LncRNA-miRNA‒mRNA Network in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder that significantly impacts the social functioning of patients and can reduce their life expectancy and quality of life. However, the specific causes of SCZ remain unknown, and the evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in its pathogenesis. Analyzing lncRNA expression in peripheral blood samples from patients could reveal the biological mechanisms underlying the disease and help in the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment.

Whole transcriptome sequencing to uncover CircRNA expression patterns linked to schizophrenia pathogenesis.

Background: No objective diagnostic indicators have been identified for schizophrenia (SCZ) because of the complexity of its pathogenesis. Whole-transcriptome analysis may help identify early diagnostic markers. While circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the onset and development of many diseases, their association with SCZ remains unclear.

Nine undescribed pregnane glycosides from Gymnema sylvestre and their glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation activities.

A phytochemical investigation on the ethyl acetate fraction of Gymnema sylvestre led to the production of nine previously undescribed C steroidal glycosides sylvepregosides F-N (1-9), as well as ten known analogues, prosapogenin (10), 20-O-benzoyl-12-O-cinnamoyl-3β,5α,8β,12β,14β,17β,20-heptahydroxy-(20S)-pregn-6-ene (11), 12-O-cinnamoyl-3β,5α,8β,12β,14β,17β,20-heptahydroxy- (20S)-pregn-6-ene (12), stephanoside K (13), gymnepregoside C (14), gymnepregoside D (15), stephanoside O (16), isokidjoladinin (17), gymsyloside D (18) and gymsyloside C (19). The structures of these isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra with mass spectrometry data. The biological activities screening demonstrated that compounds 1, 3-6, 8-10, 12-14, 17, and 18 promoted glucose uptake by the range of 1.

Crystalline Liquiritigenin and Liquiritin: Structural Characterization, Molecular Docking Studies, and Anti-Amyloid-β Evaluation in .

Two new crystalline compounds, named [LG·HO] (; LG = liquiritigenin) and [LQ·CHOH·HO] (; LQ = liquiritin), have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), and infrared spectra (IR). and crystallize in space groups na2 and 222, respectively. In the structure of , liquiritigenin and water molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds for the construction of a novel 3,5-connected network topology with a point symbol of (6)(6·8), in which each liquiritigenin and water molecule acts as a 5-connected and 3-connected node, respectively.

Investigating the action model of the resistance enhancement induced by bacterial volatile organic compounds against in tomato fruit.

Introduction: Inducing natural resistance against pathogen infection in postharvest tomatoes is a sustainable strategy for reducing postharvest losses. The action model underlying the resistance enhancement of tomatoes induced by bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) against , however, have not been explored.

Methods: In this study, RNA-seq, metabolomics and physiological analysis were used to evaluate global change of defense response induced by VOCs in tomatoes.

Association between the levels of toxic heavy metals and schizophrenia in the population of Guangxi, China: A case-control study.

The relationship between body levels of heavy metals and the risk of schizophrenia remains unclear. This study investigates the relationship between plasma levels of toxic heavy metals and the risk of schizophrenia among adults in Guangxi, China. Plasma concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Association of non-essential metals with Chinese schizophrenia: A case-control study.

Background: The potential link between environmental pollutants, including metals, and schizophrenia development remains debated. This study aimed to explore the association between plasma levels of three non-essential metals-barium (Ba), tungsten (W), and uranium (U)-and schizophrenia risk among Chinese individuals.

Method: We recruited a total of 221 patients and 219 healthy controls.

A composition of ursolic acid derivatives from Ludwigia hyssopifolia induces apoptosis in throat cancer cells via the Akt/mTOR and mitochondrial signaling pathways and by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ludwigia hyssopifolia (LH), an ethnopharmacological herb used in Guangxi Zhuang medicine, is known for its extensive therapeutic use in treating throat disorders. The anti-laryngeal-cancer benefits of the ethyl acetate and petroleum ether fractions of the ethanolic extracts of LH have been shown in our prior cell-based research. Nevertheless, the specific impacts and underlying processes by which LH combats throat cancer effects have not been fully understood.

Japonins A-D, cyathane diterpenoids with neurite outgrowth-promoting activity isolated from Onychium japonicum using NMR and MS/MS-based molecular networking.

Guided by MS/MS-based molecular networking strategy, four new cyathane diterpenoids japonin A-D (1-4), together with the known analogues (5 and 6), have been isolated from aerial parts of Onychium japonicum. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated through a combination of NMR and MS experiments. Through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and comparison of experimental and calculated computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, the absolute configurations of compounds 1-4 were determined.

