Appetite adipokines and insulin resistance shape the link between sleep quality and cardiac structure in youths with cardiometabolic risk: the BCAMS study.

Background: Poor sleep quality (PSQ) is associated with cardiovascular disease, but the key intermediate variables underlying this relationship in youths remain unclear. We aimed to explore the relationship between PSQ and adverse cardiac structure in Chinese youths with elevated cardiometabolic risk, focusing on the roles of appetite adipokines and insulin resistance.

Methods: We utilized cross-sectional data from the Beijing Children and Adolescents Metabolic Syndrome (BCAMS) Study Cohort (n = 559, mean age = 20.

Blood methylation signatures in childhood obesity and risk of cardiac hypertrophy in young adults: Findings from the BCAMS study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Childhood obesity may induce epigenetic changes, affecting long-term cardiac health. However, empirical evidence remains scarce. Leveraging the prospective cohort of Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome study (BCAMS), we investigated the blood DNA methylation signatures associated with childhood obesity and the future risk of cardiac hypertrophy in young adults, confirming causality with Mendelian randomization (MR).

Exploring the interplay of genetic variants and environmental factors in childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dynamic interactions between genetic predispositions and environmental exposures significantly shape the escalating prevalence of childhood obesity. This systematic review synthesizes observational and clinical trial evidence on the gene-environment interplays influencing childhood obesity, highlighting the role of genetic variants and environmental moderators such as dietary habits, physical activity, sleep durations, parental behaviors, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, gender, as well as lifestyle interventions. We conducted an exhaustive search across 5 databases (Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library), adhering to PRISMA guidelines.

Mediating effect of self-efficacy on self-perceived burden and kinesiophobia in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention in China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To analyse the current state of kinesiophobia, self-perceived burden and self-efficacy in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In addition, to study the mediating effect of self-efficacy between self-perceived burden and kinesiophobia.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for lung cancer in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema patients.

Background: Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) represents a distinct clinical syndrome characterized by the coexistence of upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe fibrosis, with an increased risk of lung cancer (LC) development. This study aimed to detect the clinical features and prognosis of CPFE patients with LC and the ability of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to predict outcomes in those individuals.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with CPFE combined with LC between January 2017 and December 2023 was conducted.

METTL3/YTDHF1 Stabilizes CSRP1 mRNA to Regulate Glycolysis and Promote Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression.

CSRP1 (Cysteine and Glycine-Rich Protein 1) is a protein often overactivated in various cancers, promoting cell proliferation and survival, making it a key factor in cancer development. However, it is worth noting that the effect of this protein on the glycolysis process in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) has not yet been studied. This study aims to investigate the role of the METTL3/YTHDF1 axis in regulating Glycolysis and its impact on AML progression by stabilizing CSRP1 mRNA.

MIDASim: a fast and simple simulator for realistic microbiome data.

Background: Advances in sequencing technology has led to the discovery of associations between the human microbiota and many diseases, conditions, and traits. With the increasing availability of microbiome data, many statistical methods have been developed for studying these associations. The growing number of newly developed methods highlights the need for simple, rapid, and reliable methods to simulate realistic microbiome data, which is essential for validating and evaluating the performance of these methods.

A novel method combining deep learning with the Kennard-Stone algorithm for training dataset selection for image-based rice seed variety identification.

Background: Different varieties of rice vary in planting time, stress resistance, and other characteristics. With advances in rice-breeding technology, the number of rice varieties has increased significantly, making variety identification crucial for both trading and planting.

Results: This study collected RGB images of 20 hybrid rice seed varieties.

Simultaneous determination of pigments of spinach ( L.) leaf for quality inspection using hyperspectral imaging and multi-task deep learning regression approaches.

Rapid and accurate determination of pigment content is important for quality inspection of spinach leaves during storage. This study aimed to use hyperspectral imaging at two spectral ranges (visible/near-infrared, VNIR: 400-1000 nm; NIR: 900-1700 nm) to simultaneously determine the pigment (chlorophyll , chlorophyll , total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) content in spinach stored at different durations and conditions (unpackaged and packaged). Partial least squares (PLS), back propagation neural network (BPNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) were used to establish single-task and multi-task regression models.

A Mixed Effect Similarity Matrix Regression Model (SMRmix) for Integrating Multiple Microbiome Datasets at Community Level.

Background: Recent studies have highlighted the importance of human microbiota in our health and diseases. However, in many areas of research, individual microbiome studies often offer inconsistent results due to the limited sample sizes and the heterogeneity in study populations and experimental procedures. This inconsistency underscores the necessity for integrative analysis of multiple microbiome datasets.

