Deoxyglucose-conjugated persistent luminescent nanoparticles for theragnostic application in fibrosarcoma tumor model.

Deoxyglucose conjugated nanoparticles with persistent luminescence have shown theragnostic potential. In this study, deoxyglucose-conjugated nano-particles with persistent luminescence properties were synthesized, and their theragnostic potential was evaluated in fibrosarcoma cancer cells and a tumor model. The uptake of nano-formulation was found to be higher in mouse fibrosarcoma (WEHI-164) cells cultured in a medium without glucose.

Multimodal Applications of Zinc Gallate-Based Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Tumor Margining, Diagnosis, and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.

On the basis of the boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) modality, we have designed and synthesized a zinc gallate (ZnGaO)-based nanoformulation for developing an innovative theranostic approach for cancer treatment. Initially, the (ZnGaCrO or ZnGaO:(0.5%)Cr persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) embedded on silica matrix were synthesized.

Mesoporous Silica-Coated Upconversion Nanoparticles Assisted Photodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid: Mechanistic and Studies.

Exclusively red-emitting upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with the composition NaErF:0.5%Tm as a core and NaYF as a shell were synthesized for performing photodynamic therapy (PDT). A possible mechanism was proposed for core-shell UCNPs formation.

Facile Synthesis of a Pt(IV) Prodrug of Cisplatin and Its Intrinsically Pt Labeled Analog: A Step Closer to Cancer Theranostic.

Background Aims And Objectives: Cisplatin is extensively used in chemotherapy for treatment of a broad range of cancers. But its undesired side reactions with biomolecules that lead to severe side effects especially on kidney and nervous system, are limiting its clinical utility. To reduce its side effects, the kinetically inert Pt(IV) prodrug was recognized as an alternative approach from satisfactory results of preliminary experiments.

Generation of Multiply Charged Argon Ions in Nanosecond Laser Field Ionization of Argon Clusters.

Zhang and co-workers ( 2020, 11, 1100-1105) have recently reported results of experiments involving irradiation of argon clusters doped with bromofluorene chromophores by nanosecond-long pulses of 532 nm laser light. Multiply charged ions of atomic argon (Ar, 1 ≤ ≤ 7) and carbon (C, 1 ≤ ≤ 4) are observed, which are sought to be rationalized using an evaporation model. The distinguishing facet of exploding clusters being progenitors of energetic ions and electrons constitutes the key driver for contemporary research in laser-cluster interactions; it is, therefore, important to point out inconsistencies that are intrinsic to the model of Zhang and co-workers.

(TMT) clusters as dilute debris-free tin source for generation of multiply charged tin ions-of relevance in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, under intense laser irradiation.

Rationale: Multiply charged tin ions ([Sn] to [Sn] ) are considered as ideal-emitters at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength ~ 13.5 nm, pertinent to advanced micro-electronic device fabrication. Solid tin targets have been widely explored for the generation of these ions, but debris generation has restricted their utilization.

Tailoring Ion Charge State Distribution in Tetramethyltin Clusters under Influence of Moderate Intensity Picosecond Laser Pulse: Role of Laser Wavelength and Rate of Energy Deposition.

Systematic manipulation of ionic-outcome in laser-cluster interaction process has been realized for studies carried out on tetramethyltin (TMT) clusters under picosecond laser conditions, determined by choice of laser wavelength and intensity. As a function of laser intensity, TMT clusters exhibit gradual enhancement in overall ionization of its cluster constituents, up to a saturation level of ionization, which was distinct for different wavelengths (266, 355, and 532 nm). Simultaneously, systematic appearance of higher multiply charged atomic ions and shift in relative abundance of multiply charged atomic ions towards higher charge state was observed, using time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

Magnetic nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia therapy induces tumour growth inhibition by apoptosis and Hsp90/AKT modulation.

Purpose: We have evaluated the hyperthermia efficacy of oleic acid-functionalised Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles (MN-OA) under in vivo conditions and elucidated the underlying mechanism of tumour growth inhibition.

Materials And Methods: The efficacy and mechanism of tumour growth inhibition by MN-OA-mediated magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) was evaluated in a murine fibrosarcoma tumour model (WEHI-164) using techniques such as TUNEL assay, Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF) staining and histopathological examination. In addition, bio-distribution of MN-OA in tumour/other target organs and its effect on normal organ function were studied by Prussian blue staining and serum biochemical analysis, respectively.

