Anti-IL5/IL-5 receptor therapies for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: an updated Systematic Review.

Introduction: Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare necrotizing vasculitis characterized by eosinophilic inflammation that was traditionally treated with corticosteroids associated with other immunosuppressants. Over the last years different biological therapies targeting IL-5/IL-5 receptor have become available and have been employed to tackle this challenging condition. Aim of the present study is to synthesis the evidence on the clinical presentation of this disease and on the efficacy of the newly available therapeutic strategies.

B-cell Receptor Silencing Reveals the Origin and Dependencies of High-Grade B-cell Lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 Rearrangements.

Unlabelled: The B-cell receptor (BCR) is critical for mature B-cell lymphomas (BCL), serving as a therapeutic target. We show that high-grade BCLs with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements [HGBCL-double-hit (DH)-BCL2] predominantly exhibit immunoglobulin heavy (IGH) chain silencing, leading to BCR shutdown. IGH-silenced HGBCL-DH-BCL2 (IGHUND) tumors differ from IGH+ counterparts in germinal center (GC) zone programs, MYC expression, and immune infiltrate.

Transoral robotic surgery versus conventional transoral surgery for submandibular stones: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The recent diffusion of transoral robotic surgery has prompted its application not only in the oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal-laryngeal fields, which are the anatomical sites of major use of the method, but also in the oral floor for the removal of tumours and other diseases affecting the salivary glands, such as sialothiasis. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy profiles of transoral robotic surgery compared to traditional transoral procedures for the treatment of submandibular stones.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on traditional or robotic transoral surgery for submandibular stones.

CT Navigation-Assisted Transfacial Removal of Parotid Stones: Does It Work?

The failure rate of minimally invasive surgical approaches to parotid stones is about 10%, primarily due to the presence of large, impacted, or unpalpable deep stones. When stones are palpable and exceed 7 mm in size, a combined transfacial and sialendoscopic approach offers a safe and effective surgical option, while unpalpable and impacted stones located in the parenchyma, not visible or accessible through sialendoscopy, can be treated with a CT-guided transfacial approach. Twenty-two patients (three females, mean age 53 years, range 32-73 years) underwent CT navigation-assisted transfacial removal of unpalpable and impacted parotid stones at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan between 2017 and 2024.

Sublingual ranulas, is it time for a new classification? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Sublingual ranulas present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their heterogenous clinical presentations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesise treatment outcomes and proposes a new classification for this condition.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a thorough literature search identified studies on patients with sublingual ranulas receiving medical or surgical treatment.

Prophylactic antibiotics in sialendoscopy: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Antibiotics have been prescribed routinely in sialendoscopy procedures to reduce the risk of postoperative infection, despite the limited evidence supporting this practice. Being necessary to assess the need for antibiotics in Sialendoscopy, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance to clinicians regarding antibiotic administration in this procedure.

Materials & Method: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the of prophylactic antibiotics in Sialendoscopy was designed.

Can chatbots enhance the management of pediatric sialadenitis in clinical practice?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess how well ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot, performed in helping to manage pediatric sialadenitis and identify when sialendoscopy was necessary.

Methods: 49 clinical cases of pediatric sialadenitis were retrospectively reviewed. ChatGPT was given patient data, and it offered differential diagnoses, proposed further tests, and suggested treatments.

MR sialographic assessment of the masseter muscle and the ductal kinking in patients with recurrent parotitis.

Dysfunction of the masseter muscle may cause pathological kinking of the parotid duct leading to parotitis; MR sialography is a non-invasive radiological examination that allows to evaluate dynamically the ductal system of the parotid glands. In the present study we aimed to assess the relationships between Stensen's duct and masseter muscle and their implications in the aetiopathogenesis of recurrent parotitis secondary to masseter muscle dysfunction. Forty-one patients with recurrent unilateral parotitis and nine with bilateral recurrent parotitis, all with a clinical suspicious of masseter muscle hypertrophy due to bruxism were enrolled.

Transoral robotic vertical partial laryngectomy (hemilaryngectomy) extended to the hypopharynx.

