Lifestyle-attributable burden of young-onset stroke in Chinese and global populations aged 20-54 years: A three decades comparative study (1990-2021) using Global Burden of Disease study data.

Introduction: Young-onset stroke represents a growing public health crisis globally along with rapid lifestyle changes. This study investigated the mortality and disability burden of young-onset stroke attributable to modifiable lifestyle factors in China compared with global trends, aiming to identify critical intervention targets.

Methods: Utilizing Global Burden of Disease 1990-2021 data, we analyzed age-stratified mortality and disability-adjusted life years for four lifestyle risk factors (tobacco, high alcohol use, dietary risk, and low physical activity).

Molecularly resolved mapping of heterogeneous ice nucleation and crystallization pathways using in-situ cryo-TEM.

Crystallization plays a fundamental role in diverse fields such as glaciology, geology, biology, and materials science. Among various crystallizing systems, the formation of ice remains elusive, despite decades of intensive investigation. In this study, we integrate in-situ cryogenic transmission electron microscopy with molecular dynamics simulations to develop a molecular-resolution mapping and thermodynamic framework for deposition freezing under low-temperature, low-pressure conditions.

VirulentHunter: deep learning-based virulence factor predictor illuminates pathogenicity in diverse microbial contexts.

Virulence factors (VFs) are critical determinants of bacterial pathogenicity, but current homology-based identification methods often miss novel or divergent VFs, and many machine learning approaches neglect functional classification. Here, we present VirulentHunter, a novel deep learning framework that enable simultaneous VF identification and classification directly from protein sequences by leveraging the crucial step of fine-tuning pretrained protein language model. We curate a comprehensive VF database by integrating diverse public resources and expanding VF category annotations.

The Effect of Mattress Firmness on Sleep Architecture and PSG Characteristics.

Background: The influence of sleep environments on sleep quality is well-established; however, the specific role of mattress design remains underexplored. Existing studies focus primarily on ergonomic aspects, such as pressure relief and spinal support, yet lack conclusive evidence linking these features to improved sleep quality.

Objective And Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mattress firmness on sleep quality.

Healthy lifestyle factors outweigh influence of APOE genetic risk on extending cognitively healthy life expectancy among Chinese older adults: evidence from a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: Understanding the interplay between genetic factors and lifestyle choices in cognitive health is crucial for enhancing late-life quality. This study examines the effects of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and healthy lifestyles on life expectancy with and without cognitive impairment (CI) in Chinese older adults.

Methods: Data from 6488 participants aged at least 65 in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed using continuous-time three-state Markov models.

Spatially homogeneous spectral broadening of Yb lasers with field mapping beam shaping optics.

Yb:YAG thin disk lasers can deliver high average power, high-energy pulses of fundamental mode. To achieve spatially homogeneous spectral broadening of the pulses in a compact setup, we propose utilizing a thin-film compression (TFC) scheme following beam shaping via field mapping optics. In our proof-of-principle experiment, the pulse from a Yb:YAG laser was converted from a Gaussian beam to a nearly flat-top beam by a π-shaper.

Association of falls with risk of dementia and all-cause mortality: a cohort study of Japanese older adults with a 9-year follow-up.

Objective: Many risk factors affect dementia and all-cause mortality. However, whether falls are a risk factor for dementia and all-cause mortality is unclear. The study examines the association of falls with the risk of dementia and all-cause mortality, and whether dementia mediates the association of falls with all-cause mortality.

Surface Electromyographic Responses During Rest on Mattresses with Different Firmness Levels in Adults with Normal BMI.

Mattress firmness is a critical factor influencing sleep quality. This study investigates the effects of time, mattress firmness, and anthropometric parameters on surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity during supine rest. Eleven participants were analyzed, and the values for lower back sEMG on three mattresses were measured as 8.

Attosecond-precision timing jitter measurement based on temporal sampling method.

We propose a timing jitter measurement scheme based on the temporal sampling method. This scheme offers a wide dynamic range and high measurement accuracy for measuring timing jitter between pulses, allowing for attosecond precision in measuring timing jitter of ultrashort pulses with short and long pulse duration. By utilizing a balanced measuring configuration, this scheme is naturally immune to the environmental and laser amplitude noises, and has been successfully used to measure timing jitter of two femtosecond pulses.

Fatigue and damage evolution in wood T-shaped mortise and tenon joints.

