Integrated Analysis of Volatile Metabolites in Rose Varieties: Effects of Cultivar Differences and Drying Temperatures on Flavor Profiles.

Background: Rose processing faces critical challenges in preserving bioactive compounds and aroma profiles during thermal treatments, particularly given the growing demand for natural ingredients in the food and cosmetic industries.

Methods: Using widely targeted metabolomics, we first characterized volatile profiles of four major commercial cultivars (Hetian, Damask, Bulgarian, and Fenghua; = 6 replicates per cultivar), identifying terpenoids as dominant components ( < 0.05).

Ap-Vas1 distribution unveils new insights into germline development in the parthenogenetic and viviparous pea aphid: from germ-plasm assembly to germ-cell clustering.

Targeting the distribution of germ-cell markers is a widely used strategy for investigating germline development in animals. Among these markers, the () orthologues, which encode ATP-dependent RNA helicases, are highly conserved. Previous studies have examined asexual (parthenogenetic) and viviparous embryos of the pea aphid using a cross-reacting Vas antibody.

Successive structural optimization of Ziritaxestat culminates in the discovery of orally bioavailable and in vivo potent imidazothiadiazole derivative for treating ATX-driven diseases.

Herein, we communicate our medicinal chemistry campaign culminating in the discovery of imidazothiadiazole-based ATX inhibitor with oral bioavailability and potent in vivo efficacy. During our successive structural modification of Ziritaxestat, an ATX inhibitor advanced into phase III clinical trial, a total of 25 analogs have been designed and synthesized for improving its potency. Among them, 9 compounds exhibited single-digit nanomolar ATX inhibitory activity (IC = 2.

Research on prediction method of well logging reservoir parameters based on Multi-TransFKAN model.

Accurate prediction of reservoir parameters is crucial for enhancing oil exploration efficiency and resource utilization. Although existing deep learning methods have made some progress in reservoir parameter prediction, they still face accuracy limitations in multi-task prediction. Additionally, the black-box nature of these models limits their interpretability, impacting trust and acceptance in practical applications.

Propensity score-matched analysis of risk factors for prolonged postoperative ileus after TME in rectal cancer.

Background: Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a common complication following total mesorectal excision. Early detection and prompt intervention are crucial for the treatment of rectal cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study.

Dynamic heterogeneity towards drug resistance in AML cells is primarily driven by epigenomic mechanism unveiled by multi-omics analysis.

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by aggressive proliferation and chemoresistance, leading to poor patient outcomes. Despite advances in chemotherapy, resistance mechanisms remain inadequately understood, particularly at the cellular and molecular level.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance in AML cells.

Increased body mass index may have more happiness, life satisfaction, and self-rated health in the aging process: A 10-year longitudinal study.

Understanding intricate relationships among various determinants of overall well-being is crucial for promoting healthy aging. The body mass index (BMI), happiness, life satisfaction, and self-rated health are key indicators of well-being in older adults. However, the dynamic interplay among these factors and the BMI was previously unclear.

Identification of nonfunctional CABS1 causing fertilization failure and male infertility in humans: a case report.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify new genes associated with total fertilization failure (TFF) by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on a patient presenting with TFF by ICSI. To assess the spermatozoa's morphology and ultrastructure, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed.

Analysing protein complexes in plant science: insights and limitation with AlphaFold 3.

AlphaFold 3 (AF3), an artificial intelligence (AI)-based software for protein complex structure prediction, represents a significant advancement in structural biology. Its flexibility and enhanced scalability have unlocked new applications in various fields, specifically in plant science, including improving crop resilience and predicting the structures of plant-specific proteins involved in stress responses, signalling pathways, and immune responses. Comparisons with existing tools, such as ClusPro and AlphaPulldown, highlight AF3's unique strengths in sequence-based interaction predictions and its greater adaptability to various biomolecular structures.

Expert consensus on cancer treatment-related lung injury.

Background: Although advancements in cancer therapies have substantially improved the survival of cancer patients, these treatments may also result in acute or chronic lung injury. Cancer treatment-related lung injury (CTLI) presents with a diverse array of clinical manifestations and can involve multiple sites. Due to the lack of specific diagnostic protocols, CTLI can deteriorate rapidly and may be life-threatening if not promptly addressed.

Enhanced intelligent train operation algorithms for metro train based on expert system and deep reinforcement learning.

In recent decades, automatic train operation (ATO) systems have been gradually adopted by many metro systems, primarily due to their cost-effectiveness and practicality. However, a critical examination reveals computational constraints, adaptability to unforeseen conditions and multi-objective balancing that our research aims to address. In this paper, expert knowledge is combined with deep reinforcement learning algorithm (Proximal Policy Optimization, PPO) and two enhanced intelligent train operation algorithms (EITO) are proposed.

Race, diabetes, and cognitive function: a cross-sectional analysis of intersecting disparities in the NHANES cohort.

Background: Cognitive impairment poses a considerable challenge to public health systems worldwide, and its severity often varies depending on racial disparities. Diabetes, a prevalent chronic disease, is also known to adversely affect cognitive function. However, the interaction between race and diabetes in influencing cognitive function has not been well defined.

