Multifunctional PVDF membranes incorporating graphene, TiO, and nanocellulose: synergistic effects on filtration and antifouling performance.

Methylene blue (MB) remains one of the most resilient contaminants in industrial wastewater which presents serious threats to both environmental integrity and human health. Its high chemical stability and resistance to natural degradation render most conventional treatment methods ineffective. As such, this study aimed to develop a multifunctional nanocomposite membrane that mitigates membrane fouling, enhances dye separation, and improves water permeability.

Leveraging the influenza sentinel surveillance platform for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in Bangladesh (2020-2024): a prospective sentinel surveillance study.

Background: There is limited global evidence on whether influenza sentinel surveillance platforms can be effectively adapted for long-term SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in low-resource contexts. We explored the utility of the hospital-based influenza sentinel surveillance (HBIS) platform for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladesh by comparing SARS-CoV-2 detection in HBIS platform with national COVID-19 platform and assessing how its integration into influenza surveillance aligns with national trends.

Methods: From March 2020 to December 2024, we analysed data from patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and influenza-like illness (ILI) enrolled in HBIS.

Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and genetic diversity of Nipah virus strains from Bangladesh: 2016-2023.

Objectives: Nipah virus (NiV) causes deadly outbreaks in Bangladesh, with a fatality rate of 71%. Two sublineages, NiV-BD 1 and NiV-BD 2, have been identified. This study aimed to characterize their epidemiologic and clinical diversity.

Exploring Optoelectronic Behavior and Solar Cell Efficiency of Double Halide Perovskites MKIrCl (M = Cs, Rb) through DFT and SCAPS-1D.

Due to environmental concerns with lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs), attention has shifted toward safer alternatives like MKIrCl (M = Cs, Rb). This study extensively investigates the structural, electronic, and optical properties of MKIrCl using density functional theory (DFT). The analysis evaluates the suitability of these compounds as absorber materials in solar cells, emphasizing their environmental friendliness, stability, and efficiency for light-harvesting applications.

Development and Validation of a Standardized Pseudotyped Virus-Based Neutralization Assay for Assessment of Anti-Nipah Virus Neutralizing Activity in Candidate Nipah Vaccines.

An effective vaccine against Nipah virus (NiV) is crucial due to its high fatality rate and recurrent outbreaks in South and Southeast Asia. Vaccine development is challenged by the lack of validated accessible neutralization assays, as virus culture requires BSL-4 facilities, restricting implementation in resource-limited settings. To address this, we standardized and validated a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay (PNA) for assessing NiV-neutralizing antibodies in BSL-2 laboratories.

Genomic Surveillance Detection of SARS-CoV-1-Like Viruses in Rhinolophidae Bats, Bandarban Region, Bangladesh.

We sequenced sarbecovirus from Rhinolophus spp. bats in Bandarban District, Bangladesh, in a genomic surveillance campaign during 2022-2023. Sequences shared identity with SARS-CoV-1 Tor2, which caused an outbreak of human illnesses in 2003.

Nipah virus vaccines evaluated in pigs as a 'One Health' approach to protect public health.

Nipah virus (NiV) causes a severe neurological disease in humans. The first NiV outbreak, in Malaysia, involved pig-to-human transmission, that resulted in significant economic losses to the local pig industry. Despite the risk NiV poses to pig-dense regions, no licensed vaccines exist.

National burden and optimal vaccine policy for Japanese encephalitis virus in Bangladesh.

Background: Bangladesh first reported Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in 1977 and has seen regular cases since, however, no JEV vaccination program currently exists. A barrier to the use of JEV vaccines has been a limited understanding of the underlying burden.

Methods: We conducted a nationally representative serological community study in 70 communities in individuals of all ages (N=2,938, October 2015-January 2016).

Potent Inhibition of Chikungunya Virus Entry by a Pyrazole-Benzene Derivative: A Computational Study Targeting the E1-E2 Glycoprotein Complex.

The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) continues to pose a significant global health challenge due to the absence of effective antiviral treatments and limited vaccine availability. This study employed a comprehensive in silico workflow, incorporating high-throughput virtual screening, binding free-energy calculations, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) analysis, and 200 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, to identify new inhibitors targeting the E1-E2 glycoprotein complex, crucial for CHIKV entry and membrane fusion. Four promising candidates were identified from a library of 20,000 compounds, with CID 136801451 showing the most potent binding (docking score: -10.

Role of rs5743708 and dectin-1 rs16910526 polymorphisms in susceptibility to fungal infections in COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: The progression of fungal co-infection with COVID-19 depends on the patient's genetic innate immunity. Our goal is to understand the connection between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs5743708 and rs16910526 in the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and dectin-1 (CLEC7A) genes, respectively, and fungal infection in COVID-19 patients.

Material And Methods: This study assessed the SNPs rs5743708 from the TLR2 gene and rs16910526 from dectin-1 by Sanger sequencing.

Smart nano exosomes as precision drug carriers: a new frontier in targeted treatment of oral cancer.

Oral cancer remains a major global health concern due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Traditional therapies, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, often come with significant side effects and limited effectiveness, especially in advanced stages. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have opened new avenues for targeted drug delivery and personalized treatment approaches.

Detection of Nipah Virus in Human Milk: A Novel Finding.

