Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Highly O-Glycosylated MUC7 Glycopeptides for Probing Inhibitory Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation.

MUC7, a highly glycosylated protein in saliva and respiratory tract, plays potential roles in facilitating bacterial clearance and preventing microbial invasion. The complexity of glycan structures and multiplicity of glycosylation sites of MUC7 make it very difficult to explore accurate biofunctions against pathogens. Here, we report an efficiently convergent chemoenzymatic approach to firstly synthesize highly O-glycosylated MUC7 glycopeptides with nine glycosylation sites bearing various glycoforms via the combined use of hydrophobic tag-assisted liquid-phase peptide synthesis and enzymatic-catalyzed glycan elongation.

Committing to emotion regulation: Factors impacting the choice to implement a reappraisal after its generation.

Cognitive reappraisal, changing the way one thinks about an emotional event, is one of the most effective and extensively studied emotion regulation strategies. Previous research has dissociated the generation of reappraisals (i.e.

Anticariogenic Activity of Celastrol and Its Enhancement of Streptococcal Antagonism in Multispecies Biofilm.

Dental caries is a chronic disease resulting from dysbiosis in the oral microbiome. Antagonism of commensal and against cariogenic is pivotal to keep the microecological balance. However, concerns are growing on antimicrobial agents in anticaries therapy, for broad spectrum antimicrobials may have a profound impact on the oral microbial community, especially on commensals.

Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester against multi-species cariogenic biofilms.

Dental caries is a biofilm-related disease, widely perceived to be caused by oral ecological imbalance when cariogenic/aciduric bacteria obtain an ecological advantage. Compared with planktonic bacteria, dental plaques are difficult to remove under extracellular polymeric substance protection. In this study, the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on a preformed cariogenic multi-species biofilm was evaluated, which was comprised of cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans), commensal bacteria (Streptococcus gordonii), and a pioneer colonizer (Actinomyces naeslundii).

Mapping the human oral and gut fungal microbiota in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a phenotype of liver diseases associated with metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis MAFLD remains unclear. The liver maintains is located near the intestine and is physiologically interdependent with the intestine metabolic exchange and microbial transmission, underpinning the recently proposed "oral-gut-liver axis" concept.

Novel Lactotransferrin-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide LF-1 Inhibits the Cariogenic Virulence Factors of .

We previously developed a novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide, LF-1, with selective antibacterial activity against the characteristic cariogenic bacterium . This study further investigated the effects of LF-1 on the cariogenic virulence factors of and evaluated the changes in virulence-associated enzymes and genes; the viability, acidogenicity, and aciduricity of planktonic ; and initial colonisation and biofilm formation after treatment with LF-1. The method of qRT-PCR was used to evaluate virulence-associated gene expression.

Selective antibacterial activity of a novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide LF-1 against Streptococcus mutans.

Objective: Streptococcus mutans is a key pathogen involved in the development of caries lesions. Previously, we developed a novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide LF-1 with potential selective activity against S. mutans.

[Correlational Study of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Salivary Microecology].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the composition of salivary microecology and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in healthy adults.

Methods: Healthy subjects were included in the high-TSH group (=22, 3.00-4.

Novel lactotransferrin-derived synthetic peptides suppress cariogenic bacteria and arrest dental caries : [Novel lactotransferrin-derived anticaries peptides].

: The aim of the study was to design and synthesise novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with enhanced antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria. : We obtained the LF-1 (WKLLRKAWKLLRKA) and LF-2 (GKLIWKLLRKAWKLLRKA) AMPs, based on the N-terminal functional sequence of lactotransferrin, and characterised their physicochemical properties and secondary structure. Their antibacterial activity against caries-associated bacteria was evaluated using bacterial susceptibility and time-killing assays, as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

The pH-Responsive Property of Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 Enhances Its Anticaries Effects at Acidic pH.

Dental caries is closely related to the acidification of the biofilms on the tooth surface, in which cariogenic bacteria bring about a dramatic pH decrease and disrupt remineralisation equilibrium upon the fermentation of dietary sugars. Thus, approaches targeting the acidified niches with enhanced anticaries activities at acidic pH are highly desirable. In our previous study, a cationic amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptide GH12 (Gly-Leu-Leu-Trp-His-Leu-Leu-His-His-Leu-Leu-His-NH2) was designed with good stability, low cytotoxicity, and excellent antibacterial effects.

Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 Prevents Dental Caries by Regulating Dental Plaque Microbiota.

Due to the complex microecology and microenvironment of dental plaque, novel caries prevention strategies require modulating the microbial communities ecologically and reducing the cariogenic properties effectively. Antimicrobial peptide GH12 reduced the lactic acid production and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis of a biofilm and a three-species biofilm in previous studies. However, the anticaries effects and microecological effects of GH12 remained to be investigated in a complex biofilm model and an animal caries model In the present study, GH12 at 64 mg/liter showed the most effective inhibition of lactic acid production, EPS synthesis, pH decline, and biofilm integrity of human dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilms , and GH12 at 64 mg/liter was therefore chosen for use in subsequent and assays.

Comparative proteomic analysis on acquired enamel pellicle at two time points in caries-susceptible and caries-free subjects.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the protein profiles of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) at two time points (5 min and 2 h) between caries-susceptible and caries-free subjects using label-free and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) proteomic approaches, and to discover potential biomarkers for dental caries.

Methods: Sixty participants (30 caries-susceptible (DMFT>5) and 30 caries-free subjects (DMFT = 0)) were included. Their AEP at 5 min and 2 h was separately sampled, and the AEP materials were quantitatively analysed using label-free proteomics.

iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis of age-specific variations in salivary proteome of caries-susceptible individuals.

Background: Human saliva is a protein-rich, easily accessible source of potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. However, little is known about the changes in salivary proteome associated with aging of patients with dental caries. Here, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combination with multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) to characterize the salivary proteome profiles of subjects of different ages, presenting with and without caries, with the aim of identifying age-related biomarkers for dental caries.

Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 on the Cariogenic Properties and Composition of a Cariogenic Multispecies Biofilm.

Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated disease that occurs when acidogenic/aciduric bacteria obtain an ecological advantage over commensal species. In previous studies, the effects of the antimicrobial peptide GH12 on planktonic bacteria and monospecies biofilms were confirmed. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of GH12 on a cariogenic multispecies biofilm and to preliminarily explain the mechanism.

Antimicrobial peptide GH12 suppresses cariogenic virulence factors of .

Cariogenic virulence factors of include acidogenicity, aciduricity, and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) synthesis. The designed antimicrobial peptide GH12 has shown bactericidal effects on , but its interaction with virulence and regulatory systems of remains to be elucidated. The objectives were to investigate the effects of GH12 on virulence factors of , and further explore the function mechanisms at enzymatic and transcriptional levels.

QTL mapping of combining ability and heterosis of agronomic traits in rice backcross recombinant inbred lines and hybrid crosses.

Background: Combining ability effects are very effective genetic parameters in deciding the next phase of breeding programs. Although some breeding strategies on the basis of evaluating combining ability have been utilized extensively in hybrid breeding, little is known about the genetic basis of combining ability. Combining ability is a complex trait that is controlled by polygenes.