Progress in surface-modified silicas for Cr(VI) adsorption: A review.

Various toxic chemicals are discharging to the environment due to rapid industrialization and polluting soil, water, and air causing numerous diseases including life-threatening cancer. Among these pollutants, Cr(VI) or hexavalent chromium is one of the most carcinogenic and toxic contaminants hostile to human health and other living things. Therefore, along with other contaminants, the removal of Cr(VI) efficiently is very crucial to keep our environment neat and clean.

Coding-Complete Sequence of a SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.25 Lineage Obtained from an 8-Day-Old Deceased Neonate.

We report the complete genome sequence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain, hCoV-19/Bangladesh/icddrb-CHAMPS-BDAA02205/2021, obtained from a nasopharyngeal swab from a deceased neonate from Faridpur, Bangladesh. The strain belongs to lineage B.1.

The Etiology of Childhood Pneumonia in Bangladesh: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

Background: Pneumonia remains the leading infectious cause of death among children <5 years, but its cause in most children is unknown. We estimated etiology for each child in 2 Bangladesh sites that represent rural and urban South Asian settings with moderate child mortality.

Methods: As part of the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study, we enrolled children 1-59 months of age with World Health Organization-defined severe and very severe pneumonia, plus age-frequency-matched controls, in Matlab and Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Identification of Novel Mutations in the N Gene of SARS-CoV-2 That Adversely Affect the Detection of the Virus by Reverse Transcription-Quantitative PCR.

Accurate and timely diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is a critical step toward controlling the viral spread, since it facilitates the identification and isolation of infected individuals. Mutations in the primer-/probe-binding sites may lead to false-negative results.

Inference of Nipah virus evolution, 1999-2015.

Despite near-annual human outbreaks of Nipah virus (NiV) disease in Bangladesh, typically due to individual spillover events from the local bat population, only twenty whole-genome NiV sequences exist from humans and ten from bats. NiV whole-genome sequences from annual outbreaks have been challenging to generate, primarily due to the low viral load in human throat swab and serum specimens. Here, we used targeted enrichment with custom NiV-specific probes and generated thirty-five additional unique full-length genomic sequences directly from human specimens and viral isolates.

Preparation and evaluation of benzalkonium chloride hand sanitizer as a potential alternative for alcohol-based hand gels.

Hand hygiene is one of the effective measures for reducing the transmission of infections. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing ethanol or isopropanol are considered efficient alternatives to handwashing with water and soap. Despite being effective against a broad-spectrum of microbes, fining an effective alternative to the alcohol-based hand sanitizers became a necessity owning to the limitations associated with their use, such as skin dryness, irritant contact dermatitis, and intoxication upon their accidental ingestion.

Host autophagy mediates organ wasting and nutrient mobilization for tumor growth.

During tumor growth-when nutrient and anabolic demands are high-autophagy supports tumor metabolism and growth through lysosomal organelle turnover and nutrient recycling. Ras-driven tumors additionally invoke non-autonomous autophagy in the microenvironment to support tumor growth, in part through transfer of amino acids. Here we uncover a third critical role of autophagy in mediating systemic organ wasting and nutrient mobilization for tumor growth using a well-characterized malignant tumor model in Drosophila melanogaster.

The influence of palladium on the hydrogenation of acetylene on Ag(111).

We have used reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) and temperature programmed reaction (TPR) to study the selective hydrogenation of acetylene on both a clean Ag(111) surface and on a Pd/Ag(111) single-atom-alloy surface. The partial hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene is an important catalytic process that is often carried out using PdAg alloys. It is challenging to study the reaction with ultrahigh vacuum techniques because H does not dissociate on Ag(111), and while H will dissociate at Pd sites, H-atom spillover from Pd to Ag sites does not generally occur.

Effects of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation on Infant Acute Respiratory Infections: Follow-up of a Randomized Trial in Bangladesh.

Background: We examined the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on risk of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in infants up to 6 months of age in Bangladesh.

Methods: This study was nested in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 5-arm dose-ranging trial of prenatal and postpartum vitamin D supplementation. One group of women received 0 IU vitamin D per week during pregnancy and for 26 weeks post delivery ("placebo" group), one group received high-dose prenatal vitamin D supplementation of 28 000 IU per week and 26 weeks post delivery, and there were 3 additional dose-ranging groups receiving vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy only (4200, 16 800, and 28 000 IU per week, respectively).

Microbial Quality Assessment and Efficacy of Low-Cost Disinfectants on Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Collected from Urban Areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This study aimed to examine the total viable bacteria (TVBC); total coliform (TCC); fecal coliform (TFC); pathogenic spp., and total fungi (TF); and the effect of different low-cost disinfectants (sterile water, salt water, blanched, and vinegar) in decontamination of 12 types of fruit and 10 types of vegetables. In fruit samples, the lowest TVBC was enumerated at 3.

