Prognostic value of the combination of serial APACHE II with serum lactate for predicting post-operative mortality in gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis is a life-threatening surgical emergency with high mortality. Early identification of patients at increased risk of poor outcomes is critical for optimizing care. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of combining serial Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores and serial serum lactate levels in predicting 30-day postoperative mortality among patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis.

Can Intermittent Teriparatide Facilitate Supraphysiological-Rate Distraction Osteogenesis? A Feasibility Study in the Rabbit Tibial Lengthening Model.

Background: Intermittent teriparatide administration is known to accelerate and promote bone healing. We wanted to investigate if intermittent teriparatide administration could facilitate supraphysiological-rate distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the rabbit tibial lengthening model without compromising on the regenerate quality.

Methods: 24 New Zealand white rabbits underwent tibial lengthening of 10 mm by distraction osteogenesis and were divided into two groups.

Internal Hernia Through a Mesenteric Defect Presenting As Midgut Volvulus: A Rare and Intriguing Coexistence.

Internal hernias through mesenteric defects are a rare cause of bowel obstruction. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for preventing bowel ischemia and subsequent complications. We report a case of a 64-year-old female who presented with acute intestinal obstruction secondary to an internal hernia associated with volvulus.

Antibacterial and Antiprotease activities of fermented barnyard millet () protein hydrolysate.

In this study, whole protein hydrolysate (Madira, PRJ-1) of barnyard millet's seed was produced through a fermentation process using and employed as an antibacterial hydrolysate. The antibacterial properties of the protein hydrolysate were investigated against (Gram-positive) and (Gram-negative) bacterial strains, respectively, using well diffusion method. Strikingly, a significant level of inhibition was observed, revealing zones of inhibition 11 ± 1.

Effect of Distal Fragment Length on Construct Stability in an Extra-articular Distal Tibial Fracture Model Fixed With Locked Intramedullary Nailing: A Biomechanical Study.

Introduction  Fractures of the distal tibia are complex injuries with high complication rates, which include delayed union, non-union, and wound complications like dehiscence and infection. The two commonly employed definite internal fixation modalities include locked intramedullary (IM) nailing and plating. There is controversy regarding the superiority of the fixation construct, although nailing is proven to be more biological and devoid of soft tissue complications.

CagA and CagT antibodies arrest the translocation of CagA into gastric epithelial cells.

Unlabelled: Cytotoxic-associated gene A (CagA) is a key virulence factor of , associated with gastric ulcers and stomach cancer. The bacterium employs a Cag-type IV secretion system for translocation of CagA into the host cells. This study investigates the impact of CagA antibodies on CagA translocation into gastric epithelial cells in vitro.

Isovitexin, a natural adiponectin agonist, prevents glucocorticoid-induced osteosarcopenia.

Purpose: Isovitexin is an agonist of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). Adiponectin has been shown to have beneficial effects on bone and muscle function, in addition to its positive impact on metabolic health. However, the preclinical and clinical application of adiponectin faces scalability challenges, prompting the investigation of isovitexin in a methylprednisolone (MP)-induced osteoporosis model.

Comprehensive Arthroscopic Management of Multi-ligament Knee Injury: A Case Report.

Introduction: Multi-ligament knee injuries (MLKIs), involving damage to two or more major knee ligaments, present complex challenges in orthopedic surgery due to the intricacy of the injury and its significant impact on knee stability and function. These injuries often require specialized treatment strategies, with two-stage surgical reconstructions emerging as a viable option. This report examines a case of MLKI and the outcomes of a staged surgical approach to repair and reconstruct the affected knee ligaments.

Necrotising enterocolitis in adults: a rare occurrence.

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening condition predominantly affecting preterm neonates. In contrast to well-characterised neonatal forms, adult NEC (ANEC) is a rare entity. Early diagnosis is crucial, as NEC carries a high mortality rate if left untreated.

Assessment of the effects of core decompression on the patho-biomechanics of the femoral head in avascular necrosis: A biomechanical perspective.

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femur head (FH) is an incapacitating disease caused by chronic overconsumption of alcohol and corticosteroids. AVN impairs blood circulation to the FH, causing varying degrees of cell death. AVN progressively reduces the macroscopic mechanical strength of the bone's necrotic area, leading to FH collapse.

Secretome Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured as Monolayer Show Enhanced Bone Regeneration Compared to Secretome From 3D Spheroid - Clues From the Proteome.

Repair and reconstruction of critical-sized bone defects present a significant challenge due to poor clinical outcomes of conventional bone repair strategies, such as autologous and allogenic bone grafts. The present study underscores the potential of human dental pulp stem cell-derived trophic factors to promote bone repair and regeneration, thus evading the risks associated with cell-based therapy. This study utilizes pre-osteoblast cells to evaluate the osteogenic potential of 2 Dimensional (2D) and 3 Dimensional (3D) secretome from monolayer and spheroid cultures of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), respectively.