Radiolanthanide-loaded agglomerated FeO nanoparticles for possible use in the treatment of arthritis: formulation, characterization and evaluation in rats.

This investigation reports the preparation of agglomerated FeO nanoparticles and evaluation of its utility as a viable carrier in the preparation of radiolanthanides as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis. The material was synthesized by a chemical route and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX and TEM analysis. The surface of agglomerated particle possessed ion pairs (-O:Na) after dispersing particles in a NaHCO solution at pH = 7 which is conducive for radiolanthanide (*Ln = Y, Sm, Ho, Er, Lu) loading by replacement of Na ions with tripositive radiolanthanide ions.

Mass spectrometric and charge density studies of organometallic clusters photoionized by gigawatt laser pulses.

Clusters on exposure to nanosecond laser pulses of gigawatt intensity exhibit a variety of photo-chemical processes such as fragmentation, intracluster reaction, ionization, Coulomb explosion, etc. Present article summarizes the experimental results obtained in our laboratory utilizing time-of-flight mass spectrometer which deal with one such aspect of cluster photochemistry related to generation of multiply charged atomic ions upon excessive ionization of cluster constituents (Coulomb explosion) at low intensity laser field (∼10  W/cm ). To understand the mechanism of laser-cluster interaction, laser as well as cluster parameters were varied.

Efficient coupling of nanosecond laser pulses with the cluster medium: Generation of hydrogen-like [C](5+) atomic ions.

Rationale: Clusters exhibit diverse photochemical behavior as a function of laser parameters, i.e. wavelength, pulse duration and intensity.

Enhanced specific absorption rate in silanol functionalized Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles: study of Fe leaching in Fe3O4 and hyperthermia in L929 and HeLa cells.

Core-shell Fe3O4-SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been synthesized using a simple synthesis procedure at different temperatures. These MNPs are used to investigate the effect of surface coating on specific absorption rate (SAR) under alternating magnetic field. The temperature achieved by silica coated Fe3O4 is higher than that by uncoated MNPs (Fe3O4).

Effect of cluster expansion on photoionization of iron pentacarbonyl doped inert gas clusters under gigawatt intensity laser irradiation.

Rationale: The aim of the investigation was to understand the variation in ionization dynamics of inert gas clusters upon doping with species with lower ionization energy than the inert gas constituent. It was postulated that the use of dopant species having lower ionization energy would lead to facile ionization of doped inert gas clusters, resulting in enhancement of the charge state of atomic ions compared with those obtained for pure inert gas clusters.

Methods: Inert gas clusters (Ar(n), Kr(n) or Xe(n)) doped with iron pentacarbonyl were generated by supersonic expansion and subjected to gigawatt intensity laser pulses (266, 355, 532 and 1064 nm wavelengths) obtained from a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser.

Differential distribution of pigment-protein complexes in the Thylakoid membranes of Synechocystis 6803.

Thylakoids in Synechocystis 6803, though apparently uniform in appearance in ultrastructure, were found to consist of segments which were functionally dissimilar and had distinct proteomes. These thylakoid segments can be isolated from Synechocystis 6803 by successive ultracentrifugation of cell free extracts at 40,000×g (40 k segments), 90,000×g (90 k segments) and 150,000×g (150 k segments). Electron microscopy showed differences in their appearance.

BiPO4: a better host for doping lanthanide ions.

In the present manuscript it is demonstrated that BiPO(4) is a better alternative to lanthanide phosphate host for making lanthanide ion-based luminescent materials. Hexagonal and monoclinic forms of BiPO(4) phase were prepared based on the reaction of Bi(3+) and PO(4)(3-) ions in ethylene glycol medium at 100 and 185 °C, respectively. From the differential thermal analysis (DTA) studies it is confirmed that the difference in the nucleation mechanism rather than the phase transition is responsible for the monoclinic phase formation at low temperatures (125 °C).

Defect stabilization in ZnO nanorods by Mg2+ doping.

Luminescent ZnO and Zn0.95Mg0.05O nanorods with length around 0.

Investigations of Ce3+ co-doped SbPO4:Tb3+ nano-ribbons and nanoparticles by vibrational and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

Nano-ribbons and very small nanoparticles (size 2-5 nm) of SbPO4 doped with lanthanide ions (Ce3+ and Tb3+) are prepared at a relatively low temperature of 120 degrees C based on a solution method. Detailed vibrational and luminescence studies on these samples establish that these lanthanide ions are incorporated at Sb3+ site of the SbPO4 lattice. The excitation spectrum corresponding to the Tb3+ emission and the excited state lifetime of the 5D4 level of Tb3+ ions in the sample confirm the energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ ions in the SbPO4 host.

