximal jejunum and excluded stomach by deploying a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) between the adjacent lumens. Once the intended intervention is completed, the LAMS is removed. Practices for closure of the resulting gastrogastric or jejunal-gastric fistula vary widely.

Establishing standards of practice for endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: a global expert consensus using a modified Delphi method.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a minimally invasive treatment for obesity with established efficacy and safety. However, procedural techniques vary. In this study, our aim was to develop a standardized ESG approach.

Endoscopic suturing to prevent migration of esophageal fully covered self-expanding metal stents: a randomized controlled trial (with video).

Background And Aims: High migration rates for fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FC-SEMSs) have been reported in the literature. Endoscopic suture fixation has been explored as a mitigation strategy. This study sought to compare rates of migration and other adverse events after esophageal FC-SEMS placement with and without endoscopic suturing.

Artificial Intelligence in Endoscopy Quality Measures.

Quality of gastrointestinal endoscopy is a major determinant of its effectiveness. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance quality monitoring and improve endoscopy outcomes. This article reviews the current literature on AI algorithms that have been developed for endoscopy quality assessment.

Endoscopic closure of esophageal, gastric, jejunal, and rectopelvic fistulas with cardiac septal occluder devices: a case series.

Background And Aims: Treating GI fistulas and anastomotic leaks is a challenge. Traditionally, these adverse events have been treated with conservative measures or surgical interventions, both of which have been associated with high rates of morbidity. Although endoscopic techniques are available and commonly minimally invasive, their success can be variable and oftentimes require repeat interventions.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy: A comparison of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity.

Background: This study compared cardiovascular outcomes associated with metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy in individuals with obesity.

Methods: The TriNetX network was used to compare cardiovascular risk in adult patients with BMI ≥35 who underwent MBS with those who received GLP-1 RA therapy for ≥2 years. Primary outcome was cardiovascular disease (CVD), a composite of incident heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cerebrovascular disease.