Genetic variation and synonymous cultivars in the USDA lychee ( Sonn.) collection assessed using genome-wide SNPs.

Unlabelled: Lychee () fruits have high nutritional and pharmacological value, yet the crop is underutilized on global markets partly due to cultivation problems outside the native area and lack of knowledge/misidentification of cultivars. Using reduced representation sequencing, 78 trees representing 57 cultivars plus 13 trees without varietal names from the USDA lychee collection on Hawai'i were analysed. We aimed to (1) understand the distribution of genetic variation, (2) ensure individuals of the same named variety were indeed likely the same cultivar, and (3) to identify cases of cultivar synonymy.

Novel breeding resources for the underutilised legume, lablab, based on a pangenome approach.

Individuals across a species exhibit substantial presence-absence variation, to the extent that a reference genome from a single individual only contains a subset of the species' genome. Cataloguing genome regions absent from a reference genome can therefore reveal novel genome regions, and some of this variation can be adaptive. In this work, existing short sequencing reads for the underutilised crop lablab ( (L.

Exceptionally low genomic diversity in the underutilised legume Kersting's groundnut.

Identifying crops with novel and climate resilience traits is imperative to ensure food security. Without a basic understanding of the genomes and genomic diversity of these crops they will remain underutilised or could even become lost. Kersting's groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal & Baudet] is one such crop, regarded as a useful, drought tolerant and sometimes valuable legume.

Comparing the Resistance Training Stimuli Using Velocity Feedback or Perceived Exertion in Bench Press.

Naclerio, F, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Chapman, M, Gonzales-Frutos, P, and Triplett, NT. Comparing the resistance training stimuli using velocity feedback or perceived exertion in bench press. J Strength Cond Res 39(4): 399-406, 2025-We compared the velocity feedback method (VEL) vs.

British Society of Gastroenterology practice guidance on the management of acute and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and complications as a result of treatment for cancer.

Background: Survival rates after a diagnosis of cancer are improving. Poorly managed gastrointestinal (GI) side effects can interfere with delivery of curative cancer treatment. Long-term physical side effects of cancer therapy impinge on quality of life in up to 25% of those treated for cancer, and GI side effects are the most common and troublesome.

Agricultural landscape genomics to increase crop resilience.

Populations are continually adapting to their environment. Knowledge of which populations and individuals harbor unique and agriculturally useful variations has the potential to accelerate crop adaptation to the increasingly challenging environments predicted for the coming century. Landscape genomics, which identifies associations between environmental and genomic variation, provides a means for obtaining this knowledge.

Drought Response in the Transcriptome and Ionome of Wild and Domesticated L. Sweet, an Underutilized Legume.

Hunger remains a prevalent issue worldwide, and with a changing climate, it is expected to become an even greater problem that our food systems are not adapted to. There is therefore a need to investigate strategies to fortify our foods and food systems. Underutilized crops are farmed regionally, are often adapted to stresses, including droughts, and have great nutritional profiles, potentially being key for food security.

'Domesticability': were some species predisposed for domestication?

Crop domestication arises from a coevolutionary process between plants and humans, resulting in predictable and improved resources for humans. Of the thousands of edible species, many were collected or cultivated for food, but only a few became domesticated and even fewer supply the bulk of the plant-based calories consumed by humans. Why so few species became fully domesticated is not understood.

Development and characterization of pyridyl carboxamides as potent and highly selective Na1.8 inhibitors.

The voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.8 (SCN10A) has strong genetic and pharmacological validation as a potential target for treating acute and chronic pain. While several different chemotypes have been advanced as selective inhibitors, a quinoxaline carboxamide core structure was identified as a particularly attractive core structure due to very high sodium channel subtype selectivity.

Genomics of ecological adaptation in Canary Island (Brassicaceae) and comparisons with other Brassicaceae.

