Adaptive Curved Slicing for En Face Imaging in Optical Coherence Tomography.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) employs light to acquire high-resolution 3D images and is widely applied in fields such as ophthalmology and forensic science. A popular technique for visualizing the top view (en face) is to slice it with flat horizontal plane or apply statistical functions along the depth axis. However, when the target appears as a thin layer, strong reflections from other layers can interfere with the target, rendering the flat-plane approach ineffective.

Biomechanical study of myogenic factors in the contracture period of traumatic elbow joint.

Background: Elbow contracture is a common complication following elbow trauma. Soft tissue fibrosis is an important cause of exogenous joint contracture. The most effective non-surgical method for preventing and treating elbow contracture is stretching exercise.

A Multivalent Targeting Strategy for Developing Reactive Oxygen Species-Activated Tumor-Seeking Probe to Guide Precise Surgical Resection.

Optical molecular imaging with near-infrared (NIR) dyes provides a promising strategy for the visual detection of tumor tissues. However, conventional molecular probes often suffer from poor targeting specificity and low signal contrast during tumor detection. In this work, we developed a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated tumor-seeking probe (termed MB-PEG-Bio2) based on a multivalent biotin-targeting strategy.

Research progress on functional solid polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries.

Solid state electrolytes (SSEs) offer superior safety profiles, enhanced electrochemical stability, and expanded electrochemical windows compared with their liquid counterparts. Currently, the commercialization of SSEs is facing severe challenges. This review provides an overview of the latest research on SSEs for lithium batteries, with a focus on wide temperature range operation, optimized interface functionality, inhibition of active component loss, and novel modification strategies such as flame retardant, self-healing, intelligent responsive, and environmentally friendly electrolytes.

Selection, identification, and ecological application potential of key bacteria in biological soil crusts of deserts.

To address the challenges of nutrient deficiency and plant growth in desertified areas, we screened and identified key strains with extracellular hydrolase production and phosphorus and potassium solubilizing functions from biological soil crusts (BSC), and evaluated their survival capabilities under stressed conditions. Among the 13 strains screened from BSC, YD-7 exhibited the highest activity for amylase and cellulase, with hydrolysis zone diameters of 2.27 and 1.

Changes in bilateral tear film and corneal nerve stability in patients with unilateral neurotrophic keratitis.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the bilateral stability of the tear film in patients with unilateral neurotrophic keratitis and to observe changes in corneal nerve and immune cells under confocal microscopy.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study included 63 patients with confirmed neurotrophic keratitis (NK) and 40 normal controls of similar sex and age. NK patients were divided into stage 1 and stage 2 based on the severity of the disease.

Therapeutic Mechanism of Kynurenine, a Metabolite of Probiotics, on Atopic Dermatitis in Mice.

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized primarily by its chronic and recurrent nature. This has a significant impact on productivity and human longevity. Dysbiosis of gut flora has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the progression of AD.

CsCO-N,N-Dimethylacetamide-Promoted Esterification of Arylformic Acids with a-Bromo Esters via Nucleophilic Substitution.

Herein, a nucleophilic substitution reaction between arylformic acids and α-bromo esters, facilitated by a CsCO-DMA system, is reported. This reaction occurs under mild conditions, yielding a diverse range of valuable lactic acid derivatives (34 examples) with good to excellent yields (up to 97%). Subtle factors, such as the ion-dipole interactions between CsCO, the substrates, and the solvent, may significantly influence the dynamics of the S2 reaction.

Multifunctional albumin-based hydrogel/microglia composites enhancing the therapeutic potential of neonatal microglia in complex spinal cord injuries and sealing dural rupture.

Treatment for spinal cord injuries (SCIs) remains largely ineffective, with scar formation and neural degeneration being major barriers to functional recovery. Neonatal microglia have shown potential in reducing scar formation and promoting axonal regrowth. However, cell viability and retention at the injury site are often suboptimal.

Larimichthys crocea isinglass polysaccharide attenuates DSS-induced colitis via gut microbiota regulation and NF-κB signaling inhibition.

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Larimichthys Crocea Isinglass polysaccharide (CIP) in ameliorating DSS-induced colitis. CIP, a complex polysaccharide composed of six monosaccharides with a molecular weight of 3.97 kDa.