Luminescence properties of Eu3+ doped CaMoO4 nanoparticles.

When Eu(3+) ions occupy Ca(2+) sites of CaMoO(4), which has a body centered tetragonal structure with inversion symmetry, only the magnetic dipole transition ((5)D(0)→(7)F(1)) should be allowed according to Judd-Ofelt theory. Even if there are a few distortions in the Eu(3+) environment, its intensity should be more than that of the electric dipole transition ((5)D(0)→(7)F(2)). We report here the opposite effect experimentally and ascribe this to the polarizability effect of the MoO(4) tetrahedron, which is neighboring to EuO(8) (symmetric environment).

Lanthanide-ion-assisted structural collapse of layered GaOOH lattice.

GaOOH nanorods were prepared by hydrolysis of Ga(NO(3))(3)·xH(2)O by urea at ~100 °C in the presence of different amounts of lanthanide ions like Eu(3+), Tb(3+), and Dy(3+). On the basis of X-ray diffraction and vibrational studies, it is confirmed that layered structure of GaOOH collapses even when very small amounts of lanthanide ions (1 atom % and more) are present in the reaction medium during the synthesis of GaOOH nanorods. The incorporation of lanthanide ions at the interlayer spacing of the GaOOH lattice, followed by its reaction with OH groups that connect the layers containing edge-shared GaO(6) in GaOOH, is the reason for the collapse of the layered structure and associated amorphization.

Nucleation sequence on the cation exchange process between Y0.95Eu0.05PO4 and CePO4 nanorods.

Nanorods of Y0.95Eu0.05PO4@CePO4 (Y0.

Surface chemistry of surfactant AOT-stabilized SnO(2) nanoparticles and effect of temperature.

SnO(2).xH(2)O nanoparticles were prepared at room temperature by the microemulsion route. Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) was used as a surfactant to stabilize the nanoparticles.

Eu3+ and Dy3+ doped YPO4 nanoparticles: low temperature synthesis and luminescence studies.

Eu3+ and Dy3+ doped YPO4 nanoparticles dispersible in methanol/water were prepared by the reaction of Y3+ and Eu3+/Dy3+ ions with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in ethylene glycol medium at 160 degrees C. Nature and extent of strain associated with lattice has been found to change with incorporation of Eu3+/Dy3+ ion in the nanoparticles as well as the heat treatment temperature. Based on the TEM studies, it has been established that particles are highly crystalline with an average particle size of around 5 nm.

Luminescence studies on SbPO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Ce, Tb) nanoparticles and nanoribbons.

Nanoparticles and nanoribbons of SbPO4 and lanthanide ions (Eu3+, Ce3+ and Tb3+) doped SbPO4 were prepared at a low temperature of 120 degrees C by co-precipitation method in solvents like ethylene glycol and glycerol. By varying the relative ratios of the two solvents, average crystallite size of SbPO4 has been varied over a range of 12 to 46 nm. Based on steady state luminescence studies, existence of energy transfer between host SbPO4 and lanthanide ions has been confirmed.

Room temperature exciton formation in SnO2 nanocrystals in SiO2:Eu matrix: quantum dot system, heat-treatment effect.

SnO2 nanocrystals in SiO2:Eu matrix have been prepared at a relatively low temperature of 170 degrees C for 4 h. Selective transition probability of Eu3+ emission could be done after a suitable excitation wavelength. The room temperature exciton formation at 285 nm for as-prepared nanoparticles is observed and this gives the Bohr's radius of 1.

Wavelength-dependent Coulomb explosion in carbon disulphide (CS2) clusters: generation of energetic multiply charged carbon and sulphur ions.

A gigawatt laser-induced Coulomb explosion has been observed in carbon disulphide (CS(2)) clusters generating energetic, multiply charged [C](m+) (m = 1-4) and [S](n+) (n = 1-6) atomic ions of carbon and sulphur. The Coulomb explosion shows wavelength dependence. Comparison of these results with our earlier work shows that the polarizability and dipole moment might help in energy absorption from the laser field but they are not mandatory conditions for this low-intensity Coulomb explosion.