Establishment of a latex immunochromatography for detecting bovine early pregnancy-related glycoproteins.

Early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cows is an important part of the production processes. Accurate early pregnancy diagnosis can help veterinarians identify open cow as soon as possible and carry out the second breeding earlier, which is of great significance for improving reproductive efficiency of dairy cow. In this study, a rapid immunochromatography based on latex microspheres for detecting pregnancy-related glycoprotein (PAG) was established with two monoclonal antibodies.

Rapid and accurate multi-phenotype imputation for millions of individuals.

Deep phenotyping can enhance the power of genetic analysis, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but the occurrence of missing phenotypes compromises the potential of such resources. Although many phenotypic imputation methods have been developed, the accurate imputation of millions of individuals remains challenging. In the present study, we have developed a multi-phenotype imputation method based on mixed fast random forest (PIXANT) by leveraging efficient machine learning (ML)-based algorithms.

[Visualization analysis of predictive model of acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis by online dynamic nomogram: research on development and validation of application].

Objective: To explore the risk factors of septic acute kidney injury (sAKI) in patients with sepsis, construct a predictive model for sAKI, verify the predictive value of the model, and develop a dynamic nomogram to help clinical doctors identify patients with high-risk sAKI earlier and more easily.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 245 patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from May 2013 to November 2023 were enrolled as the research subjects.

Ensemble learning for integrative prediction of genetic values with genomic variants.

Background: Whole genome variants offer sufficient information for genetic prediction of human disease risk, and prediction of animal and plant breeding values. Many sophisticated statistical methods have been developed for enhancing the predictive ability. However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, so far, no one method can beat others.

Tumor risks of finerenone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

This study aimed to assess the tumor risk of finerenone in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) aggravated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). A thorough search in the OVID Medline, OVID EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from their creation through 2 November 2022 yielded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on the tumor risks of finerenone in patients with T2DM complicated with CKD. A pair of reviewers selected the relevant studies based on selection criteria, collected data, and assessed the methodological quality of eligible RCTs.

Meta-Analysis and Network Analysis Differentially Detect Various Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the Elderly.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a pathophysiological component that includes inflammation. Inflammation-sensitive marker measurement may be helpful in determining the risk of complications for both older T2D patients and the public. This study aimed to investigate the association between blood pro-inflammatory mediators and the characteristics of elderly patients with T2D using meta and network analyses.

Experimental Study of Energy Evolution at a Discontinuity in Rock under Cyclic Loading and Unloading.

Energy is often dissipated and released in the process of rock deformation and failure. To study the energy evolution of rock discontinuities under cyclic loading and unloading, cement mortar was used as rock material and a CSS-1950 rock biaxial rheological testing machine was used to conduct graded cyclic loading and unloading tests on Barton's standard profile line discontinuities with different joint roughness coefficients (JRCs). According to the deformation characteristics of the rock discontinuity sample, the change of internal energy is calculated and analyzed.

Pyrene-based sulfonated organic porous materials for rapid adsorption of cationic dyes in water.

Porous organic polymers (POP) have gained attention because of their high specific surface area, porosity and their simplicity in synthesis, but for the most part, they are hydrophobic because of their organic backbone, making it difficult to expand their applications. Here, we have obtained poly(pyrene) porous organic polymers (PyPOP) through the polymerization of pyrene monomers catalysed by aluminium trichloride, which is a simple and inexpensive synthesis method. The sulfonated poly(pyrene) porous organic polymers (PyPOP-SOH) obtained showed rapid adsorption of cationic dyes, especially malachite green (MG adsorption 1607 mg/g) and methylene blue (MB adsorption 1220 mg/g) in pH = 7 aqueous solution, room temperature.

Targeting Cpt1a-Bcl-2 interaction modulates apoptosis resistance and fibrotic remodeling.

The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) regulates metabolic reprogramming in lung macrophages and the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrosis progression is associated with apoptosis resistance in lung macrophages; however, the mechanism(s) by which apoptosis resistance occurs is poorly understood. Here, we found a marked increase in mitochondrial B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in lung macrophages from subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Post-translational regulation of PGC-1α modulates fibrotic repair.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) are important for cell homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Here, we show that IPF BAL cells exhibited increased mitochondrial biogenesis that is, in part, due to increased nuclear expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ɣ (PPARɣ) coactivator (PGC)-1α.

NOX4 regulates macrophage apoptosis resistance to induce fibrotic progression.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease often occurring secondary to environmental exposure. Asbestos exposure is an important environmental mediator of lung fibrosis and remains a significant cause of disease despite strict regulations to limit exposure. Lung macrophages play an integral role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis induced by asbestos (asbestosis), in part by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoting resistance to apoptosis.