Impact of Microstructural Units Configuration and Arrangement on Phase-Matching in Nonlinear Optical KGaSe Crystals.

Achieving phase-matching (PM) behavior, which is typically derived from sufficient birefringence (Δ), is crucial for maximizing the nonlinear optics (NLO) laser power output. Δ is largely attributed to the configuration and arrangement of microstructural units, and phase transitions will significantly alter the stacking method of structural units. In this study, we successfully synthesized two diamond-like isomers of α-KGaSe (2, ) and β-KGaSe (1, ), which consist of open-honeycomb-like anionic frameworks interspersed with embedded K cations.

Antibiofilm efficacies and mechanism of perillaldehyde against Shewanella putrefaciens.

Shewanella putrefaciens is Gram-negative bacterium and important spoilage organism in aquatic products, negatively impacting the organoleptic properties of aquatic products. S. putrefaciens could form biofilm, which increases persistence and contamination in food system.

Biomechanical study of elbow joint: different stages after the elbow anterior capsule injury.

: Elbow contracture is a common complication post-elbow trauma, the biomechanical environment after anterior capsule injury was complex. This study aimed to use a finite element model to investigate the biomechanical environment within elbow capsule and its surrounding tissues at various stages after anterior capsule injury. : A finite element model of the elbow joint, incorporating muscle activation behavior, was developed to simulate elbow flexion under normal condition (no injury) and at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks following anterior joint capsular injury.

Wearable optical coherence tomography angiography probe with extended depth of field.

Significance: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely utilized to investigate brain activities and disorders in anesthetized or restrained rodents. However, anesthesia can alter several physiological parameters, leading to findings that might not fully represent the true physiological state. To advance the understanding of brain function in awake and freely moving animals, the development of wearable OCT probes is crucial.

Using statistical analysis to explore the influencing factors of data imbalance for machine learning identification methods of human transcriptome m6A modification sites.

RNA methylation, particularly through m6A modification, represents a crucial epigenetic mechanism that governs gene expression and influences a range of biological functions. Accurate identification of methylation sites is crucial for understanding their biological functions. Traditional experimental methods, however, are often costly and can be influenced by experimental conditions, making machine learning, especially deep learning techniques, a vital tool for m6A site identification.

To add or to remove? The role of working memory updating in preschool children's non-symbolic arithmetic abilities between addition and subtraction.

Early computational capacity sets the foundation for mathematical learning. Preschool children have been shown to perform both non-symbolic addition and subtraction problems. However, it is still unknown how different operations affect the representational precision of the non-symbolic arithmetic solutions.

Metagenomic Insight into the Associated Microbiome in Plasmodia of Myxomycetes.

During the trophic period of myxomycetes, the plasmodia of myxomycetes can perform crawling feeding and phagocytosis of bacteria, fungi, and organic matter. Culture-based studies have suggested that plasmodia are associated with one or several species of bacteria; however, by amplicon sequencing, it was shown that up to 31-52 bacteria species could be detected in one myxomycete, suggesting that the bacterial diversity associated with myxomycetes was likely to be underestimated. To fill this gap and characterize myxomycetes' microbiota and functional traits, the diversity and functional characteristics of microbiota associated with the plasmodia of six myxomycetes species were investigated by metagenomic sequencing.

PTSP-BERT: Predict the thermal stability of proteins using sequence-based bidirectional representations from transformer-embedded features.

Thermophilic proteins, mesophiles proteins and psychrophilic proteins have wide industrial applications, as enzymes with different optimal temperatures are often needed for different purposes. Convenient methods are needed to determine the optimal temperatures for proteins; however, laboratory methods for this purpose are time-consuming and laborious, and existing machine learning methods can only perform binary classification of thermophilic and non-thermophilic proteins, or psychrophilic and non-psychrophilic proteins. Here, we developed a deep learning model, PSTP-BERT, based on protein sequences that can directly perform Three classes identification of thermophilic, mesophilic, and psychrophilic proteins.

Necrotizing Pancreatitis Due to Very High Triglyceride Level: A Case Report.

In the United States, acute pancreatitis is one of the most common gastrointestinal conditions that results in hospital admission. Necrotizing pancreatitis is a form of acute pancreatitis that can lead to various local and systemic complications. It is also associated with a high risk of mortality and morbidity without prompt intervention.