Enhancing photoredox catalysis by suppressing back electron transfer with the aid of a spin catalyst.

While organic dye-based photoredox catalysis provides a sustainable platform for inert bond activation, its efficiency remains limited by detrimental back electron transfer (BET) processes. Herein, we present a spin catalysis strategy that addresses this challenge by manipulating the spin kinetics of radical ion pairs (RIPs) using Gd-DOTA as a spin catalyst. In photocatalytic hydrodechlorination of methyl 4-chlorobenzoate, this approach achieved a remarkable spin catalysis effect (SCE) of 70%, accompanied by a 25-fold acceleration in reaction kinetics (65% conversion in 25 min 640 min without spin catalyst).

A Review on the Application of Biosensors for Monitoring Emerging Contaminants in the Water Environment.

Due to the frequent occurrence and elevated concentrations of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water environments, as well as their high toxicity, these compounds have become a growing concern, threatening water safety, human health, and environmental health. Stricter regulations and routine monitoring are required to control EC pollution in water. Analytical chemistry-based techniques are the most widely used approach for quantifying ECs in environmental samples.

High-Curvature Interfaces Induce Nondegenerate Splitting of -Orbital Energy Levels for Enhanced Catalytic Activity.

The construction of hierarchical pores, especially mesopores, usually leads to abundant interfaces with high curvature, while the recognition of the impact of interface curvature upon intrinsic reactivity is yet limited. In this work, a large number of high-curvature interfaces were identified in the as-synthesized mesoporous catalysts (Cu/Ni-MNC-T, MNC = mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon) through advanced three-dimensional reconstruction technologies. It was further confirmed that high-curvature interfaces can induce nondegenerate splitting of -orbital energy levels in the affixing metal sites.

Deciphering the N-substituent effects on biodegradation of sulfonamides: Novel insights revealed from molecular biology and computational chemistry approaches.

Elucidating biodegradation mechanisms and predicting pollutant reactivities are essential for advancing the application of biodegradation engineering to address the challenge of thousands of emerging contaminants. Molecular biology and computational chemistry are powerful tools for this purpose, enabling the investigation of biochemical reactions at both the gene and atomic levels. This study employs the biodegradation of ten sulfonamide antibiotics as a case study to demonstrate the integration of genomics and quantum chemistry approaches in exploring the biodegradation behavior of emerging contaminants.

Re-Parameterization After Pruning: Lightweight Algorithm Based on UAV Remote Sensing Target Detection.

Lightweight object detection algorithms play a paramount role in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) remote sensing. However, UAV remote sensing requires target detection algorithms to have higher inference speeds and greater accuracy in detection. At present, most lightweight object detection algorithms have achieved fast inference speed, but their detection precision is not satisfactory.

Profiling trace organic chemical biotransformation genes, enzymes and associated bacteria in microbial model communities.

Microbial biotransformation of trace organic chemicals (TOrCs) is an essential process in wastewater treatment to eliminate environmental pollution. Understanding TOrC biotransformation mechanisms, especially at their original concentrations, is important to optimize treatment performance, whereas our current knowledge is limited. Here, we investigated the biotransformation of seven TOrCs by 24 model communities.

Mechanisms and influencing factors of horizontal gene transfer in composting system: A review.

Organic solid wastes such as livestock manure and sewage sludge are important sources and repositories of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Composting, a solid waste treatment technology, has demonstrated efficacy in degrading various antibiotics and reducing ARGs. However, some recalcitrant ARGs (e.

Bacterial assembly and succession patterns in conventional and advanced drinking water systems: From source to tap.

Bacteria are pivotal to drinking water treatment and public health. However, the mechanisms of bacterial assembly and their impact on species coexistence remain largely unexplored. This study explored the assembly and succession of bacterial communities in two full-scale drinking water systems over one year.

Error Compensation Method for Pedestrian Navigation System Based on Low-Cost Inertial Sensor Array.

In the pedestrian navigation system, researchers have reduced measurement errors and improved system navigation performance by fusing measurements from multiple low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) arrays. Unfortunately, the current data fusion methods for inertial sensor arrays ignore the system error compensation of individual IMUs and the correction of position information in the zero-velocity interval. Therefore, these methods cannot effectively reduce errors and improve accuracy.

Establishment of microbial model communities capable of removing trace organic chemicals for biotransformation mechanisms research.

Background: Removal of trace organic chemicals (TOrCs) in aquatic environments has been intensively studied. Some members of natural microbial communities play a vital role in transforming chemical contaminants, however, complex microbial interactions impede us from gaining adequate understanding of TOrC biotransformation mechanisms. To simplify, in this study, we propose a strategy of establishing reduced-richness model communities capable of removing diverse TOrCs via pre-adaptation and dilution-to-extinction.

Oat β-D-glucan ameliorates type II diabetes through TLR4/PI3K/AKT mediated metabolic axis.

Diabetes is one of the major global public health problems. Our previous results found that oat β-D-glucan exhibited ameliorative effects on diabetic mice, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study indicates that oat β-D-glucan increased glycogen content, decreased glycogen synthase (GS) phosphorylation and increased hepatic glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) phosphorylation for glycogen synthesis via PI3K/AKT/GSK3-mediated GS activation.

High-efficiency biodegradation of chloramphenicol by enriched bacterial consortia: Kinetics study and bacterial community characterization.

The risk of environmental pollution caused by chloramphenicol has necessitated special attention. Biodegradation has tremendous potential for chloramphenicol removal in the environment. Six chloramphenicol-degrading consortia were acclimated under different culture conditions to investigate their chloramphenicol biodegradation behaviors, and the bacterial community structures were comprehensively characterized.

The regulatory role of microRNA-mRNA co-expression in hepatitis B virus-associated acute liver failure.

Introduction And Objectives: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a dramatic disorder requiring intensive care. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play important roles in ALF. This study was performed to identify miRNA-mRNA co-expression network after ALF to investigate the molecule mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ALF.

Genomic characterization, kinetics, and pathways of sulfamethazine biodegradation by Paenarthrobacter sp. A01.

Biodegradation is an important route for the removal of sulfamethazine (SMZ), one of the most commonly used sulfonamide antibiotics, in the environment. However, little information is known about the kinetics, products, and pathways of SMZ biodegradation owing to the complexity of its enzyme-based biotransformation processes. In this study, the SMZ-degrading strain A01 belonging to the genus Paenarthrobacter was isolated from SMZ-enriched activated sludge reactors.

Draft genome sequence of Xenophilus sp. E41 isolated from an activated sludge reactor treating wastewater with high cephalexin concentration.

Objectives: This study reports the draft genome sequence of Xenophilus sp. E41, a strain resistant to multiple antimicrobials isolated from an activated sludge reactor treating wastewater with a high cephalexin concentration.

Methods: Genomic DNA of Xenophilus sp.

[Analysis of the factors influencing the response of the skin to audio signals].

Skin-hearing aid is a new type of electronic product, which can improve hearing for deaf patients. It is different from audiphones and cochlear implant. The instrument makes use of the effect of the skin response to audio signals.