Oxidative Activation of the Heme Nitric Oxide/Oxygen-Binding Protein (H-NOX) from .

The heme nitric oxide/oxygen-binding proteins (H-NOX) are bacterial homologues of the sensor domain of mammalian soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), a multidomain enzyme that catalyzes the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in response to NO. In facultative anaerobes, H-NOX proteins sense nitric oxide (NO) and regulate various communal behaviors including biofilm formation, motility, virulence, and quorum sensing. Rupture of the proximal heme iron-histidine bond during the formation of a five-coordinate low-spin ferrous nitrosyl (5cLS Fe(II)-NO) heme is thought to be required for H-NOX activation, allowing them to interact with downstream signaling partners such as diguanylate cyclases (DGC), phosphodiesterases (PDE), or histidine kinases (HK).

Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Inhibitors as Adjunct Therapy to Statins: A New Frontier in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction.

Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma levels is crucial for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many patients struggle to obtain goal LDL-C levels, despite the availability of several lipid-lowering medications, because of limited efficaciousness and unfavorable side effects. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) targeting has drawn interest recently as a novel approach to further lower cardiovascular (CV) risk.

SalivaDirect: an alternative to a conventional RNA extraction protocol for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a clinical setting.

Affordable and accessible tests for COVID-19 allow for timely disease treatment and pandemic management. SalivaDirect is a faster and easier method to implement than NPS sampling. Patients can self-collect saliva samples at home or in other non-clinical settings without the help of a healthcare professional.

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Software Prototype to Inform Opioid Pharmacovigilance From Electronic Health Records: Development and Usability Study.

Background: The use of patient health and treatment information captured in structured and unstructured formats in computerized electronic health record (EHR) repositories could potentially augment the detection of safety signals for drug products regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Natural language processing and other artificial intelligence (AI) techniques provide novel methodologies that could be leveraged to extract clinically useful information from EHR resources.

Objective: Our aim is to develop a novel AI-enabled software prototype to identify adverse drug event (ADE) safety signals from free-text discharge summaries in EHRs to enhance opioid drug safety and research activities at the FDA.

Culture-Independent Workflow for Nanopore MinION-Based Sequencing of Influenza A Virus.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of influenza A virus (IAV) is crucial for identifying diverse subtypes and newly evolved variants and for selecting vaccine strains. In developing countries, where facilities are often inadequate, WGS is challenging to perform using conventional next-generation sequencers. In this study, we established a culture-independent, high-throughput native barcode amplicon sequencing workflow that can sequence all influenza subtypes directly from a clinical specimen.

Epidemiology of Group A rotavirus in rodents and shrews in Bangladesh.

Rodents and shrews live in close proximity to humans and have been identified as important hosts of zoonotic pathogens. This study aimed to detect Group A rotavirus (RVA) and its potential risk factors in rodents and shrews in Bangladesh. We captured 417 small mammals from 10 districts with a high degree of contact between people and domestic animals and collected rectal swab samples between June 2011 and October 2013.

Diagnostic Performance of Self-Collected Saliva Versus Nasopharyngeal Swab for the Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the Clinical Setting.

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)-caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-has spread rapidly around the world. The global shortage of equipment and health care professionals, diagnostic cost, and difficulty in collecting nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs) necessitate the use of an alternative specimen type for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the use of saliva as an alternative specimen type for SARS-CoV-2 detection.

Genome Sequences of SARS-CoV-2 Sublineage B.1.617.2 Strains from 12 Children in Chattogram, Bangladesh.

We announce the complete genome sequences of 12 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sublineage B.1.617.

Identification of Novel Mutations in the N Gene of SARS-CoV-2 That Adversely Affect the Detection of the Virus by Reverse Transcription-Quantitative PCR.

Accurate and timely diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is a critical step toward controlling the viral spread, since it facilitates the identification and isolation of infected individuals. Mutations in the primer-/probe-binding sites may lead to false-negative results.

Diet Quality and Mental Health Amongst Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Patients.

This is the first study that explored the self-reported dietary habits of acute psychiatric inpatients. We found that 75% of the psychiatric inpatients have an unhealthy diet, which correlates with higher body mass index (BMI) and lower education level. We also found an increased sugar consumption in inpatients with schizophrenia.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Mild Strokes: How Low Should We Go?

Background and Purpose- Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is effective for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≥6. However, EVT benefit for mild deficits large vessel occlusions (NIHSS, <6) is uncertain. We evaluated EVT efficacy and safety in mild strokes with large vessel occlusion.

An outbreak of classical swine fever in pigs in Bangladesh, 2015.

In a group of 22 healthy pigs aged between 4 and 6 months, 2 pigs became ill with high fever, complete anorexia, cough and abnormal swaying movements on 22 June 2015. One of them died on June 24 and the second died on July 3. Shortly after, the remaining pigs also fell ill and died from the same illness by 10 August 2015.

Hepatitis C virus infections among clients attending an HIV testing and counseling center in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and genotypes among 965 individuals attending an HIV testing and counseling unit in Dhaka Bangladesh during Jan-Dec 2011 was determined. Anti-HCV antibody was detected in 4.4% individuals; the highest rate 37.

Environmental Spread of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Resistance to carbapenem antibiotics through the production of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) constitutes an emerging challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections. To monitor the possible source of the spread of these organisms in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we conducted a comparative analysis of wastewater samples from hospital-adjacent areas (HAR) and from community areas (COM), as well as public tap water samples, for the occurrence and characteristics of NDM-1-producing bacteria. Of 72 HAR samples tested, 51 (71%) samples were positive for NDM-1-producing bacteria, as evidenced by phenotypic tests and the presence of the gene, compared to 5 of 41 (12.

Attempts to minimize nitrogen oxide emission from diesel engine by using antioxidant-treated diesel-biodiesel blend.

The study represents a comprehensive analysis of engine exhaust emission variation from a compression ignition (CI) diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel blends. Biodiesel used in this investigation was produced through transesterification procedure from Moringa oleifera oil. A single cylinder, four-stroke, water-cooled, naturally aspirated diesel engine was used for this purpose.

Prevalence of vancomycin resistant (VRSA) in methicillin resistant (MRSA) strains isolated from burn wound infections.

Objectives: The increase in resistance of methicillin resistant (MRSA) strains to vancomycin has been perceived as a formidable threat in the therapeutic fields. The present study investigated the vancomycin resistance traits of MRSA isolates [vancomycin resistant (VRSA)] collected from burn patients.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine of 40 isolates of spp.