Tumors of the Parapharyngeal Space Presenting with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Case Report and Literature Review.

: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is caused by anatomical and non-anatomical factors which lead to upper airway (UA) obstruction during sleep. Intrinsic UA collapse is the most frequent determinant of OSA. In the era of personalized medicine, adopting a tailored diagnostic approach is essential to rule out secondary causes of UA collapse, particularly those stemming from extrinsic anatomical factors.

The impact of panic disorder on severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A comparative clinical study.

Objective: We cross-sectionally compared outpatients with severe asthma (SA), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), or both, grouped by current, past, or absent panic disorder (PD) history, to assess clinical differences. Published data on this topic are limited in SA and absent in CRSwNP.

Methods: Between February and March 2024, outpatients at the Personalized Medicine Asthma and Allergy Clinic, Humanitas Research Hospital, were consecutively recruited during follow-up visits.

Assessing Nasal Obstruction Improvement in Dupilumab-Treated Patients With Active Anterior Rhinomanometry: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: To objectively assess nasal flow obstruction improvement through anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR) in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps treated with dupilumab.

Methods: Dupilumab-treated patients were evaluated at baseline (T0), 3rd month (T1) and 6th month (T2) after therapy initiation by AAR, and nasal airway resistances were measured using the Rinopocket ED200 system™. The Lund-Mackay Score (LMS), the Nasal Polyp Score (NPS) and the Lund-Kennedy Score (LKS) were assessed.

ARIA-Italy multidisciplinary consensus on nasal polyposis and biological treatments: Update 2025.

In recent years, it was recognized that type-2 inflammation connects nasal polyposis and severe asthma (SA) in addition to other type-2 diseases. Thus, some biological drugs developed for SA appeared to exert a favourable effect also in nasal polyposis. So far, there are several trials supporting this concept; therefore, some monoclonal antibodies already used for SA were assessed also in chronic rhinosinusistis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), with promising results.

Preoperative Vitamin D Supplementation to Reduce Hypocalcemia Following Total Thyroidectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether preoperative supplementation of vitamin D reduces the incidence of hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy.

Methods: Conducted in conformity with the PRISMA statement, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCT) was performed assessing postoperative hypocalcemia and postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia.

Results: The search strategy yielded 3808 potentially relevant publications, with eight RCTs ultimately included.

Nasal Mucosa Regeneration After Reboot Surgery: Electron Microscopy and Histology Insights in CRSwNP.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) often requires multiple treatments. When topical steroids prove insufficient, endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the primary intervention. Among surgical options, reboot surgery is an innovative approach that offers the potential for prolonged disease control in rapidly recurring cases, delaying the need for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy.

The Impact and Burden of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps on Patients and Their Family Caregivers: A Nationally Representative Survey.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with frustrating symptoms, particularly nasal obstruction and loss of smell. We conducted a patient survey on the significant burden of the disease, with a specific focus on conditions that affect health, sleep quality, absenteeism, and presenteeism, including the caregivers' perspectives. An online questionnaire was sent to 4230 randomly selected recipients, and 200 matched the inclusion criteria for self-reported CRSwNPs symptoms.

Tailoring the treatment of type-2 related chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps: a comparative analysis of medical and surgical approaches.

Purpose Of Review: Advances in understanding the molecular pathways underlying nasal epithelial inflammation have ushered in the era of personalized medicine for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Research progress has led to the approval of several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for severe CRSwNP, demonstrating promising outcomes in both clinical trials and real-world settings. Similarly, evolution in surgical techniques has enhanced progression-free survival due to the development of novel approaches.

Prediction of Clinical Response to Dupilumab for CRSwNP Based on the Amsterdam Classification of Completeness of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ACCESS) Score.

Purpose: Although the effectiveness of molecular antibodies has been established, evidence is still lacking on objective predictors of response. The aim of this study was to assess whether the extent of previous endoscopic sinus surgeries, assessed by means of the Amsterdam Classification of Completeness of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ACCESS) score, may influence clinical outcomes in refractory CRSwNP patients treated with dupilumab.

Materials And Methods: A consecutive sample of patients treated with dupilumab for previously operated recalcitrant CRSwNP were enrolled in the study.

Non-Mucosa Sparing (Reboot) Surgery as a Possible Rescue Therapy in Patients Locally Unresponsive to Biologics.

Evaluation of effectiveness of non-mucosa-sparing (eg, reboot) surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), poorly responders to mAb therapy, who failed repeated comprehensive endoscopic surgeries. Retrospective observational study. Patients who were under mAb for a comorbid condition but still had no control over their CRSwNP were included.

Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: impact of long-standing disease on surgical outcomes.

Purpose: To assess whether the duration of disease may influence the surgical success of Endonasal Endoscopic DCR (EE-DCR) in patients affected by nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).

Methods: Single-center observational retrospective analysis on EE-DCR via posterior trans-ethmoidal approach. Consecutive patients were enrolled in 2021-2024 and evaluated with proper questionnaires; resolution of epiphora and dacryocystitis were analyzed after 1 (T1) and 6-months (T2) from surgery.