Cadmium-mediated lung injury is exacerbated by the persistence of classically activated macrophages.

Heavy metals released into the environment have a significant effect on respiratory health. Lung macrophages are important in mounting an inflammatory response to injury, but they are also involved in repair of injury. Macrophages develop mixed phenotypes in complex pathological conditions and polarize to a predominant phenotype depending on the duration and stage of injury and/or repair.

Effects of Simulation-Based Deliberate Practice on Nursing Students' Communication, Empathy, and Self-Efficacy.

Background: Newly graduated nurses' communication ability often does not satisfy the needs of clinical sites. New training pedagogies are needed to help nursing students improve communication skills. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of simulation-based deliberate practice on cultivating nursing students' communication, empathy, and self-efficacy.

Evaluation of Genomic Selection for Seven Economic Traits in Yellow Drum (Nibea albiflora).

Yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) is an important maricultural fish in China, and genetic improvement is necessary for this species. This research evaluated the application of genomic selection methods to predict the genetic values of seven economic traits for yellow drum. Using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we estimated the genetic parameters for seven traits, including body length (BL), swimming bladder index (SBI), swimming bladder weight (SBW), body thickness (BT), body height (BH), body length/body height ratio (LHR), and gonad weight index (GWI).

Mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulates PGC-1α expression to mediate metabolic reprogramming in pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with an increased mortality. Metabolic reprogramming has a critical role in multiple chronic diseases. Lung macrophages expressing the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) have a critical role in fibrotic repair, but the contribution of MCU in macrophage metabolism is not known.

NOX4 modulates macrophage phenotype and mitochondrial biogenesis in asbestosis.

Macrophage activation is implicated in the development of pulmonary fibrosis by generation of profibrotic molecules. Although NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is known to contribute to pulmonary fibrosis, its effects on macrophage activation and mitochondrial redox signaling are unclear. Here, we show that NOX4 is crucial for lung macrophage profibrotic polarization and fibrotic repair after asbestos exposure.

Short-term and long-term prognostic value of circulating soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 concentration in acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Higher circulating soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) concentration is suggested as a marker of prognosis in many cardiovascular diseases. However, the short-term and long-term prognostic value of sST2 concentration in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains to be summarized. A meta-analysis of follow-up studies was performed.

Exosome Biogenesis and Biological Function in Response to Viral Infections.

Introduction: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that originate as intraluminal vesicles during the process of multivescular body formation. Exosomes mediate intercellular transfer of functional proteins, lipids, and RNAs. The investigation into the formation and role of exosomes in viral infections is still being elucidated.

Pathogens and Their Effect on Exosome Biogenesis and Composition.

Exosomes are nanosized membrane microvesicles (30⁻100 nm) that have the capability to communicate intercellularly and transport cell components (i.e., miRNA, mRNA, proteins and DNA).

Macrophage Rac2 Is Required to Reduce the Severity of Cigarette Smoke-induced Pneumonia.

Rationale: Cigarette smoking is prevalent in the United States and is the leading cause of preventable diseases. A prominent complication of smoking is an increase in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Although LRTIs are known to be increased in subjects that smoke, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs is poorly understood.

H7N9 virulent mutants detected in chickens in China pose an increased threat to humans.

Certain low pathogenic avian influenza viruses can mutate to highly pathogenic viruses when they circulate in domestic poultry, at which point they can cause devastating poultry diseases and severe economic damage. The H7N9 influenza viruses that emerged in 2013 in China had caused severe human infections and deaths. However, these viruses were nonlethal in poultry.

Annexin A2 (ANXA2) interacts with nonstructural protein 1 and promotes the replication of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus.

Background: Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a multifunctional protein and a crucial regulatory factor in the replication and pathogenesis of avian influenza virus (AIV). Studies have shown that NS1 can interact with a variety of host proteins to modulate the viral life cycle. We previously generated a monoclonal antibody against NS1 protein; In the current research study, using this antibody, we immunoprecipitated host proteins that interact with NS1 to better understand the roles played by NS1 in communications between virus and host.

Role of TIM-4 in exosome-dependent entry of HIV-1 into human immune cells.

Exosomes, 30-200 nm nanostructures secreted from donor cells and internalized by recipient cells, can play an important role in the cellular entry of some viruses. These microvesicles are actively secreted into various body fluids, including blood, urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and breast milk. We successfully isolated exosomes from human breast milk and plasma.