Polyethylene Glycol Surface Modification and Polythiophene Side-Chain Chemistry: A Combined Strategy toward High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes.

In the development of high-capacity lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the combined optimization of active material interfaces and polymer binder chemistry plays a critical role in improving electrode performance and longevity. This work explores a dual design strategy incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface modification and carboxylated polythiophene side-chain tailoring to enhance the electrochemical behavior of magnetite (FeO)-based anodes. PEG is employed to improve interfacial stability, while carboxylated polythiophene binders with varying alkyl side-chain lengthspoly-[3-(potassium-4-butanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KBT), poly-[3-(potassium-5-pentanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KPT), and poly-[3-(potassium-6-hexanoate)-thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KHT)are used to modulate molecular interactions and ion transport.

Global Prevalence of Hypertension in Children and Adolescents Younger Than 19 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Pediatric hypertension predicts adult hypertension and early target organ damage, yet global prevalence estimates based on different diagnostic principles remain scarce.

Objective: To estimate global pediatric hypertension prevalence according to different diagnostic principles.

Data Sources: Several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang Database, were systematically searched from inception to July 7, 2024.

Implementing six sigma management to shorten the time of taking medicine from intelligent medicine cabinet in inpatient ward.

Background: Medication errors and delays in drug dispensing are persistent challenges in traditional pharmacy systems. Automated Dispensing Cabinets (ADCs) were introduced at the study hospital in July 2022 to improve medication safety and efficiency. However, the initial implementation phase revealed several issues, including prolonged medication retrieval times, suboptimal cabinet layout, system interface limitations, and inconsistent user operations.

OM-85, a Bacterial Lysate, Reduces Pulmonary Nodule Malignant Probability: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The current clinical management of pulmonary nodules relies heavily on CT follow-up, without early intervention. This retrospective study investigated the efficacy of OM-85, a standardized lysate of human respiratory bacteria, in the treatment of high-risk pulmonary nodules detected by computed tomography (CT) in patients with chronic bronchitis.

Methods: This study included 72 patients (93 enrolled nodules) who underwent treatment with OM-85 and a matched control group of 90 patients (111 control nodules).

The impact of maternal health and lifestyle on low birth weight: a prospective cohort study.

Background: To explore maternal pregestational and periconceptional factors associated with low birth weight in offspring and inform the development of targeted interventions.

Methods: A prospective birth cohort involving 34,104 pregnant women and their offspring was constructed. The participants were enrolled during 8-14 gestational weeks and followed up at 3 months postpartum.

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and diabetes based on Mendelian randomization.

Objectives: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of various types of diabetes. However, the causal relationship between them has yet to be systematically elucidated. This study aims to explore the potential causal associations between gut microbiota and diabetes using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, based on multiple taxonomic levels.

Rapeseed transcription factor BnaC9bHLH35 promotes root growth and improves nitrogen use efficiency under low nitrate conditions.

BnaC9bHLH35 directly regulated the expression of several nitrate uptake and assimilation-related genes and improved nitrogen use efficiency. Nitrogen is one of the most important basic elements in life, which forms proteins, nucleic acids and numerous indispensable compounds. It is critical to improve the nitrogen use efficiency of crops while reduce the amount of fertilizer use.

Association of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with preterm birth and low birth weight in offspring: A prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a common complication of pregnancy, which may lead to an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to use two different methods to explore the association of ICP with preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) in offspring.

Methods: First, a large early pregnancy cohort with a sample size of 34 104 was used to explore the association of ICP with PTB and LBW by using logistic regression analysis.

Exploring the association between air pollution and urogenital congenital anomalies: a global ecological analysis.

The relationship between air pollution and urogenital congenital anomalies (UCAs) remains poorly understood. This study performed an ecological analysis of air pollution emissions and the burden of UCAs, aiming to offer new global insights for air pollution control. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (2021) and Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research.

Preprocessing Affords 3D Crystalline Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Structure.

The aggregation and crystallization of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), a representative active layer material used for organic field-effect transistor (OFET) applications, are influenced by the solution pretreatment and deposition process. This study explores vibration-assisted convective deposition for the fabrication of OFETs in comparison to spin coating, blade coating, and convective deposition without vibration. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analysis demonstrates that convective deposition, especially assisted with vibration, leads to a greater degree of intrachain interactions, longer conjugation length, and enhanced polymer backbone planarization.

Causal atlas on comorbidities in cardiomyopathy: a Mendelian randomization study of European ancestry.

Background: Cardiomyopathy (CM) is often accompanied by comorbidities that increase the risk of death. Our aim is to explore the causal association between CM and its subtypes and various related comorbidities.

Methods: Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to explore the causal association between 39 comorbidities and CM, 13 comorbidities and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 25 comorbidities and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and 13 comorbidities and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM).

