Interaction Mechanism Between Andrographolide and α-Glucosidase: Multispectroscopy and Molecular Docking Analyses.

Relevant studies have demonstrated that α-glucosidase represents a crucial target for diabetes treatment, and andrographolide (AO) exhibits notable inhibitory activity against this enzyme. In this research, the interaction mechanism between AO and α-glucosidase was investigated using UV-Vis, fluorescence analysis, FT-IR, circular dichroism (CD), and molecular docking techniques. AO induced static quenching of the fluorescent groups in α-glucosidase through a spontaneous reaction process (ΔG < 0), primarily driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces at a single binding site.

MRI-based habitat analysis for Intratumoral heterogeneity quantification combined with deep learning for HER2 status prediction in breast cancer.

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a crucial determinant of breast cancer prognosis and treatment options. The study aimed to establish an MRI-based habitat model to quantify intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and evaluate its potential in predicting HER2 expression status.

Methods: Data from 340 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed.

[Remediation of Antimony-polluted Soil Using Iron Sulfide-modified Biochar and Stability Assessment After Remediation].

To investigate the remediation effects and mechanisms of iron sulfide-modified biochar （FeS-BC） on polluted soil surrounding an antimony smelting plant, soil from around a decommissioned antimony smelting plant in the Qinglong County, Guizhou Province, was used as the research subject. Through soil cultivation experiments, the effects of raw biochar （BC） and iron sulfide-modified biochar （FeS-BC） on the leaching toxicity, bioavailability, and speciation of antimony （Sb） in the soil were compared. The results showed that with an FeS∶BC mass ratio of 1∶5 and an addition rate of 7%, the average stabilization efficiency of Sb in soils with varying degrees of Sb pollution （G1-G6） reached 66.

Application of MRI-based tumor heterogeneity analysis for identification and pathologic staging of breast phyllodes tumors.

Objective: To explore the application value of MRI-based imaging histology and deep learning model in the identification and classification of breast phyllodes tumors.

Methods: Seventy-seven patients diagnosed as breast phyllodes tumors and fibroadenomas by pathological examination were retrospectively analyzed, and traditional radiomics features, subregion radiomics features, and deep learning features were extracted from MRI images, respectively. The features were screened and modeled using variance selection method, statistical test, random forest importance ranking method, Spearman correlation analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO).

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Background And Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the range of current clinical treatments is not ideal. We previously found that polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is beneficial in DSS-induced colitis, and we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms in this study.

Experimental Approach: PAMK was used to treat DSS-induced colitis in mice, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was used to detect changes in the intestinal microbiota, targeted metabolomics analysis was used to determine the content of tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria, and western blotting was used to determine aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) levels.

Noninvasive Evaluation of Acupuncture-Induced Cortical Plasticity in Advanced Rehabilitation of Facial Paralysis.

Objective: Facial paralysis (FP), which resulted from head and neck cancer resection, significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Traditional assessments rely on subjective evaluations and electromyography, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging offers a noninvasive alternative for enhanced rehabilitation. Acupuncture has shown promise in promoting cerebral cortex reorganization, yet the precise relationship between acupuncture-induced structural and functional changes remains unclear, necessitating further investigation into therapeutic mechanisms.

Enhancing the water-resistance of MOF-199 film through incorporation of microporous organic networks for solid-phase microextraction of BTEX in aqueous environments with improved efficiency.

Background: The practical application of moisture sensitive metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in extraction technology faces challenges related to competitive adsorption and water stability. The target analytes cannot be effectively extracted under humid conditions due to the competitive moisture adsorption and/or framework structure collapse of MOFs. In this study, the microporous organic networks (MONs) were synthesized through Sonogashira coupling reaction to use for hydrophobic modification on the surface of MOF-199.

Two-Dimensional Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheets Derived from g-CN /ZIF-8 for Solid-Phase Microextraction in Exhalation of Esophageal Cancer Patients.

Here, two-dimensional (2D) nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (CNSs) were prepared through carbonizing MOFs (ZIF-8) in-situ grown using graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) as a template. The developed ZIF-8 CNS was then used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating for beneficiation of five biomarkers in exhalation of patients with esophageal cancer and in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for determination. The ZIF-8 CNS fiber exhibits satisfactory enrichment factors (3490-5631), wide linearity (5-1000 μg L), and low detection limits (0.

The value of serum TRAP1 in diagnosing small cell lung cancer and tumor immunity.

This study set out to investigate the clinical significance of serum tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) in diagnosing small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with different clinical stages, and to compare the diagnostic efficiency with neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Besides, to analyze the role of serum TRAP1 in tumor immunity. A total of 91 patients with SCLC, 99 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 102 patients with pulmonary nodules (PN), and 75 healthy people were included.

2,4-Decadienoic Acid, a Novel Anti-Oomycete Agent from Coculture of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma asperellum.

Phytophthora nicotianae is an oomycete pathogen of global significance threatening many important crops. It is mainly controlled by chemosynthetic fungicides, which endangers ecosystem and human health; thus, there is an urgent need to explore alternatives for these fungicides. In this study, a new anti-oomycete aliphatic compound, 2,4decadienoic acid (DDA), was obtained through coculture of Bacillus subtilis Tpb55 and Trichoderma asperellum HG1.

Transcriptome Analysis of Apples in High-Temperature Treatments Reveals a Role of MdLBD37 in the Inhibition of Anthocyanin Accumulation.