Does early time-restricted eating reduce body weight and preserve fat-free mass in adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This meta-analysis evaluated whether weight loss caused by early time-restricted eating could promote fat mass loss while preserving fat-free mass, thereby leading to improvements in inflammation and metabolic health.

Methods: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to March 28, 2023, were identified in six databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase.

Results: We initially screened 1279 articles, thirteen RCTs with 859 patients were ultimately included.

Identification of geographical origins of Radix Paeoniae Alba using hyperspectral imaging with deep learning-based fusion approaches.

The Radix Paeoniae Alba (Baishao) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with numerous clinical and nutritional benefits. Rapid and accurate identification of the geographical origins of Baishao is crucial for planters, traders and consumers. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used in this study to acquire spectral images of Baishao samples from its two sides.

MIDASim: a fast and simple simulator for realistic microbiome data.

Background: Advances in sequencing technology has led to the discovery of associations between the human microbiota and many diseases, conditions, and traits. With the increasing availability of microbiome data, many statistical methods have been developed for studying these associations. The growing number of newly developed methods highlights the need for simple, rapid, and reliable methods to simulate realistic microbiome data, which is essential for validating and evaluating the performance of these methods.

Paeoniflorin attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats by suppressing TAK1-MAPK/NF-κB pathways.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling is a lethal disease. Paeoniflorin (PF) is a monoterpene glycoside with numerous beneficial functions, such as vasodilation, anti-inflammation and immunomodulation. This study aims to investigate the effects of PF on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats.

MiRKAT-MC: A Distance-Based Microbiome Kernel Association Test With Multi-Categorical Outcomes.

Increasing evidence has elucidated that the microbiome plays a critical role in many human diseases. Apart from continuous and binary traits that measure the extent or presence of a disease, multi-categorical outcomes including variations/subtypes of a disease or ordinal levels of disease severity are commonly seen in clinical studies. On top of that, studies with clustered design (i.

Topotecan plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy versus Etoposide plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Whether topotecan plus platinum-based chemotherapy (TP) can achieve better results than etoposide plus platinum-based chemotherapy (EP) for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment is still controversial in clinical applications. We compared the effectiveness and toxicity of TP versus EP in this meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for completeness one by one to find articles that met the conditions.

Use of dexamethasone and a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with or without aprepitant to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among patients with lung cancer who are treated with platinum-based chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Researchers have not clearly determined whether adding aprepitant (ADH) to dexamethasone and one 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (DH) is clinically effective at preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) among patients with lung cancer (LC) treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the efficacy and safety of ADH and DH.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases, among others, for relevant studies.

Comparison of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave ablation (MWA) are regarded as effective therapies for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We conducted this study to compare the efficiency and safety of TACE combined with RFA (TR group) or MWA (TM group). PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Ovid Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched.

Iptakalim ameliorates hypoxia-impaired human endothelial colony-forming cells proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis via Akt/eNOS pathways.

Hypoxia-associated pulmonary hypertension is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cells dysfunction is considered as the initial event. As precursor of endothelial cells, endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) play significant roles in maintenance of endothelium integrity and restoration of normal endothelial cell function.

Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a challenge of global TB control, with difficulty in early detection of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB). We investigate the diagnostic significance of IDO as a potential biomarker to discriminate MDR patients among the TB patients. Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was measured by the ratio of kynurenine (Kyn) to tryptophan (Trp) concentrations, using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Nicorandil Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Protection via NF-B and MAPK Pathways.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating critical disease characterized by diffuse inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Increasing evidence, including from our laboratory, has revealed that the opening of ATP-sensitive potassium (K) channels has promising anti-inflammation and endothelial protection activities in various disorders. However, the impacts of K channels on ALI remain obscure.

The Superior Antitumor Effect of Self-Assembled Paclitaxel Nanofilaments for Lung Cancer Cells.

Objectives: Paclitaxel (Ptx) has been regarded as one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs for lung cancers. Increasing studies focused on the nano-delivery system of Ptx due to its poor solubility and hypersensitivity. The aim of the recent study was to investigate the antitumor effects of self-assembled Ptx nano-filaments for lung cancer cells.

Inhibition of Shp2 ameliorates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats.

Background: Src homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 2 (Shp2) is a typical tyrosine phosphatase interacting with receptor tyrosine kinase to regulate multiple signaling pathways in diverse pathological processes. Here, we will investigate the effect of Shp2 inhibition on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a rat model and its potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying.

Methods: Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat model was used in this study.