Exploring the potential of photodynamic therapy in overcoming multidrug resistance: mechanisms, synergies, and clinical advancements in infectious diseases.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacterial and fungal pathogens poses a growing global health crisis, rendering many conventional antimicrobial therapies ineffective. The rise of MDR strains complicates treatment, prolongs illness, increases healthcare costs, and contributes to higher mortality rates. Mechanisms driving MDR include enzymatic drug inactivation, target modification, efflux pump activity, decreased permeability, and biofilm formation-often fueled by horizontal gene transfer and selective pressure from antimicrobial overuse.

Genome-wide analysis reveals expansion and structural rearrangements of the attacin gene family in saturniid silkmoths.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of insect immunity, yet the attacin gene family remains poorly studied in Saturniidae. Despite comprehensive functional studies on AMPs across various lepidopteran taxa, the attacin gene family remains insufficiently characterized in Antheraea assamensis (A. assamensis) and related saturniid silkmoths.

Low Colonisation Rate of Candida auris in Patients of Intensive Care Units: A Study From Central India.

Introduction Invasive candidiasis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. is a growing concern in healthcare settings, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), due to its rapid spread, limited treatment options, and high mortality risk, posing a substantial challenge for physicians. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of colonization in patients admitted to ICUs of a tertiary care centre in central India.

Long-term Prognosis in Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplant Recipients Who Have Survived the First Year of Surgery.

Background: Understanding long-term pediatric living donor liver transplant (LDLT) outcomes is crucial for families when consenting to it. This study focussed on pre-liver transplant (LT) clinical parameters, surgical procedures, delayed complications, follow-up challenges, and long-term prognosis within a living-donor program in a developing country.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study was carried out using a prospectively maintained database spanning from September 2006 to January 2023.

Evaluation of stable reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in Antheraea assamensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) during pathogenic infections.

Background: Gene expression profiling is vital for deciphering immune responses in insects, especially for genes involved in pathogen defense, stress adaptation, and immune regulation. The muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer (A. assamensis), a species of considerable economic and cultural significance in Northeast India, is vulnerable to bacterial and viral infections that severely impact silk production.

Novel C-4 sulfenylated pyrazoles as α-amylase inhibitors: Insights from in silico and in vitro studies.

Diabetes rank among the most critical health challenges globally. Consequently, the development of therapeutic agents targeting this health issue has become a focal point for researchers worldwide. To achieve this, tetra substituted pyrazoles were synthesized in two steps: initially, thiolated diketones were prepared using NaOH/KI catalysed approach in acetonitrile.

Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum as a Complementary Approach for Diabetes Treatment and Management.

Purpose Of Review: This review explores the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on diabetes management and discusses the potential mechanism.

Recent Findings: Recent studies have highlighted that gut dysbiosis has emerged as a key factor in the development of diabetes. In this context, probiotics, specifically Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, offer potential benefits in modulating gut microbiota and improving metabolic health.

Biological and genomic characterization of a cypovirus isolated from golden muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

A potential viral pathogen, cypovirus causing cytoplasmic polyhedrosis in the Indian golden muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer, was isolated and characterized. Electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of typical occlusion bodies with icosahedral virions embedded in polyhedral matrices. The viral genome was dsRNA totaling approximately 24.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Refractory Infection Post Haploidentical Transplant for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: () infections are common in immunosuppressed patients. Sometimes these are difficult to treat in post-bone marrow transplant situations.

Methods: A 2-year-old child with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia underwent a haploidentical bone marrow transplant.

Herbal based nanoparticles as a possible and potential treatment of cancer: a review.

Cancer is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide. Various drug classes treat various cancers. Nanoformulations made from natural sources are being studied for treating several diseases, including cancer.

Unraveling the Role of Quinoa in Managing Metabolic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.

Purpose Of Review: The review aims to address the knowledge gap and promote the widespread adoption of quinoa as a functional food for improving metabolic health. By presenting a comprehensive overview of its nutritional profile and bioactive components, the review aims to increase consumers' awareness of the potential therapeutic benefits of incorporating quinoa into diets.

Recent Findings: Recent studies have highlighted the diverse range of bioactive compounds in quinoa, such as phytosterols, saponins, phenolic acids, phytoecdysteroids, and betalains.

Biological evaluation of trans-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]coumarins as potential cathepsin inhibitors and anticancer agents.

Novel trans-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]coumarins were synthesized and assessed for their inhibition potential against cysteine proteases: cathepsin B, H and L which are the possible targets for anticancer activity. In general, the coumarin derivatives were found to be exceptional inhibitors against this class of enzymes. On the basis of molecular modeling data and structure-activity relationships, their inhibition patterns are also discussed.

Intricate mechanism of anxiety disorder, recognizing the potential role of gut microbiota and therapeutic interventions.

Anxiety is a widespread psychological disorder affecting both humans and animals. It is a typical stress reaction; however, its longer persistence can cause severe health disorders affecting the day-to-day life activities of individuals. An intriguing facet of the anxiety-related disorder can be addressed better by investigating the role of neurotransmitters in regulating emotions, provoking anxiety, analyzing the cross-talks between neurotransmitters, and, most importantly, identifying the biomarkers of the anxiety.

