Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the sigma-1 receptor antagonist PB28 against coronaviruses.

The continuous evolution of coronaviruses poses persistent and severe threats to both human and animal health. While α- and β-coronaviruses mainly infect mammals, including humans, γ-coronaviruses predominantly infect poultry, causing substantial economic losses. Their rapid mutation rates and wide host tropism underscore the urgent demand for pan-coronavirus therapeutics.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Posterior Chamber Phakic Refractive Lens Implantation for Correction of Super-High Myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability of phakic refractive lens (PRL) implantation for the correction of super-high myopia.

Methods: This four-center prospective clinical study included 30 eyes from 16 myopic patients who underwent PRL implantation. The patients were followed up for one year, with evaluations of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), vault, endothelial cell density (ECD), and axial length.

An activatable polymeric nano-spy for reversing the progression of diabetic osteoporosis.

Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP), a grievous complication of diabetes mellitus, is marked by accelerated bone loss and heightened fracture susceptibility, thereby necessitating early detection and therapeutic intervention. To address this unmet clinical need, we herein report a polymeric nano-spy (RAFP NP) that can activate its near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and release therapeutic drug in response to specific early-stage stimuli within the DOP environment for the diagnosis and treatment of DOP. RAFP NPs are self-assembled from an integrin-targeted and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive amphiphilic copolymer (PLGA-TK-cRGD) that encapsulates the near-infrared fluorochrome Cy5 and the anti-ferroptosis drug Fer-1.

Phase transition modulated fiber-shaped random lasers.

A flexible random laser with switchable modes and directional emission will advance the application of random lasers in high-quality light sources and photonic integration. In this paper, a fiber-shaped random laser based on phase transition hydrogel is proposed. The change of phase states in hydrogel affects the light scattering and optical feedback path, enabling the reversible switching of lasing mode between incoherent and coherent random lasing.

Single-cell sequencing uncovers disrupted stromal-macrophage communication as a driver of intrauterine adhesion progression.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA), characterized by endometrial fibrosis, pose a serious threat to women's reproductive health, yet their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile 139,395 single cells from nine individuals in the proliferative phase. We identify seven stromal and five macrophage subsets, revealing increased immune cell infiltration and a profibrotic shift in macrophage states.

Click Covalent-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy for Prostate Cancer.

Targeted radionuclide therapy represents a promising therapeutic method for treating cancer. However, currently approved radioligands still require improvement in terms of tumor uptake and retention. This study employed molecular simulation to design a novel radioligand, designated PSMA-MAL-5, which covalently binds to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).

Production of live monkeys and their genetically matched embryonic stem cells from single embryos.

Immune rejection poses a challenge in stem cell therapy, especially with allogeneic embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Non-human primates offer a promising avenue for developing genetically matched ESCs for regenerative medicine. Here, we successfully derive three live monkeys and their genetically matched autologous ESCs (aESCs) using embryo splitting.

Regioselective C─H Functionalization by the Combination of Enzymatic and Chemocatalytic Reactions in Water.

The combination of bio- and chemo-catalytic processes has tremendous potential for the sustainable production of important synthetic building blocks. Such approaches capitalize on the often-high selectivity of enzymes and the broad arsenal of synthetic transformations to access highly functionalized molecules from simple precursors. However, the strict requirement of enzymes for an aqueous reaction environment, often combined with their lack of stability under harsh reaction conditions, makes the development of efficient chemo-enzymatic cascade reactions challenging.

Radionuclide-Labeled Biomaterials: A Novel Strategy for Tumor-Targeted Therapy.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in radionuclide-labeled biomaterials for cancer therapy, with a particular focus on the characteristics, production methods, and labeling techniques of α-particle, β-particle, and Auger electron-based radiotherapy. It explores innovative strategies for targeted delivery systems and highlights the advantages of theranostics and combination therapies. The application of radionuclide-labeled biomaterials in various cancer types, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, gliomas, and melanoma, is systematically summarized.

Electronegative Co-WO Interface with Li Pump Effects for Efficient Polysulfide Conversion in High-Performance Li-Sulfur Batteries.

Catalyzing the polysulfide conversion process has become an effective paradigm for alleviating the shuttle effect and realizing reliable Li-S batteries. Although great improvements in designing highly active polysulfide catalysts have been achieved, the transfer of Li at the catalytic interface, which has a great influence on the reversible redox of sulfur, has not been addressed. Herein, we proposed the multimodal strategy of catalysts confers atomic Co active sites on WO, where the electronegative interfacial O atoms can act as Li pump and assist the rapid migration of Li in the electrolyte to polysulfide anchored at the Co sites during the discharge process and reduce oxidation energy barrier of LiS during the charge process, thus facilizing the lithiation/delithiation of polysulfides.

Butyrate confers colorectal cancer cell resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy by promoting CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation.

Immunotherapy including anti-PD-1 demonstrated therapeutic promise to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but tumor cell resistance limits their efficacy. Butyrate may influence therapeutic outcomes by modulating tumor metabolism, but it remains unclear whether butyrate influences CRC cell resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. We aimed to investigate whether butyrate promotes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in CRC and underlying metabolic and immunologic mechanisms.

Medical and Surgical Management of Multifocal Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Multifocal superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC) is a subtype of BCC characterized by subclinical extension of noncontiguous tumor islands and high recurrence rates. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the treatment of choice for multifocal sBCC but can invariably result in large defect size when additional stages are required to achieve complete tumor clearance. We aim to review the literature to summarize key advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities for multifocal sBCC.

Anti-Sintering Ni-W Catalytic Layer on Reductive Tungsten Carbides for Superior High-Temperature CO Reduction.

The reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction stands out as a promising approach for selectively converting CO into CO, which can then be upgraded into high-value-added products. While designing high selectivity and stability catalysts for RWGS reaction remains a significant challenge. In this study, an efficient and ultra-stable Ni-W catalytic layer on reductive WC (NiWC) is designed as an anti-sintering catalyst for superior high-temperature RWGS reaction.

A ZIF-8-based dual-modal smart responsive nanoplatform for overcoming radiotherapy resistance in advanced tumors.

Radiation therapy is one of the core means of tumor treatment, playing an irreplaceable role in local control and radical treatment. However, radiotherapy resistance is one of the major challenges in current clinical practice. Tumor cells have a strong ability to repair DNA damage, which can effectively resist DNA double-strand breaks caused by X-rays, thus weakening the killing effect of radiotherapy.

Development of ratiometric fluorescent probe based on copper nanoclusters and rhodamine B for the detection of 3-nitrotyrosine.

3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) serves as a definitive biomarker of oxidative stress and assumes an essential role in the pathogenesis of diseases, so its detection is crucial for the diagnosis of diseases. Herein, we constructed a dual-emission ratiometric fluorescence probe with copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) and rhodamine B (RhB) as the response and reference signals. In the presence of 3-NT, the fluorescence intensity of CuNCs was significantly quenched through static quenching effect (SQE) and inner filter effect (IFE), whereas the fluorescence intensity of RhB kept unchanged.

Dual Functional Radioactive Gel-Microspheres for Combinatorial Radioembolization and Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is an established clinical therapy for treating patients with intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or those who cannot undergo radical treatment. However, the delivery of a high radiation dose is associated with several adverse effects, such as radiation pneumonitis. Additionally, the available radioactive microspheres (MSs) are dense and unsuitable for interventional delivery.

Corporate sustainability and supply chain financing: An analysis of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) consistency.

In the midst of sweeping economic transformation and technological shifts, supply chain financing has risen as a critical mechanism for synergistic interaction and financial support among enterprises, offering effective solutions to financing challenges. Meanwhile, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), as vital strategies for resource acquisition and sustainable development, are inherently connected to the acquisition of supply chain financing. This paper conducts theoretical exploration and empirical research on the nexus between ESG performance and supply chain financing using Chinese A-share listed companies, analyzing ESG consistency from the temporal and structural dimensions.

The evolution of ovarian somatic cells characterized by transcriptome and chromatin accessibility across rodents, monkeys, and humans.

The ovary plays a crucial role in the reproductive system of female mammals by producing mature oocytes through folliculogenesis. Non-human model organisms are extensively utilized in research on human ovarian biology, thus necessitating the investigation of conservation and divergence in molecular mechanisms across species. In this study, we employed integrative single-cell analysis of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility to identify the evolutionary conservation and divergence patterns of ovaries among humans, monkeys, mice, rats, and rabbits.

Synergistic stabilization of oil-in-water emulsion gels by pea protein isolate and cellulose nanocrystals: Effects of pH and application to 3D printing.

In this study, pea protein isolate (PPI) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were used to prepare oil-in-water emulsions, and the effects of pH and the oil content on the properties of the emulsions were investigated. The microstructural analysis revealed that PPI and CNC formed complexes by electrostatic attraction at pH 3.0 and 4.

Tc/Y radiolabeled biodegradable gel microspheres for lung shutting fraction assessment and radioembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma theranostics.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a well-established clinical therapy for the treatment of patients with intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or those who are ineligible for radical treatment. However, commercialized radioactive microspheres still have some issues, such as high density, complicated preparation, non-biodegradability. Furthermore, the use of different radioactive microspheres during TARE and lung shunt fraction assessment has led to inconsistencies in biodistribution in certain cases.

Comprehensive Analysis of Laser Peening Forming Effects on 5083 Aluminum Alloy.

In order to investigate the laws of the laser peening forming process and the effects of laser peening on the surface quality and tensile properties of 5083 aluminum alloy, experiments were conducted utilizing various laser peening paths, energies, and plate thicknesses. Subsequently, laser peening forming experiments were performed on S-shaped and different shapes of aluminum alloy substrates. The impact of different laser peening durations on surface morphology and tensile properties was then analyzed.

Distinct dynamics of parental 5-hydroxymethylcytosine during human preimplantation development regulate early lineage gene expression.

The conversion of DNA 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) by TET enzymes represents a significant epigenetic modification, yet its role in early human embryos remains largely unknown. Here we showed that the early human embryo inherited a significant amount of 5hmCs from an oocyte, which unexpectedly underwent de novo hydroxymethylation during its growth. Furthermore, the generation of 5hmC in the paternal genome after fertilization roughly followed the maternal pattern, which was linked to DNA methylation dynamics and regions of sustained methylation.

Ultrastable PLGA-Coated Lu-Microspheres for Radioembolization Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a highly effective localized radionuclide therapy that has been successfully used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Extensive research has been conducted on the use of radioactive microspheres (MSs) in TARE, and the development of ideal radioactive MSs is crucial for clinical trials and patient treatment. This study presents the development of a radioactive MS for TARE of HCC.

Macrophages communicate with mesangial cells through the CXCL12/DPP4 axis in lupus nephritis pathogenesis.

Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in 50% of cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is one of the most serious complications that can occur during lupus progression. Mesangial cells (MCs) are intrinsic cells in the kidney that can regulate capillary blood flow, phagocytose apoptotic cells, and secrete vasoactive substances and growth factors. Previous studies have shown that various types of inflammatory cells can activate MCs for hyperproliferation, leading to disruption of the filtration barrier and impairment of renal function in LN.