Oceanic archipelagos provide striking examples of lineages that have radiated over pronounced ecological gradients. Accompanying this diversification, lineages have evolved adaptations allowing survival in extreme environments. Here, we investigate the genomic basis of ecological adaptation in Canary Island (Brassicaceae), an island relative of .

Remodeling of the human skeletal muscle proteome found after long-term endurance training but not after strength training.

Exercise training has tremendous systemic tissue-specific health benefits, but the molecular adaptations to long-term exercise training are not completely understood. We investigated the skeletal muscle proteome of highly endurance-trained, strength-trained, and untrained individuals and performed exercise- and sex-specific analyses. Of the 6,000+ proteins identified, >650 were differentially expressed in endurance-trained individuals compared with controls.

Molecular profiling of high-level athlete skeletal muscle after acute endurance or resistance exercise - A systems biology approach.

Objective: Long-term high-level exercise training leads to improvements in physical performance and multi-tissue adaptation following changes in molecular pathways. While skeletal muscle baseline differences between exercise-trained and untrained individuals have been previously investigated, it remains unclear how training history influences human multi-omics responses to acute exercise.

Methods: We recruited and extensively characterized 24 individuals categorized as endurance athletes with >15 years of training history, strength athletes or control subjects.

Comparative and population genomics of buckwheat species reveal key determinants of flavor and fertility.

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is an ancient crop with a world-wide distribution. Due to its excellent nutritional quality and high economic and ecological value, common buckwheat is becoming increasingly important throughout the world. The availability of a high-quality reference genome sequence and population genomic data will accelerate the breeding of common buckwheat, but the high heterozygosity due to the outcrossing nature has greatly hindered the genome assembly.

Long-Term Outcomes of Transanal Irrigation for Bowel Dysfunction.

Introduction: Transanal irrigation (TAI) improves bowel function and quality of life in patients with neurogenic bowel disease compared to conservative bowel care. Its use has been extended to a range of defecatory disorders. However, data on long-term benefits and compliance are lacking.

Comparative transcriptomics and gene expression divergence associated with homoploid hybrid speciation in Argyranthemum.

Ecological isolation is increasingly thought to play an important role in speciation, especially for the origin and reproductive isolation of homoploid hybrid species. However, the extent to which divergent and/or transgressive gene expression changes are involved in speciation is not well studied. In this study, we employ comparative transcriptomics to investigate gene expression changes associated with the origin and evolution of two homoploid hybrid plant species, Argyranthemum sundingii and A.

Exploiting genetic and genomic resources to enhance productivity and abiotic stress adaptation of underutilized pulses.

Underutilized pulses and their wild relatives are typically stress tolerant and their seeds are packed with protein, fibers, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals. The consumption of such nutritionally dense legumes together with cereal-based food may promote global food and nutritional security. However, such species are deficient in a few or several desirable domestication traits thereby reducing their agronomic value, requiring further genetic enhancement for developing productive, nutritionally dense, and climate resilient cultivars.

Multiomics analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying virulence in Rhizoctonia and jasmonic acid-mediated resistance in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum).

Rhizoctonia solani is a devastating soil-borne pathogen that seriously threatens the cultivation of economically important crops. Multiple strains with a very broad host range have been identified, but only 1 (AG1-IA, which causes rice sheath blight disease) has been examined in detail. Here, we analyzed AG4-HGI 3 originally isolated from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), but with a host range comparable to AG1-IA.

FiNuTyper: Design and validation of an automated deep learning-based platform for simultaneous fiber and nucleus type analysis in human skeletal muscle.

Aim: While manual quantification is still considered the gold standard for skeletal muscle histological analysis, it is time-consuming and prone to investigator bias. To address this challenge, we assembled an automated image analysis pipeline, FiNuTyper (Fiber and Nucleus Typer).

Methods: We integrated recently developed deep learning-based image segmentation methods, optimized for unbiased evaluation of fresh and postmortem human skeletal muscle, and utilized SERCA1 and SERCA2 as type-specific myonucleus and myofiber markers after validating them against the traditional use of MyHC isoforms.