Coloring in apple fruit due to anthocyanin accumulation is inhibited by high temperature; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents were determined and compared between cv. 'Redchief Delicious' apple fruits at 25 °C and 35 °C treatments.

Immune Dysfunctions of CD56 NK Cells Are Associated With HIV-1 Disease Progression.

Background: Populations of natural killer cells lacking CD56 expression [CD56 natural killer (NK) cells] have been demonstrated to expand during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. However, their phenotypic and functional characteristics have not been systematically analyzed, and their roles during disease progression remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, 84 donors, namely 34 treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected patients (TNs), 29 HIV-1-infected patients with successful antiretroviral therapy (ARTs), and 21 healthy controls (HCs), were enrolled.

Hybrid ZIF-8-90 for Selective Solid-Phase Microextraction of Exhaled Breath from Gastric Cancer Patients.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new kind of microporous materials whose unique properties make them promising as coatings for solid phase microextraction (SPME). However, previous MOF coatings for SPME exclusively focus on single-linker MOFs, and the selective enrichment of polar or nonpolar targets depends on the polarity of linker on the surface of MOFs, which greatly limits the application of MOF coating for SPME in real samples. Here, we report a hybrid MOF-coated stainless steel fiber for SPME of biomarkers in exhaled breath from gastric cancer patients.

Hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework-7 coated stainless steel fiber for solid phase microextraction of volatile biomarkers in headspace gas of breast cancer cell lines.

In this work, we reported the preparation of the hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework-7 (ZIF-7) via etching ZIF-7 with tannic acid, and further fabricated the hollow ZIF-7 coated fiber for the solid phase microextraction (SPME) of the five volatile biomarkers (acetone, isopropanol, hexanal, hexanol and decanal) generated from breast cancer cell lines. The hollow structure not only endowed higher extraction performance for the SPME of analytes, but also improved the diffusion rate of the analytes inside the hollow ZIF-7. Under the optimal conditions, the hollow ZIF-7 coated fiber offered high extraction capacity (25-153 mg g) and enhancement factors (EFs, 2023-11250) for the five biomarkers, good linearity (R > 0.

LncRNA MEG8 plays an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma progression through miR-367-3p/14-3-3ζ/TGFβR1 axis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and it carries a poor prognosis. Clarifying the pathologic mechanisms of this disease will be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. LncRNA MEG8 is involved in several tumors but its role in HCC progression remains unknown.

[Efficacy and mechanism of electroacupuncture on insulin resistant polycystic ovary syndrome].

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and partial mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) for patients with insulin resistance (IR) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: Seventy patients with IR-PCOS were randomly divided into an EA group (36 cases, 5 cases dropped off) and a medication group (34 cases, 4 cases dropped off). The patients in the medication group were treated with oral administration of metformin hydrochloride, 500 mg each time, twice a day.

The interaction mechanism between fludarabine and human serum albumin researched by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique.

Fludarabine (Flu) is widely used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. HSA is of the essence to human, especially in blood circulation system. The interaction mechanism between Flu and HSA was studied by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique.

Metal-organic frameworks for the sorption of acetone and isopropanol in exhaled breath of diabetics prior to quantitation by gas chromatography.

A method is described for non-invasive glucose monitoring of diabetics by means of breath analysis. The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) ZIF-7, UiO-66 and MOF-5 were chosen as sorbents in packed tubes for sampling and preconcentration of acetone and isopropanol which are established diabetes biomarkers. The MOF UiO-66 was found to be the most appropriate sorbent.

Shikonin sensitizes wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells to erlotinib and gefitinib therapy.

As patients with non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and wild‑type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are resistant to treatment with erlotinib or gefitinib, potential chemosensitizers are required to potentiate wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells to erlotinib/gefitinib treatment. The present study reported that shikonin could sensitize the anticancer activity of erlotinib/gefitinib in wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells. Furthermore, shikonin could potentiate mitochondrial‑mediated apoptosis induced by erlotinib/gefitinib in wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells.

Evodiamine induces apoptosis and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell death induced by vorinostat via downregulating HIF-1α under hypoxia.

Hypoxia promotes HCC progression and therapy resistance, and there is no systemic treatment for HCC patients after sorafenib resistance. Thus, it is urgent to develop potential therapeutic regimens for HCC patients by targeting hypoxia signaling. In this study, we showed that evodiamine might be a potential therapeutic medicine for HCC by suppressing HIF-1α.

Scutellaria barbata D. Don inhibits colorectal cancer growth via suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the ethanol extract of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (EESB) on colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: In vivo experiment, CRC xenograft mouse model was constructed with injection of HT-29 cells.

Three-dimensional ordered mesoporous CoO enhanced by Pd for oxygen evolution reaction.

Considerable efforts have been devoted recently to design and fabrication of high performance and low cost electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, catalytic activity of current electrocatalysts is usually restricted by high onset potential and limited active sites. Herein, we fabricated three-dimensional (3D) highly ordered mesoporous Pd-CoO composite materials as excellent electrocatalysts for OER in alkaline solution with high activity and stability.

Epothilone B induces apoptosis and enhances apoptotic effects of ABT-737 on human cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Purpose: Epothilone B and its derivatives are tested in multiple clinical trials. Epothilone B induces neurotoxic effect in clinical trials; however, low-dose epothilone B regimen can promote neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Thus, the study of new combination chemotherapy regimen incorporating low-dose epothilone B with other chemotherapeutic agents might help to develop epothilone B-based approaches to cancer treatment and avoid the neurotoxicity of epothilone B.