The Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Genetics (ERICH-GENE) Study Protocol.

Background: Spontaneous, non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is highly heritable disease. However, the identification of the genetic risk factors driving this high genetic predisposition has been limited by small sample sizes and underrepresentation of non-European populations. The ERICH-GENE study will gather and harmonize clinical, neuroimaging and genomic data on the largest and more diverse collection of ICH cases assembled to date.

Increased risk of recurrent stroke in patients with impaired kidney function: results of a pooled analysis of individual patient data from the MICON international collaboration.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk of stroke and frequently have cerebral microbleeds. Whether such patients also encounter an increased risk of recurrent stroke has not been firmly established. We aimed to determine whether impaired kidney function is associated with the risk of recurrent stroke, and microbleed presence, distribution and severity.

Temporal patterns of occult cancer incidence following acute ischemic stroke: A comparative study by stroke etiology.

Backgrounds And Aims: This study investigates the temporal patterns of occult cancer incidence among survivors of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with a focus on variations by underlying stroke etiology.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective, multicenter stroke registry and a national claims database, identifying AIS patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2013. Patients were categorized by stroke etiology into two groups: unidentified stroke etiology (USE) and identified stroke etiology (ISE).

Persistent Beta-Blocker Therapy Reduces Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Elevated Heart Rates.

Background: Elevated heart rate in patients with acute ischemic stroke is associated with increased risk of mortality. Beta-blocker therapy is well known to reduce heart rate.

Methods And Results: This study was a post hoc analysis of patients with acute ischemic stroke with maximum heart rates ≥100 bpm.

Comparative Effectiveness of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment.

Background: Research specifically addressing the efficacy of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in patients with ischemic stroke is insufficient. Using a large stroke registry, we investigated whether 2 commonly used statins, rosuvastatin and atorvastatin, differ in their effectiveness in reducing the risk of vascular events in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We analyzed data from a nationwide stroke registry in South Korea between January 2011 and April 2022.

Impact of in-hospital COVID-19 quarantine policy changes on quality of acute stroke care: a single center experience.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is known to impact in-hospital processes for acute stroke patients, potentially resulting in delays due to quarantine and screening measures. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of changes in in-hospital quarantine policies on quality of care for acute stroke patients.

Methods: Hyperacute ischemic stroke patients who were admitted to Korea University Guro Hospital between January 2019 and February 2021 via the emergency department were included in this study.

Influence of prestroke glycemic status on outcomes by age in patients with acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between admission HbA1c and the risk of 1-year vascular outcomes stratified by age group in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This study analyzed prospective multicenter data from patients with AIS and DM. Admission HbA1C were categorized as:≤6.

PhenoFlow: A Human-LLM Driven Visual Analytics System for Exploring Large and Complex Stroke Datasets.

Acute stroke demands prompt diagnosis and treatment to achieve optimal patient outcomes. However, the intricate and irregular nature of clinical data associated with acute stroke, particularly blood pressure (BP) measurements, presents substantial obstacles to effective visual analytics and decision-making. Through a year-long collaboration with experienced neurologists, we developed PhenoFlow, a visual analytics system that leverages the collaboration between human and Large Language Models (LLMs) to analyze the extensive and complex data of acute ischemic stroke patients.

High glycated albumin is associated with early neurological deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Glycated albumin (GA) is an indicator of glycemic variability over the past 2-4 weeks and has suitable characteristics for predicting the prognosis of ischemic stroke during the acute phase. This study evaluated the association between early neurological deterioration (END) and GA values in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: We assessed consecutive patients with AIS between 2022 and 2023 at two large medical centers in Korea.

Architecture and anatomy of executive processes: evidence from verbal fluency and Trail Making Test in 2009 stroke patients.

Objectives: The few voxel-wise lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) studies aimed at identifying the anatomy of executive function are limited by the absence of a model and by small populations. Using Trail Making Test (TMT) and verbal fluency and a model of their architectures, our objective was to identify the key structures underlying two major executive processes, set-shifting and strategic word search.

Methods: We applied a validated VLSM analysis to harmonized cognitive and imaging data from 2009 ischemic stroke patients as a part of the Meta VCI Map consortium.

What have clinical trials taught us about brain health?

The Global Burden of Disease Study projects an almost tripling of dementia cases worldwide in the next 30 years making it important to recognize and understand modifiable risks and preventatives for cognitive impairment. Recent studies suggest that prevention or treatment of cardiovascular risks may be an important strategy to prevent or slow the progression of cognitive impairment. In 2017, the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association introduced metrics for "optimal brain health".

Strengthening deep-learning models for intracranial hemorrhage detection: strongly annotated computed tomography images and model ensembles.

Background And Purpose: Multiple attempts at intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) detection using deep-learning techniques have been plagued by clinical failures. We aimed to compare the performance of a deep-learning algorithm for ICH detection trained on strongly and weakly annotated datasets, and to assess whether a weighted ensemble model that integrates separate models trained using datasets with different ICH improves performance.

Methods: We used brain CT scans from the Radiological Society of North America (27,861 CT scans, 3,528 ICHs) and AI-Hub (53,045 CT scans, 7,013 ICHs) for training.

Improvement in Delivery of Ischemic Stroke Treatments but Stagnation of Clinical Outcomes in Young Adults in South Korea.

Background: There is limited information on the delivery of acute stroke therapies and secondary preventive measures and clinical outcomes over time in young adults with acute ischemic stroke. This study investigated whether advances in these treatments improved outcomes in this population.

Methods: Using a prospective multicenter stroke registry in Korea, young adults (aged 18-50 years) with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized between 2008 and 2019 were identified.

Statin Treatment in Patients With Stroke With Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels Below 70 mg/dL.

Background It is unclear whether statin treatment could reduce the risk of early vascular events when baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are already low, at <70 mg/dL, at the time of the index stroke. Methods and Results This study was an analysis of a prospective, multicenter, nationwide registry of consecutive patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke with baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels <70 mg/dL and without statin pretreatment. An inverse probabilities of treatment weights method was applied to control for imbalances in baseline characteristics.