Psychiatric Burden in Chronic Sinonasal Diseases: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal septum deviation (SD) are two widely diffused clinical conditions in otorhinolaryngology clinical practice. Albeit nasal symptoms are the most commonly referred by patients affected by both conditions, recent evidence has explored the impairment of nasal function beyond its local implication. Indeed, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, specifically anxiety and depression, was found higher in patients suffering from SD or CRS than in the general population.

Outcomes of Endoscopic Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy in Glaucoma Patients.

Background: Anti-glaucoma eye drops have been investigated due to their production of fibrotic changes on the conjunctival surface, undermining the functioning of the upper lacrimal drainage system. We aimed to assess whether these effects may impair the effectiveness of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EE-DCR).

Methods: This is a single-center observational retrospective study on EE-DCR via a posterior approach.

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Cancers: A Multidisciplinary Survey.

Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have been introduced in various disciplines but remain rather unused in head and neck (H&N) cancers. This survey aimed to infer the current applications of and attitudes toward AI in the multidisciplinary care of H&N cancers. From November 2020 to June 2022, a web-based questionnaire examining the relationship between AI usage and professionals' demographics and attitudes was delivered to different professionals involved in H&N cancers through social media and mailing lists.

Airways Type-2 Related Disorders: Multiorgan, Systemic or Syndemic Disease?

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has recently undergone a significant paradigm shift, moving from a phenotypical classification towards an "endotype-based" definition that places more emphasis on clinical and therapeutic aspects. Similar to other airway diseases, like asthma, most cases of CRS in developed countries exhibit a dysregulated type-2 immune response and related cytokines. Consequently, the traditional distinction between upper and lower airways has been replaced by a "united airway" perspective.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nasal Vestibule: A Multi-Centric Observational Cohort Study.

Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule (NV-SCC) is a rare but challenging entity, due to the complex anatomy of the region. Consensus on the best treatment strategy is still lacking, as well as a dedicated staging system. Our aim was to analyze oncological outcomes of surgically treated patients and to investigate possible prognostic factors.

Radiological Versus Clinical 1-Year Outcomes of Dupilumab in Refractory CRSwNP: A Real-Life Study.

Objective: To provide real-life evidence on long-term radiological changes in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) treated with dupilumab, and to assess possible differences between radiological and clinical results in terms of endoscopic findings and Patient-Reported-Outcomes (PROs).

Methods: Consecutive patients treated with dupilumab for recalcitrant CRSwNP were required to undergo CT scan at baseline (T0) and after 12 (T1) since first administration. A group of patients also performed CT scan at 52 weeks (T2) to assess long-term outcomes.

Diagnostic therapeutic assistance pathway (PDTA) of type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder whose etiopathogenetic picture is not yet completely known and is classically divided into CRS with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). But today the distinction is made with type 2 and nontype 2 variants. A rational and defined pathway for the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis is an indispensable means to be able to arrive at a correct identification of the patient.

Preoperative systemic inflammatory markers as prognostic factors in differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Inflammation has been associated with tumor development and circulating inflammatory biomarkers have been proposed as possible predictors of recurrence of several solid tumors. However, the role of inflammation markers in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is still uncertain.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with DTC.

Sleep quality burden in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and its modulation by dupilumab.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is associated with a substantial burden on patients' quality of life and impaired sleep quality. The most common CRSwNP endotype is characterized by type 2 inflammation, with enhanced production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody against IL-4 receptor-α, which inhibits both IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, and was recently approved for treatment of CRSwNP.

Oral Corticosteroid Abuse and Self-Prescription in Italy: A Perspective from Community Pharmacists and Sales Reports before and during the COVID-19 Era.

(1) Background: Corticosteroids are commonly used for a variety of conditions, but their use might come with significant side effects. Self-medication practices increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially favoring corticosteroid misuse. Studies on this topic are lacking, thus we aim to characterize the misuse of corticosteroids in Italy through pharmacists' perspectives and sales reports.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Tracheal Stenosis Managed during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective, Case-Control Study from Two European Referral Centre.

Introduction: Benign subglottic/tracheal stenosis (SG/TS) is a life-threatening condition commonly caused by prolonged endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy. Invasive mechanical ventilation was frequently used to manage severe COVID-19, resulting in an increased number of patients with various degrees of residual stenosis following respiratory weaning. The aim of this study was to compare demographics, radiological characteristics, and surgical outcomes between COVID-19 and non-COVID patients treated for tracheal stenosis and investigate the potential differences between the groups.

Practical recommendations for managing severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in the era of biologics.

Objective: We conducted a national survey to understand how rhinology practice has changed with the advent of biologics and how this affected patients with uncontrolled, severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). We aimed to analyse the results of the survey and infer practical recommendations for clinical practice.

Methods: A group of ear, nose, and throat specialists (ENTs) experienced in the management of CRSwNP developed a 74-question survey.