Mortise and tenon joint is a key connecting component in timber-framed architecture. Accurately assessing the damage to joints is crucial for the structural design of wooden buildings. This study conducted fatigue tests at three stress levels (70%, 100%, and 130%) based on the maximum stress from static bending tests to analyze the impact of different stress levels on the fatigue performance of mortise and tenon joints.

Depression and the Risk of Dementia and All-Cause Mortality Among Japanese Older Adults: A 9-Year Longitudinal Study From JAGES.

Background: This study aims to investigate the association and dose-response relationship between depression, dementia, and all-cause mortality based on a national cohort study of older adults in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study of 44,546 participants ≥65 years from 2010-2019 Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Study. The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was used to assess depressive symptoms and the long-term care insurance was used to assess dementia.

Associations of dietary linoleic acid and alpha linolenic acid intake with cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortalities in patients with diabetes: NHANES 1999-2008.

Objective: To investigate the association between the dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA) and alpha linolenic acid (ALA) with mortality outcomes in patients with diabetes.

Participants: 3,112 U.S.

Navigating Hurdles: A Review of the Obstacles Facing the Development of the Pandemic Treaty.

Introduction: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has served as a call for enhanced global cooperation and a more robust pandemic preparedness and response framework. As a result of this pressing demand, dialogues were initiated to establish a pandemic treaty designed to foster a synchronized global strategy for addressing forthcoming health emergencies. In this review, we discussed the main obstacles to this treaty.

Mechanistic insight on water dissociation on pristine low-index TiO surfaces from machine learning molecular dynamics simulations.

Water adsorption and dissociation processes on pristine low-index TiO interfaces are important but poorly understood outside the well-studied anatase (101) and rutile (110). To understand these, we construct three sets of machine learning potentials that are simultaneously applicable to various TiO surfaces, based on three density-functional-theory approximations. Here we show the water dissociation free energies on seven pristine TiO surfaces, and predict that anatase (100), anatase (110), rutile (001), and rutile (011) favor water dissociation, anatase (101) and rutile (100) have mostly molecular adsorption, while the simulations of rutile (110) sensitively depend on the slab thickness and molecular adsorption is preferred with thick slabs.

Association between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults: NHANES 2003-2007.

Objectives: between android fat mass and gynoid fat mass with the mortality prediction is still limited. Current study analyzed the NHANES database to investigate the relationship between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and CVD, with all-cause mortality.

Method: The study subjects were NHANES participants over 20 years old, two indicators of regional body composition, android fat and gynoid fat were measured by Dual Energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA).

Ambient PM, ozone and mortality in Chinese older adults: A nationwide cohort analysis (2005-2018).

Background: Cohort evidence linking long-term survival with exposure to multiple air pollutants (e.g., fine particulate matter [PM] and ozone) was extensively sparse in low- and middle-income countries, especially among older adults.

Tracking cubic ice at molecular resolution.

Ice is present everywhere on Earth and has an essential role in several areas, such as cloud physics, climate change and cryopreservation. The role of ice is determined by its formation behaviour and associated structure. However, these are not fully understood.

Arm Circumference, Arm-to-Waist Ratio in Relation to Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

Among patients with diabetes mellitus, limited studies have investigated the relationship between anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with all-cause mortality. We examined the associations of arm circumference (AC), arm-to-waist ratio (AC/WC), and CVD, with all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes. This is a cohort study of 5497 diabetic individuals aged 20 or over who were recruited in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014.

Association of Beta-2 Microglobulin with Stroke and All-Cause Mortality in Adults Aged ≥40 in U.S.: NHANES III.

Background: Stroke is the predominant cause of death worldwide. We aimed to investigate the association of serum beta-2 microglobulin ( 2M) concentrations with risk of stroke and all-cause mortalities in a cohort study.

Methods: Overall, 4914 U.

Associations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes: Result from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008.

Introduction: The evidence on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake status and long-term mortality among people with diabetes is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EPA and DHA intakes with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults with diabetes.

Methods: This study included 2,991 adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008.

Associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

The effect of serum lycopene on the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their longevity remains a controversial topic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with CVD and all-cause mortality in the American population. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a large population survey to investigate public health in the US.

Association of Blood Urea Nitrogen with Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in USA Adults: Results from NHANES 1999-2006.

In the general population, there is little evidence of a link between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and long-term mortality. The goal of this study was to explore whether higher BUN concentration is a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. From 1999 to 2006, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) included 17,719 adult individuals.