The state-of-the-art in cardiac MRI reconstruction: Results of the CMRxRecon challenge in MICCAI 2023.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides detailed and quantitative evaluation of the heart's structure, function, and tissue characteristics with high-resolution spatial-temporal imaging. However, its slow imaging speed and motion artifacts are notable limitations. Undersampling reconstruction, especially data-driven algorithms, has emerged as a promising solution to accelerate scans and enhance imaging performance using highly under-sampled data.

Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology.

Accurate assessment of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibody titers is crucial for effective poultry disease control and surveillance. This article introduces an optimized method for preparing 4 hemagglutination units (4-HAU) antigen solution, a key component of the hemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) used in NDV serological detection. Unlike conventional methods, which involve time-consuming and undefined back-titration and adjustment steps, this approach streamlines this process by accurately measuring the HA titer using an initial series of dilutions (1:3, 1:5, 1:7, and 1:9).

Association between cardiovascular health and osteoporotic fractures: a national population-based study.

Osteoporotic fractures are a major public health concern, particularly among the aging population, as they significantly contribute to morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. While cardiovascular health (CVH) has traditionally been linked to cardiovascular disease outcomes, emerging evidence suggests it may also influence bone health. This study investigates the association between CVH, as measured by the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score, and the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in U.

CMRxRecon2024: A Multimodality, Multiview k-Space Dataset Boosting Universal Machine Learning for Accelerated Cardiac MRI.

The released CMRxRecon2024 dataset is currently the largest and most protocol-diverse publicly available k-space dataset including multimodality and multiview cardiac MRI data from 330 healthy volunteers, and each one covers standardized and commonly used clinical protocols.

Hydrate-Based Methane Storage in Biodegradable Hydrogels Absorbing Dilute Sodium P-Styrenesulfonate Solution.

Developing an exceptional reaction medium with high promotion efficiency, desirable biodegradability and good recyclability is necessary for hydrate-based methane storage. In this work, a kind of eco-friendly hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol-co-acrylic acid (PVA-co-PAA), was utilized to absorb dilute sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SS) solution, for constructing a hybrid reaction medium for methane hydrate formation. Hydrogels or dilute SS solutions (1-4 mmol L) had weak or even no promoting effects on hydrate formation kinetics, while the combination of them could synergistically promote methane hydrate formation.

Controlling Ion Uptake in Carboxylated Mixed Conductors.

Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) have garnered significant attention due to their capacity to transport both ions and electrons, making them ideal for applications in energy storage, neuromorphics, and bioelectronics. However, charge compensation mechanisms during the polymer redox process remain poorly understood, and are often oversimplified as single-ion injection with little attention to counterion effects. To advance understanding and design strategies toward next-generation OMIEC systems, a series of p-channel carboxylated mixed conductors is investigated.

The oilseed rape R2R3-type BnaMYB78 transcription factor regulates leaf senescence by modulating PCD and chlorophyll degradation.

Leaf senescence is the final stage of plant growth and development, characterized by chlorophyll degradation, organelle disintegration, and nutrient redistribution and utilization. This stage involves a complex and precise regulatory network, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.

Intestinal Subtype as a Biomarker of Response to Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Insights from a Prospective Phase II Trial.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NAIC) markedly induces pathologic regression in locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. However, specific biomarkers are still lacking to effectively identify the beneficiary patients for NAIC.

Patients And Methods: A prospective, single-arm, phase II study was conducted to treat locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with NAIC (NCT05515796).

Integrating Multi-Organ Imaging-Derived Phenotypes and Genomic Information for Predicting the Occurrence of Common Diseases.

As medical imaging technologies advance, these tools are playing a more and more important role in assisting clinical disease diagnosis. The fusion of biomedical imaging and multi-modal information is profound, as it significantly enhances diagnostic precision and comprehensiveness. Integrating multi-organ imaging with genomic information can significantly enhance the accuracy of disease prediction because many diseases involve both environmental and genetic determinants.

[Maternal gene polymorphisms and their interactions with periconceptional folic acid supplementation in relation to offspring ventricular septal defects].

Objectives: To investigate how maternal gene polymorphisms and their interactions with periconceptional folic acid supplementation are associated with the incidence of ventricular septal defects (VSD) in offspring.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted, recruiting 426 mothers of infants with VSD under one year old and 740 mothers of age-matched healthy infants. A questionnaire survey collected data on maternal exposures, and blood samples were analyzed for genetic polymorphisms.

Impact of multiple obesity metrics on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation study.

Background: The relationships between various obesity measures and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) remain inadequately explored, and their causal links are not well understood. This study aims to clarify these associations and investigate the mediating role of triglycerides.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of observational studies alongside Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to assess the impact of 10 obesity measures on HDP risk.

Time trends in Alzheimer's disease mortality attributable to metabolic risks and smoking in China from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: With the increase in the aging population worldwide, Alzheimer's disease has become a rapidly increasing public health concern. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, there are three risk factors judged to have evidence for a causal link to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: smoking, high body-mass index (HBMI), and high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG).

Objective: This study aimed to analyze trends in AD mortality and the relevant burden across China from 1990 to 2019, as well as their correlation with age, period, and birth cohort.