High Conversion of Value-Added Lactulose from Lactose-Rich Dairy Waste by Cascade Cell Factory.

Lactulose, a nondigestible disaccharide, is widely recognized for its significant health-promoting effects. The drawbacks of traditional chemical catalysis, e.g.

Comparing phenotypic manifolds with Kompot: Detecting differential abundance and gene expression at single-cell resolution.

Kompot is a statistical framework for holistic comparison of multi-condition single-cell datasets, supporting both differential abundance and differential expression. Differential abundance captures changes in how cells populate the phenotypic manifold across conditions, while differential expression identifies condition-specific changes in gene regulation that may be localized to particular regions of that manifold. Kompot models the distribution of cells and gene expression as continuous functions over a low-dimensional representation of cell states, enabling single-cell resolution inference with calibrated uncertainty estimates.

Mechanism of action of pulsed electric field on lactoferrin: Functional properties, structure and aggregation behavior.

Conventional heat treatment is the primary process causing loss of lactoferrin (LF) in dairy processing. To enhance the retention of LF and improve its functional properties, the study aimed to provide new insights into the functional properties, structure and aggregation behavior of LF under the action of pulsed electric field (PEF) with different electric field intensity (10-45 kV/cm). The results demonstrate that under appropriate electric field intensity, the LF structure can be moderately unfolded, leading to the iron-binding capacity can be increased to over 140 %, a rise in thermal stability by 1-2 °C, and enhancements in foaming and emulsification abilities to 133.

High-Throughput Screening and Directed Evolution of β-1,3--Acetylglucosaminyltransferase for Enhanced LNnT Production in Engineered .

Lacto--triose II (LNTII), lacto--tetraose (LNT), and lacto--neotetraose (LNnT) are key neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) with significant physiological functions. In cell factory-based synthesis, glycosyltransferases are rate-limiting enzymes, enhancing the activity of which is, therefore, crucial for efficient synthesis of HMOs. To address this issue, we developed a high-throughput screening method based on a UDP-glucose regeneration-coupled colorimetric reaction.

Development of boronate affinity adsorbent bearing -B(OH) and F groups with low pK value for enhanced production and purification of lactulose through adsorption-assisted bio-isomerization of lactose.

In this study, a boronate affinity material (FA-5) with a low pK value was prepared to facilitate lactulose production. At physiological pH, 58.23 % of the B atoms in FA-5 existed in an sp hybridization state, and FA-5 demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity (94.

Ultrasound and lactic/malic acid treatment for mitten crab decontamination: Efficacy and mechanisms against A. hydrophila.

The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), recognized as a high-value aquatic product, necessitates effective cleaning to ensure both safety and quality. Conventional cleaning methods frequently fail to eliminate biofilms and pathogenic bacteria, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, which pose significant health risks and contribute to spoilage. This study explores the bactericidal efficacy and underlying mechanisms of ultrasound treatment combined with a lactic acid and malic acid complex solution for decontaminating crabs and enhancing food safety.

Next-generation photodynamic antimicrobial materials made by direct synthesis of functional bacterial cellulose.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) regularly uses chemical or physical modifications to produce antimicrobial wound dressings. However, there is a risk of loss of functional components during application. Moreover, a significant hurdle lies in successfully integrating durable and highly effective bactericidal entities with BC.

Multiple Regulatory Mechanisms Synergistically Control the Soluble Expression of CE for Enhanced Enzymatic Productivity of Lactulose in .

The limited expression of cellobiose 2-epimerase poses a significant constraint on the industrial enzymatic production of lactulose. Extensive modifications to the expression cassette offer a means to enhance the yield of recombinant proteins. In this study, an integrated strategy, combining individual and collaborative approaches, is proposed to fine-tune each stage of the CE overexpression program.

[Recent advances in metabolic engineering of microorganisms for production of tyrosol and its derivatives].

Tyrosol is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities, serving as an important precursor of high-value products such as hydroxytyrosol and salidroside. Therefore, the green and efficient biosynthesis of tyrosol and its derivatives has become a research hotspot in recent years. Building cell factories by metabolic engineering of microorganisms is a potential industrial production way, which has low costs and environmental friendliness.

Inverse metabolic engineering based on metabonomics for efficient production of hydroxytyrosol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Metabolic engineering provides a powerful approach to efficiently produce valuable compounds, with the aid of emerging gene editing tools and diverse metabolic regulation strategies. However, apart from the current known biochemical pathway information, a variety of unclear constraints commonly limited the optimization space of cell phenotype. Hydroxytyrosol is an important phenolic compound that serves various industries with prominent health-beneficial properties.

Molecular insights into FucR transcription factor to control the metabolism of -fucose in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis.

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis commonly colonizes the human gut and is capable of metabolizing fucose, which is abundant in the gut. Multiple studies have focused on the mechanisms of -fucose utilization by B.

A nomogram for predicting the possibility of effusion deterioration in patients with traumatic subdural effusion.

Background: Traumatic subdural effusion (TSDE) may increase progressively or evolve into chronic subdural hematoma. These events, defined as deterioration of the effusion, often require close observation or even surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the possibility of an effusion deteriorating in patients with TSDE based on the available clinical characteristics.