Locally advanced laryngeal cancers treatment often involves total laryngectomy, which some patients are unwilling to undergo, even if this choice reduces their survival probability. Therefore, the objective of laryngeal oncologic surgery is not only to remove the tumor, but also to preserve the organ and its functions. To overcome these concerns, several partial laryngectomy techniques have been developed.

Topical administration of S. salivarius 24SMB-S. oralis 89a in children with adenoidal disease: a double-blind controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Chronic adenoiditis (CA) is generally sustained by some infectious foci mainly located within the nasopharynx or in the deep adenoidal pads and it is characterized by a complex interplay between bacterial species. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the topical nasal administration of a probiotic compound based on S. salivarius 24SMB and S.

Image-guided and sialendoscopy-assisted transoral approach for parotid duct stenosis and megaduct.

Objective: The aim of this communication was to introduce a novel combined image (magnetic resonance and computed tomography-guided and sialendoscopy-assisted transoral approach for the treatment of a parotid duct stenosis with megaduct.

Methods: A 46-year-old woman was referred to our department for recurrent infections of the right parotid gland following unsuccessful multiple transoral surgical approaches for a Stensen's duct stricture with megaduct. An image (magnetic resonance and computed tomography)-guided and sialendoscopy-assisted transoral sialodochoplasty was planned and performed.

Single centre analysis of perioperative complications in trans-oral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal carcinomas.

Trans Oral Robotic Surgery (TORS) is a modality in the management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC). This study was conducted to show the rates of peri-operative complications after TORS for OPSCC in our experience. Single centre retrospective analysis of consecutive OPSCC treated with TORS.

Morphological and Metrical Relationships Between Sphenoid Sinus and Sella Turcica: Possible Applications in Transnasal Transsphenoidal Surgery.

Introduction: Transsphenoidal surgeries imply the risk of intraoperative lesions to the neurovascular structures surrounding the sphenoid sinus (SS). Aim of the present study is to assess the metrical and morphologic relationships existing between SS and sella turcica (ST).

Materials And Methods: Two hundred computed tomography-scans of patients were selected.

Do We Have Enough Evidence to Specifically Recommend Transoral Robotic Surgery in HPV-Driven Oropharyngeal Cancer? A Systematic Review.

: International guidelines include transoral robotic surgery (TORS) as an option for selected oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). In the perspective of treatment de-intensification, many surgeons have started recommending and performing TORS preferentially in p16- positive OPSCC in order to reduce the long-term morbidity related to chemoradiotherapy. The aim of the present review is to analyze the current evidence supporting the above-cited strategy.

Acute otitis media-related facial nerve palsy in a child: a case report and a literary review.

Background: Acute otitis media has become a rare cause of facial palsy in children. A high index of suspicion is essential to achieve the diagnosis and to properly treat this condition to avoid permanent neurological sequelae.

Case Presentation: A case of acute otitis media-related facial nerve palsy in an 18 months-old child is described and a review of the recent literature about the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of this condition is performed.

The Flex Robotic System in Head and Neck Surgery: A Review.

The Flex Robotic System is a device intended for robot-assisted visualization and surgical site access to the head and neck. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the Flex Robotic System in head and neck transoral robotic surgery (TORS). The primary search was performed using the term "Flex Robot" across several databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus).

Does Tumor Volume Have a Prognostic Role in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of tumor volume in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 1417 patients with a median age of 59.

Minimally invasive transoral robotic surgery for hiloparenchymal submandibular stone: Technical note on Flex Robotic System.

Flex Robotic System allows a minimally invasive approach for transoral removal of submandibular salivary stones.

Transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal cancer in the era of chemoradiation therapy.

Over time, the primary treatment modality of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers (OPSCC) is intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), eventually associated with chemotherapy (CHT). This treatment modality is preferred for reduced impact on the quality of life rather than aggressive open surgical approaches. The advent of TransOral Robotic Surgery (TORS) has rediscovered the role of surgery in the treatment of OPSCC.