Synergistic Provoking of Pyroptosis and STING Pathway by Multifunctional Manganese-Polydopamine Nano-Immunomodulator for Enhanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Immunotherapy.

Manganese ions are known to enhance anti-tumor immunity by activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. However, precise modulation of the tumor microenvironment using manganese ions remains a challenge. Dopamine, with its controlled release properties within the tumor microenvironment, offers significant potential for precision drug delivery systems.

Multiple CRISPR zones-driven ultrasensitive detection of DNA via CRISPR-Cas12a and ligation-rolling circle amplification.

The ability to detect specific DNA, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs), with high sensitivity is essential for advancing genetic research, diagnostics, and personalized medicine. This study presents a novel method for ultrasensitive DNA detection, combining ligation-rolling circle amplification (L-RCA) with CRISPR-Cas12a. While L-RCA systems have been widely used for nucleic acid detection, the sensitivity of conventional L-RCA generally reaches approximately 100 pM.

hiPSC-neurons recapitulate the subtype-specific cell intrinsic nature of susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease-relevant aggregation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation and spread of Tau intraneuronal inclusions throughout most of the telencephalon, leaving hindbrain regions like the cerebellum and spinal cord largely spared. These neuropathological observations, along with the identification of specific vulnerable sub-populations from AD brain-derived single nuclei transcriptomics, suggest that a subset of brain regions and neuronal subtypes possess a selective vulnerability to Tau pathology. Given the inability to culture neurons from patient brains, a disease-relevant in vitro model which recapitulates these features would serve as a critical tool to validate modulators of vulnerability and resilience.

Xanthouhumol relieves stress-induced depressive-like behaviors through the Sirt1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Rationale: Depression is a complicated neuropsychiatric disorder with multifactorial etiology, involving alterations in behavior, neuroinflammatory processes, and oxidative homeostasis. Chronic stress disrupts synaptic plasticity and promotes neuroinflammation and redox imbalance, with pronounced effects in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated flavonoid, has demonstrated neuroprotective properties; however, its therapeutic potential in the context of stress-induced depression has not been fully exploited.

Glaucoma Patient Perspectives on Effective Coaching for Self-Management.

Prcis: In semistructured exit interviews, participants in a personalized glaucoma coaching program reported improved self-efficacy in managing their disease. Coaching was frequently cited as catalyst to enhancing medication adherence, emphasizing its role in team-based care.

Purpose: To assess patients' experience with coaching to motivate improved adherence to glaucoma self-management.

Comparison of the effectiveness of alectinib versus crizotinib followed by alectinib in patients with ALK-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in real-world setting and in the ALEX study.

Background: Alectinib has been established as a standard of care for patients with treatment-naive anaplastic lymphoma kinase-rearranged (ALK-positive) advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, it has rarely been compared with the sequential approach (crizotinib followed by alectinib) in China. This study aimed to compare real-world alectinib upfront data with either real-world sequential approach data or clinical trial first-line alectinib data.

Methods: The patients who received alectinib in the real-world setting were monitored from August 2016 to November 2020.

Pharmacodynamic Effect of Different Dosage Regimes of Oseltamivir in Severe Influenza Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: This randomised controlled trial evaluated whether higher doses of oseltamivir would improve virological and clinical outcomes in severe influenza patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Forty intubated adult patients with severe influenza A or B from four intensive care units in Hong Kong were enrolled and randomised to receive either a double dose (300 mg/day) or a triple dose (450 mg/day) of oseltamivir for 10 days. Baseline data were collected, and outcomes were assessed daily using SOFA and Murray scores.

Hydroxytyrosol Inhibits BPS-Induced NF-κB Signaling Pathway Activation, Mitigates Oxidative Stress, and Reduces Neuronal Apoptosis.

Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a primary phenolic compound in olive oil, exhibits antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects in various cell types, including cardiomyocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Contrastingly, bisphenol S (BPS) is known to induce apoptosis in myocardial and endothelial cells via oxidative stress. BPS increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reduces the viability of hippocampal HT22 cells.

Evidence for Building an Integrated Dementia Healthcare System: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Proponents of integrated healthcare systems suggest that such system can improve healthcare experience for individuals with dementia by amalgamating personal and structured resources.

Methods: We assessed systematically available evidence on the current state of integrated healthcare systems viewed in terms of different levels and dimensions of integration, emphasizing multiple stakeholders' simultaneous perspectives. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they (1) evaluated a health system, (2) adopted a network or integrated care model, (3) cared for individuals with dementia, and (4) provided real-world data.

An Interlayer Anchored NiMo/MoO Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis at High Current Density.

Noble metal-free electrodes for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEM-WE) operating at high current densities are critical for sustainable hydrogen production. However, the massive amount of bubbles resulted in insufficient mass transfer and unevenly distributed local stress, which poses a major challenge in designing an efficient and robust hydrogen evolution catalyst. Herein, a facile chemical corrosion method is developed to synthesize an interlayer-anchored NiMo/MoO catalyst on a nickel foam (NF) substrate (NiMo/Int/NF) with high hydrogen evolution activity (overpotential of 80.