Nipah virus (NiV) causes severe diseases in humans with a high case fatality rate. The primary risk factors for NiV infection in Bangladesh are drinking raw date palm sap (DPS) contaminated with Pteropus fruit bat secretions/excretions or close contact with or exposure to the body fluid of an individual with NiV infection. During the 2023 NiV outbreak investigation in Bangladesh, the breast milk of a NiV-infected nursing mother was tested by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detection of NiV-RNA.

Evaluating the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines during a period of Omicron variant predominance among Bangladeshi population: A test-negative design measurement.

The study was conducted to estimate the protective effectiveness (PE) of complete primary or booster dose regimens of COVID-19 vaccines deployed in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in four hospitals in Dhaka between December 30, 2021, and August 31, 2022 following a test-negative design. Patients aged ≥18 years attended with COVID-like symptoms were enrolled and tested for RT-PCR.

A One Health approach to understanding and managing Nipah virus outbreaks.

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus, which infects Pteropus bat species in Southeast and South Asia. Since its discovery in the late 1990s in Malaysia, NiV has caused outbreaks in humans in Singapore, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. The spillover pathway for the most recent NiV outbreak in 2023 in Kerala, India, remains speculative.

Evaluating the Antiviral Potential of Polyherbal Formulation () Against Monkeypox Virus: Targeting E5, Poxin, and DNA Polymerase Through Multifaceted Drug Discovery Approaches.

The recent reemergence of the monkeypox pandemic in non-endemic regions has raised serious concerns regarding the possibility of a global outbreak. The study employed various modules of the Schrodinger suite through Maestro V 14.1 for molecular docking, MD simulations, MM-GBSA, and FMO.

Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Chitosan Nanofibers Embedded with a CuO-GO Nanocomposite for pH-Sensitive Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions and Organic Dyes.

The study reports on the development of innovative hierarchical hybrid nanofibers for the efficient removal of cationic heavy metals and dyes from wastewater. The successful electrospinning of poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) in combination with biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticle-doped graphene oxide nanocomposites (CuO-GO NCs) at various ratios produced functional nanofibers. The CuO-GO NC was synthesized with a facile one-step method.

Pharmacodynamic effects of early aspirin withdrawal after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with ticagrelor or prasugrel.

Dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) without aspirin reduces bleeding compared with triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) in patients with atrial fibrillation who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention, without apparently increasing ischemic events. A prospective pharmacodynamic study was performed to investigate the impact of aspirin on bleeding time, platelet function and fibrin clot analysis in this population. Patients receiving TAT ( = 16), comprising aspirin, ticagrelor/prasugrel and a direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC), were compared with those receiving DAT without aspirin ( = 18).

Integrating wastewater surveillance and meteorological data to monitor seasonal variability of enteric and respiratory pathogens for infectious disease control in Dhaka city.

Background: Seasonal meteorological variations influence the spread of infectious diseases. Wastewater surveillance helps understanding pathogen transmission dynamics, particularly in urban areas of climate-vulnerable countries like Bangladesh.

Methods: We analysed 54 weeks of wastewater surveillance, clinical surveillance, and meteorological data from Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Recovery of cellulose nanocrystal from mixed office wastepaper and the development of bio-based coating matrixes with enhanced water, gas, oil, and grease resistances for packaging.

This study on sustainable nanocellulose modifications for various packaging applications is driven by the global social awareness and growing demand for bioproducts to reduce the use of single-use plastics. Mixed office waste (MOW) was used as the raw material to extract cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) the acid hydrolysis method. The average length and diameter of the CNCs were approximately 104.

Epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of H9N2 avian influenza virus in Bangladesh.

Low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 has been enzootic in Bangladeshi poultry since 2006. H9N2 outbreaks can decrease egg production and growth and pose a risk to human health. The role of avian hosts in the persistence, evolution, and dispersion of H9N2 is poorly understood in Bangladesh.

Advancing Rounding Culture: Sustainable Strategies to Enhance Patient Experience and Nurse-Patient Relationships.

Background: Hourly rounding is a structured process where staff check on patients hourly to ensure their comfort and safety. Through checking on patients with purpose, we aim to enhance patient experience, strengthen nurse-patient relationships, and reduce safety risks.

Problem: A cross-campus survey focusing on organizational culture of hourly rounding revealed that nursing staff perceived the process as burdensome and an additional task rather than an integrated practice.

Spontaneous nanoemulsification for solubility enhancement of BCS class II and IV molecules, quercetin as a model drug.

Spontaneous emulsification represents a practicable and efficient method for the formulation of nanoemulsion utilized in drug delivery systems. This method provides numerous advantages, such as increased energy efficiency optimization, the possibility of scaling up for industrial use, enhanced drug loading capacity, and safeguarding sensitive compounds designated for encapsulation. Nanoemulsion can be produced simply by combining water, oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant in specific ratios.

Development of a culture-independent whole-genome sequencing of Nipah virus using the MinION Oxford Nanopore platform.

Unlabelled: Nipah virus (NiV) is a deadly zoonotic pathogen in Southeast Asia causing severe respiratory and encephalitis symptoms with a high fatality rate. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is crucial for tracking transmission, conducting epidemiological analyses, and understanding NiV's adaptive evolution. WGS is essential for analyzing genomes, particularly in understanding pathogen nature, and pathogenesis and aiding in the development of therapeutics.

Assessing the Safety of Combined Therapy, and Tamsulosin, in the Self-Prescribed Treatment Protocol for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

The safety of combining tamsulosin (an allopathic drug) and aqueous extract, a medicinal plant for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), was investigated. The roots of were used and processed into a water extract by maceration and decoction. Thirty-five Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups of five rats each.