Curative effect analysis of robot-assisted drainage surgery in treatment of spontaneous hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage.

Objective: Spontaneous hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage (HBSH) is characterized by sudden onset, rapid progression and poor prognosis. There has been a growing tendency of surgical treatment for HBSH. This study aimed to investigate outcomes and potential factors associated with the prognosis of robot-assisted drainage surgery for HBSH treatment.

Brain region changes following a spinal cord injury.

Brain-related complications are common in clinical practice after spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the molecular mechanisms of these complications are still unclear. Here, we reviewed the changes in the brain regions caused by SCI from three perspectives: imaging, molecular analysis, and electrophysiology. Imaging studies revealed abnormal functional connectivity, gray matter volume atrophy, and metabolic abnormalities in brain regions after SCI, leading to changes in the structure and function of brain regions.

Highly efficient production and simultaneous purification of d-tagatose through one-pot extraction-assisted isomerization of d-galactose.

A one-pot extraction-assisted d-galactose-to-d-tagatose isomerization strategy was proposed based on the selective extraction of d-tagatose by phenylborate anions. 4-Vinylphenylboronic acid was selected with high extraction efficiency and selectivity towards d-tagatose. The extracted sugars could be desorbed through a two-staged stripping process with the purity of d-tagatose significantly increased.

Acid-induced conformation regulation of peanut polysaccharide and its effect on stability and digestibility of oil-in-water emulsion.

Background: Developing the stable and healthy emulsion-based food is in accord with the needs of people for health. In the present study, acidification at pH 3.0 of peanut polysaccharide (APPSI) was employed to regulate its conformation and further improve its advantages in preparing oil-in-water emulsion.

Exploration of the common pathogenic link between COVID-19 and diabetic foot ulcers: An in silico approach.

Background And Aims: The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is posing an ongoing threat to human health. Patients of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) are susceptible to COVID-19-induced adverse outcomes. Nevertheless, investigations into their mutual molecular mechanisms have been limited to date.

A precise swaying map for how promiscuous cellobiose-2-epimerase operate bi-reaction.

Promiscuous enzymes play a crucial role in organism survival and new reaction mining. However, comprehensive mapping of the catalytic and regulatory mechanisms hasn't been well studied due to the characteristic complexity. The cellobiose 2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus (CsCE) with complex epimerization and isomerization was chosen to comprehensively investigate the promiscuous mechanisms.

Production of high-purity lactulose via an integrated one-pot boronate affinity adsorbent based adsorption-assisted isomerization and simultaneous purification.

High-purity lactulose is mandatory for its medical uses and food applications. This work developed an efficient lab-scale strategy for the synthesis of high-purity lactulose by combining lactose-to-lactulose isomerization with simultaneous recovery of lactulose, which was conducted concurrently and semi-continuously in a boronate affinity adsorbent-packed column. The first step covers the boronate affinity adsorbent-based adsorption-assisted lactose-to-lactulose isomerization.

Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in glioblastoma.

The pathogenesis and progression of GBM (glioblastoma), as one of the most frequently occurring malignancies of the central nervous system, are regulated by several genes. BUB1 (budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1) is a mitotic checkpoint that plays an important role in chromosome segregation as well as in various tumors. However, its role in glioma is unknown.

Highly efficient isolation and purification of high-purity tea saponins from industrial camellia oil production by porous polymeric adsorbents.

Background: Recovery of high-purity tea saponin (TS), a promising non-ionic surfactant with well-documented properties, is one of the major challenges to broadening its industrial applications. In this study, an innovative and sustainable strategy for the highly-efficient purification of TS was developed by using well-designed highly-porous polymeric adsorbents.

Results: The prepared Pp-A with controllable macropores (~96 nm) and appropriate surface hydrophobic properties was found more favorable for achieving high adsorption efficiency towards TS/TS-micelles.

Human atlastin-3 is a constitutive ER membrane fusion catalyst.

Homotypic membrane fusion catalyzed by the atlastin (ATL) GTPase sustains the branched endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network in metazoans. Our recent discovery that two of the three human ATL paralogs (ATL1/2) are C-terminally autoinhibited implied that relief of autoinhibition would be integral to the ATL fusion mechanism. An alternative hypothesis is that the third paralog ATL3 promotes constitutive ER fusion with relief of ATL1/2 autoinhibition used conditionally.

A clinical case report of Balamuthia granulomatous amoebic encephalitis in a non-immunocompromised patient and literature review.

Background: Balamuthia granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) is a peculiar parasitic infectious disease of the central nervous system, about 39% of the infected Balamuthia GAE patients were found to be immunocompromised and is extremely rare clinically. The presence of trophozoites in diseased tissue is an important basis for pathological diagnosis of GAE. Balamuthia GAE is a rare and highly fatal infection for which there is no effective treatment plan in clinical practice.

Functional bacterial cellulose nanofibrils with silver nanoparticles and its antibacterial application.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) with good biocompatibility and superior mechanical properties has broad applications. BC functionalized with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been assessed as an antimicrobial membrane for wound-healing treatment. During the AgNPs synthesis, avoiding the use of toxic chemicals is very necessary for the development of environmentally friendly procedures.