Revolutionizing dairy waste: emerging solutions in conjunction with microbial engineering.

The dairy industry is grappling with significant challenges in managing effluent due to environmental concerns and stringent regulatory demands, necessitating innovative solutions. The paper investigates how microbial engineering is transforming the treatment of dairy wastewater, offering advanced methods to minimize environmental impact and enhance sustainability. It delves into the current challenges faced by the dairy industry, such as regulatory compliance and the limitations of traditional treatment technologies, and introduces microbial engineering as a promising solution for effluent management.

The Genomic Landscape of Wilson Disease in a Pan India Disease Cohort and Population-Scale Data.

Background: Wilson's disease (WD) results from pathogenic ATP7B gene variations, causing copper accumulation mainly in the liver, brain, and kidneys.

Objectives: In India, despite studies on ATP7B variants, WD often goes undiagnosed, with the prevalence, carrier rate, and mutation spectrum remaining unknown.

Methods: A multicenter study examined genetic variations in WD among individuals of Indian origin via whole exome sequencing.

Metagenomic analysis of soil from landfill site reveals a diverse microbial community involved in plastic degradation.

In this study, we have investigated microbial communities structure and function using high throughput amplicon sequencing and whole metagenomic sequencing of DNA extracted from different depths of a plastic-laden landfill site. With diverse taxonomic groups inhabiting the plastic-rich soil, our study demonstrates the remarkable adaptability of microbes to use this new substrate as a carbon source. FTIR spectroscopic analysis of soil indicated degradation of plastic as perceived from the carbonyl index of 0.

Moving population is a challenge for malaria elimination in India: A cross-sectional study to assess malaria parasite infections in walking pilgrims in western Rajasthan, India.

Objectives: India is vigorously pursuing malaria elimination by 2030 and one of the key challenges is how to prevent the malaria risk associated with long-distance migrations of populations from endemic to non-endemic areas. Millions of pilgrims walking to the holy Ramdevra temple stay in temporary shelters along the route in district of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan state in western India. The main pilgrimage period coincides with the post-monsoon period with elevated vector densities.

The Influence of Phytoconstituents for the Management of Antipsoriatic Activity in Various Animal Models.

It is possible for psoriasis to manifest at any point in a person's life, regardless of their age, gender, or geographic location. It is a chronic immune-linked inflammatory skin illness that affects individuals of various racial and ethnic origins. It is recognized to be a longlasting condition.

Unveiling the persistent threat: recent insights into adaptation, biofilm formation, and pathogenicity in foodborne infections.

Listeriosis is a severe disease caused by the foodborne pathogen , posing a significant risk to vulnerable populations such as the elderly, pregnant women, and newborns. While relatively uncommon, it has a high global mortality rate of 20-30%. Recent research indicates that smaller outbreaks of the more severe, invasive form of the disease occur more frequently than previously thought, despite the overall stable infection rates of over the past 10 years.

Development of whey protein beverage incorporating encapsulated probiotic strain NCDC 347 and its physico-chemical characteristics.

In the present study, encapsulated strain NCDC 347 was used to prepare a novel whey protein-based beverage. The encapsulation process utilized skimmed milk powder matrix and evaluated strain viability, physico-chemical properties, sensory assessment, and shelf-life stability. Encapsulated NCDC 347 within skim milk powder maintained viability at 8.

Youngest Living Donor Liver Transplant for End-Stage Liver Disease in a 6-Month-Old With a Novel Aggressive Mutation in KIF12 Gene.

Background: Kinesin family member 12 (KIF12) mutation-related cholestatic disorder represents a rare subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), referred to as PFIC Type 8, with only 21 reported cases globally to date.

Methods: Here, we present a unique case of a 6-month-old boy diagnosed with homozygous KIF12 gene mutation, who successfully underwent a living donor liver transplant at our center for end-stage liver disease.

Results: This case marks the youngest patient of KIF12-related cholestatic disorder necessitating a liver transplant to date.

Hepatitis A Liver Failure in Children: Native Liver Survival Despite Poor Prognosis.

Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is the commonest cause of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) in developing countries. Literature has shown good outcomes of HAV-induced PALF as compared to other etiologies. The advanced critical care and use of extracorporeal liver assist devices (ELAD) have improved the survival with native liver in PALF and overall outcomes.

Antiangiogenic potential of phytochemicals from Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn investigated through in silico and quantum computational methods.

Suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptor (VEGFR2), and the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling cascade system to inhibit angiogenesis has emerged as a possible cancer therapeutic target. The present work was designed to discover and evaluate bioactive phytochemicals from the Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn plant for their anti-angiogenic potential.

Ineffective ventilation in a very low birth weight infant with H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula with bilateral chemical pneumonitis. A lesson learned.

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) with or without associated esophageal atresia (EA) in the neonate is challenging to diagnose and manage its complications like aspiration, respiratory distress, and other associated anomalies. To stabilize, ventilate and prepare for surgical correction, understanding the H-nature of disease and anticipation of problems and their management will improve survival. We present a newborn with tracheoesophageal fistula without atresia from resource-limited settings and lessons we learned from the case.