Estimation of Yield, Photosynthetic Rate, Biochemical, and Nutritional Content of Red Leaf Lettuce ( L.) Grown in Organic Substrates.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic substrates on the growth yield, photosynthetic response, and nutritional profile of red leaf lettuce grown in different compositions of cocopeat (CP), sawdust (SD), and rice husk (RH). The result showed that the properties of substrates were influenced variably by their mixing ratios. The highest water holding capacity and moisture content were found in CP, and it provided the preferable pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density, and air-filled porosity in association with other categories of the substrate.

Epidemiology of the Rhinovirus (RV) in African and Southeast Asian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Etiology Study.

Rhinovirus (RV) is commonly detected in asymptomatic children; hence, its pathogenicity during childhood pneumonia remains controversial. We evaluated RV epidemiology in HIV-uninfected children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls. PERCH was a case-control study that enrolled children (1-59 months) hospitalized with severe and very severe pneumonia per World Health Organization clinical criteria and age-frequency-matched community controls in seven countries.

Association of hyperlipidemia with breast cancer in Bangladeshi women.

Background: The association of circulating lipids with breast cancer is being debated. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between abnormal plasma lipids and breast cancer risk in Bangladeshi women.

Methods: This was a case-control study designed using a population of 150 women (50 women in each group).

Assessment of Melamine in Different Water Samples with ZnO-doped Co O Nanoparticles on a Glassy Carbon Electrode by Differential Pulse Voltammetry.

In this investigation, a melamine electrochemical sensor has been developed by using wet-chemically synthesized low-dimensional aggregated nanoparticles (NPs) of ZnO-doped Co O as sensing substrate that were decorated onto flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The characterization of NPs such as UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, XPS, EDS, and FESEM was done for detailed investigations in optical, functional, structural, elemental, and morphological analyses. The ZnO-doped Co O NPs decorated GCE was used as a sensing probe to analyze the target chemical melamine in a phosphate buffer at pH 5.

Novel Mn-/Co-N Moieties Captured in N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity and Stability in Acidic and Alkaline Media.

Fe-N-C-based electrocatalysts have been developed as an encouraging substitute compared to their expensive Pt-containing equivalents for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, they still face major durability challenges from the in- situ production of Fenton radicals. Therefore, the synthesis of Fe-free ORR catalysts is among the emerging concerns.

Integrated microRNA and mRNA Expression Profiling Identifies Novel Targets and Networks Associated with Ebstein's Anomaly.

Little is known about abundance level changes of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNA) in patients with Ebstein's anomaly (EA). Here, we performed an integrated analysis to identify the differentially abundant miRNAs and mRNA targets and to identify the potential therapeutic targets that might be involved in the mechanisms underlying EA. A large panel of human miRNA and mRNA microarrays were conducted to determine the genome-wide expression profiles in the blood of 16 EA patients and 16 age and gender-matched healthy control volunteers (HVs).

Electron beam induced modification of ZIF-8 membrane permeation properties.

Modification of the gas permeation properties of ZIF-8 membranes using electron beam irradiation is reported. 3.8 and 3.

Electrochemical Detection of 2-Nitrophenol Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with BaO Nanorods.

Here, an electrochemical detection approach (differential pulse voltammetry) was employed to develop a 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) sensor probe using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coated by wet-chemically synthesized nanorods (NRs) of BaO. The prepared BaO NRs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The peak currents by differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) analysis of 2-NP are plotted against the concentration to obtain the calibration curve of the 2-NP detection.

A Case Series Describing the Recurrence of COVID-19 in Patients Who Recovered from Initial Illness in Bangladesh.

To date, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 80 million people globally. We report a case series of five clinically and laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients from Bangladesh who suffered a second episode of COVID-19 illness after 70 symptom-free days. The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), is a leading public health research institution in South Asia.

An Unusual Presentation of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock Due to Myxedema Coma: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Myxedema coma is an endocrine emergency with a high mortality rate, defined as a severe hypothyroidism leading to hypotension, bradycardia, decreased mental status, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and cardiogenic shock. Although hypothyroidism and cardiac disease has been interlinked, ST elevation myocardial infarction in the setting of myxedema coma have not been reported previously. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 70-year-old man who presented to the Emergency Department with chest pain and confusion.

Nanoremediation technologies for sustainable remediation of contaminated environments: Recent advances and challenges.

A major and growing concern within society is the lack of innovative and effective solutions to mitigate the challenge of environmental pollution. Uncontrolled release of pollutants into the environment as a result of urbanisation and industrialisation is a staggering problem of global concern. Although, the eco-toxicity of nanotechnology is still an issue of debate, however, nanoremediation is a promising emerging technology to tackle environmental contamination, especially dealing with recalcitrant contaminants.

Major zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Bangladesh.

Zoonotic diseases cause repeated outbreaks in humans globally. The majority of emerging infections in humans are zoonotic. COVID-19 is an ideal example of a recently identified emerging zoonotic disease, causing a global pandemic.

Genome Sequence of a SARS-CoV-2 Strain from Bangladesh That Is Nearly Identical to United Kingdom SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.7.

The coding-complete genome sequence of a coronavirus strain, SARS-CoV-2/human/BGD/G039392/2021, obtained from a symptomatic male patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, is reported. The strain G039392 is 99.9% identical to the UK variant B.