Probing the multitargeted potency of Theodrenaline and its comparative evaluation with Crizotinib against transferase, hydrolase, signalling, and apoptosis-related proteins to overcome lung cancer drug resistance.

Cancer has become a prevalent disease that imposes a huge burden on society and the scientific community, and the worst-case scenario has evolved nowadays due to its resistance profiles. Lung cancer comes first in diagnosis and death and is gender-neutral, causing 1.8 million deaths yearly.

Vascularized Versus Non-vascularized Bone Grafting for Scaphoid Non-union: A Meta-Analysis.

Non-union after scaphoid fracture is a common complication. Controversy exists regarding the efficacy of vascularized bone graft (VBG) versus non-vascularized bone graft (NVBG) for scaphoid non-union. In the current meta-analysis, a comprehensive search of PubMed and the Cochrane Library database was done from inception to June 2024.

Sex-disaggregated patterns in tuberculosis treatment coverage and outcomes among a nationally representative sample of deaths in India: 2019-2022.

Background: We report on TB treatment coverage and outcomes by sex among a nationally representative sample of deaths in the background of the national framework for a gender-responsive approach to TB adopted by India.

Methods: Detailed interviews were undertaken for a nationally representative sample of deaths of all ages between 2019 and 2022 from the adult most knowledgeable about the deceased. Details about TB treatment were documented for females and males for whom history of TB diagnosis ever.

Multifaceted skeletal effects of sevelamer carbonate in a secondary hyperparathyroidism model.

Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia leads to abnormal mineralization of bones and soft tissues in patients with chronic kidney disease-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism (CKD-SHPT). Sevelamer lowers phosphate levels by binding to dietary phosphate in the gastrointestinal system, forming new bone and reducing the risk of renal osteodystrophy and fracture. However, the influence of sevelamer carbonate (SevC) on bone microarchitecture, material qualities, and mechanical behavior is unknown in CKD-SHPT conditions.

Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of intra-articular steroid injections and its combination with suprascapular nerve block for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a distressing ailment that progressively limits the active and passive mobility of the shoulder joint. Physical therapy (PT) combined with intra-articular steroid (IAS) injection and suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) has shown improved functional outcomes. We aimed to assess whether providing both IAS injection and SSNB improved outcomes compared with IAS injection alone.

Multi-scale inferomedial femoral neck bone quality in type 2 diabetes patients with fragility fracture.

Both trabecular and cortical bone undergo changes at multiple scales. We previously demonstrated the multi-scale changes in trabecular bone quality that contribute to bone fragility in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The link between increased fragility in T2D and multi-scale changes in cortical bone and their interaction with glycation remains unclear.

Distal infusion stomal enteroclysis: An effective technique to manage postoperative enterostomal output.

Background: High output enterostomy leads to malnutrition and fluid/electrolyte loss which may be challenging to manage despite dietary modification, anti-motility, anti-secretory drugs, and parenteral nutrition. Distal infusion stomal enteroclysis (DISE) is an alternative to restore nutritional deficit and replace parenteral nutrition in resource-limited settings where treatment cost and availability of trained nurses are limiting factors.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and feasibility of DISE in managing postoperative enterostomal output.

Radiation-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Prostate Cancer Survivors: The Hidden Toll.

: Radiation therapy (RT) plays a crucial role in managing prostate cancer, offering effective disease control and improving survival rates in both localized and recurrent cases. However, RT can lead to hemorrhagic cystitis, a significant late complication resulting in chronic morbidity and other health issues. This study aims to evaluate the real-world incidence of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis requiring surgical intervention.

Effect of sleep quality on wound healing among patients undergoing emergency laparotomy: an observational study.

Study Objectives: We aimed to study the association between sleep quality, total sleep duration, and wound healing among adult patients who had good sleep quality at the time of admission to the hospital who underwent laparotomy for various reasons.

Methods: In this observational study, consecutive adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy were followed up until the eighth postoperative day. The primary outcome (wound healing) was assessed using the Southampton Wound Grading System.

Understanding necrotizing enterocolitis endotypes and acquired intestinal injury phenotypes from a historical and artificial intelligence perspective.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a devastating disease in preterm and term neonates. Despite significant progress made in understanding NEC pathogenesis over the last 50 years, the inability of current definitions to discriminate the various pathophysiological processes underlying NEC has led to an umbrella term that limits clinical and research progress. In this mini review, we provide a historical perspective on how NEC definitions and pathogenesis have evolved to our current understanding of NEC endotypes.

The "flipped visit": an innovative method to improve medical student self-efficacy through a structured approach in clinic.

Background: Specialty clinics can be challenging for students on the internal medicine clerkship. They often lack the specialized knowledge necessary to fully engage in the clinic and may be pushed into an observational role, rather than being afforded meaningful opportunities. These peripheral roles undermine self-efficacy, and, therefore, education and interest.