Metabolomics analysis reveals the differences between Abrus cantoniensis Hance and Abrus mollis Hance.

Background: Abrus cantoniensis Hance. (Ac) and Abrus mollis (Am), two edible and medicinal plants with economic value in southern China, belong to the Abrus genus. Due to its growth characteristics, Am often replaces Ac in folk medicine.

Triterpenoid saponins and C steroidal glycosides from and their glucose uptake activities.

Four new triterpenoid saponins, tigensides A-D (1-4), and one new C steroid, tipregnane A(9), together with six known compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of the roots and stems of . The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined based on their spectroscopic data, including IR, UV, NMR, and mass spectrometric analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time.

Design and Synthesis of Acridine-Triazole and Acridine-Thiadiazole Derivatives and Their Inhibitory Effect against Cancer Cells.

We report herein the design and synthesis of a series of novel acridine-triazole and acridine-thiadiazole derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds and the key intermediates were all evaluated for their antitumor activities against human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF), human gastric cancer cells-803 (MGC-803), hepatocellular carcinoma bel-7404 (BEL-7404), large cell lung cancer cells (NCI-H460), and bladder cancer cells (T24). Most of the compounds exhibited high levels of antitumor activity against MGC-803 and T24 but low toxicity against human normal liver cells (LO2), and their effect was even better than the commercial anticancer drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cis-platinum.

Identification of C Steroidal Glycosides from (Retz.) and Evaluation of Their Glucose Uptake Activities.

(Retz.) Schult is a multi-purpose traditional medicine that has long been used for the treatment of various diseases. To discover the potential bioactive composition of , a chemical investigation was thus performed.

A pair of new isocoumarin enantiomers of .

A pair of new isocoumarin derivative enantiomers, ()-(-)-3-(3,3-dichloro-2-hydroxy-propyl)-4-chlorine-6,8-dihydroxy-isochromen-1- one () and ()-(+)-3-(3,3-dichloro-2-hydroxy-propyl)-4-chlorine-6,8-dihydroxy-isochromen-1- one (), as well as seven known compounds (-) were isolated from . Compounds and were confirmed to be a pair of enantiomers by chiral HPLC-CD analysis, and the structure of compound was determined by spectroscopic analyses including extensive 1 D (H NMR, C NMR) and 2 D NMR spectra (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and MS data. And the absolute configurations of compounds and were determined by the quantum chemical ECD calculations.

Ganocapenoids A-D: Four new aromatic meroterpenoids from Ganoderma capense.

Four new aromatic meroterpenoids, ganocapenoids A-D (1-4), together with twelve known analogues (5-16) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma capense. The structures of new compounds were determined through spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR and MS analyses. Their absolute configurations were assigned by ECD calculations and specific rotation comparison.

[Study on Chemical Composition of Phyllanthus emblica].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus emblica.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, polyamide and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical proper- ties and spectral analysis.

[Study on the chemical constituents of Viscum ovalifolium].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Viscum ovalifolium.

Methods: The chemical constituents from Viscum ovalifolium were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography and recrystallization methods. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.

[Study on the chemical constituents of Uvaria microcarpa].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Uvaria microcarpa.

Methods: The constituents were repeatedly separated and purified with silica gel column and Sephadex LH-20 column, and identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral methods.

Results: Nine compounds were separated and identified as beta-sitosterol palmitate (I), euphorginol (II), beta-sitosterol (III), benzoic acid(IV), stigmasterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (V), taraxerol (VI), emodin (VII), aristololactam A II (VI), beta-daucosterol (IX) .

[Research on chemical constituents from stem of Gymnema sylvestre].

Objective: To study on the chemical constituents from the stem of Gymnema sylvestre.

Methods: The constituents were extracted by percolation with ethanol. Then the extract was separated by systemic solvent separation methods.

[Study on extraction technology of soyasaponins from residual of bean ware].

Objective: To find out the optimum extraction technology of soyasaponins from residual of bean ware.

Methods: The optimum extraction conditions were investigated by the orthogonal design, and the content of soyasaponins was determined by UV-spectro-pho-tometry.

Results: The optimum extraction technology was A3B1C1, that is adding 7 times and 6 times amount of 70% alcohol and refluxing for two times and each time for 1.