Optimizing Hybrid-phase IrO Catalysts with Ti for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

To realize a sustainable energy transition, water electrolysis-particularly proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE)-holds significant promise. However, practical deployment is hindered by the cost and instability of the anode catalyst, IrO. Recent studies indicate that tuning the Ir─O bond distance, via doping or composite formation, is key to enhancing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of IrO-based electrocatalysts.

Detection of Copy Number Variations in Woori-Heukdon Populations with the Illumina PorcineSNP60 Bead-Chip Array.

This study investigated copy number variations (CNVs) in 2112 pigs from five populations: Korean Duroc (DUC), Korean Native Pig (KNP), and their crossbred offspring (F, F, and WRH). CNVs were detected using PennCNV and QuantiSNP, with CNVRuler identifying 698 CNV regions (CNVRs), covering 109 Mb (4.83%) of the porcine genome.

Selection signature analysis using whole genome resequencing data reveals candidate genes for white plumage color in Korean native ducks.

Objective: Domestication alters the phenotypes of wild animals to meet human demands and leaves characteristic patterns in their genomes. Various selection signature analysis methods have been developed to identify these characteristic patterns left in the genome. The Korean native duck (KND) is one of the domesticated species in Korea.

Preclinical testing of a new radiofrequency ablation device in a porcine perianal fistula model.

Purpose: Anorectal fistulas present a treatment challenge, with conventional surgical methods potentially resulting in complications such as fecal incontinence. To improve patient outcomes, more effective and minimally invasive therapies are critically needed. In this study, an optimal porcine model for the creation of anorectal fistulas was developed and used to evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy.

Synergistic Composition and Surface Engineering of Ruthenium-Cobalt Hydroxide Nanowires for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalysis.

Developing efficient electrocatalysts that improve the rate-determining step (RDS) kinetics is crucial to addressing the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study introduces ruthenium (Ru)-cobalt(II) hydroxide (Co(OH)₂) electrocatalysts for high-performance OER by combining compositional and thermodynamic surface engineering. Density functional theory (DFT) is employed to identify the ideal composition, with experimental validation conducted through electrodeposition, enabling facile control over a wide range of compositions for nanowire catalyst synthesis.

Optimizing injection accuracy for Baxter's nerve entrapment: an ultrasonography-guided approach based on anatomical surface landmarks.

Introduction: The clinical feasibility and applicability of surface landmarks for Baxter nerve entrapment to proximal and distal sites is unclear. This study provides anatomical guidelines for optimal transducer placement using two specific landmarks, the most inferior tip of the medial malleolus (A) and the most protruding posterior tip of the calcaneus (B), to enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic injection efficacy for proximal and distal entrapment sites.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six feet from 45 fresh cadavers (25 male and 20 female) were dissected to determine Baxter's nerve (BN) localization.

Experience of Metronidazole Triple Therapy After Clarithromycin Triple Therapy Failure for Eradication in Korea.

Bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is recommended as the best second-line regimen after failure of first-line clarithromycin triple therapy (CTT) for eradication. However, there are some limitations to this approach, including the lack of an appropriate sequel regimen after failure of BQT and complicated administration. Metronidazole triple therapy (MTT) is simple to administer, but it is not widely recommended.

Microfluidic-Generated Injectable Bulking Agents with Biocompatible Surfaces and Their Mid-term Outcomes in a Rat Model with Anal Sphincter Injury.

Bulking agents have gained attention as new, minimally invasive treatments for fecal incontinence. Various materials and surface treatment techniques have been extensively studied to ensure good biocompatibility and long-term stability. Despite significant improvements in biocompatibility, the nonuniform particle size of existing materials has led to other challenges, such as the induction of phagocytosis or reduction of injectability during in vivo tests.

Heterogeneous Structure of Ni-Mo Nanoalloys Decorated on MoO for an Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Using Hydrogen Spillover.

Herein, a heterogeneous structure of Ni-Mo catalyst comprising NiMo nanoalloys decorated on a MoO matrix via electrodeposition is introduced. This catalyst exhibits remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity across a range of pH conditions. The heterogeneous Ni-Mo catalyst showed low overpotentials only of 24 and 86, 21 and 60, and 37 and 168 mV to produce a current density of 10 and 100 mA cm (η and η) in alkaline, acidic, and neutral media, respectively, which represents one of the most active catalysts for the HER.

Echo-aware room impulse response generation.

In real-time applications, like interactive virtual reality environments, there is a significant need for low-complexity simulation of room impulse responses in highly complex virtual scenes, but this remains a challenging issue. In particular, simulating late reverberation using physically based acoustic modeling requires much computational effort, contrary to the early reflections that can be modeled by simpler techniques, e.g.

Surface anatomy and levator scapulae muscle injection: A cadaveric investigation.

Accurate detection of the levator scapulae muscle is critical for effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The commonly used surface anatomy approach has not been validated and is less accurate than ultrasound-guided techniques. Therefore, we determined the needle insertion point for the levator scapulae using a new technique based on the anatomy of the scapula.

Deep learning image reconstruction of diffusion-weighted imaging in evaluation of prostate cancer focusing on its clinical implications.

Background: Image-based assessment of prostate cancer (PCa) is increasingly emphasized in the diagnostic workflow for selecting biopsy targets and possibly predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Assessment is based on Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) which is largely dependent on T2-weighted image (T2WI) and diffusion weighted image (DWI). This study aims to determine whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) can improve the image quality of DWI and affect the assessment of PI-RADS ≥4 in patients with PCa.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Spine Pain, 1990-2019: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Objective: To describe the global, regional, national, and temporal trends in neck pain (NP) and low back pain (LBP) from 1990 to 2019 and analyze associations with age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Design: Temporal trends analyses of the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data for global, regional, and national prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disabilities (YLDs) of NP and LBP from 1990 to 2019.

Setting: Not applicable.

Polymer-Based Thermally Stable Chemiresistive Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of NO Gas Emission.

We present a thermally stable, mechanically compliant, and sensitive polymer-based NO gas sensor design. Interconnected nanoscale morphology driven from spinodal decomposition between conjugated polymers tethered with polar side chains and thermally stable matrix polymers offers judicious design of NO-sensitive and thermally tolerant thin films. The resulting chemiresitive sensors exhibit stable NO sensing even at 170 °C over 6 h.

Clinical efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing monoclonal antibody in patients with COVID-19: A living systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with usual care in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of neutralizing mAb treatment in patients with COVID-19 were identified using electronic database searches through March 10, 2023. This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Optimal needle electromyography approach to the serratus anterior muscle.

Introduction/aims: There are two conventional needle electromyography (EMG) approaches to the serratus anterior (SA), both of which can result in erroneous insertion into adjacent structures such as the latissimus dorsi (LD), teres major, or external oblique abdominis muscles and pose a risk of long thoracic nerve (LTN) injury. Therefore, we identified a novel needle insertion point for the SA in cadavers that avoids other muscles and LTN injury.

Methods: This study included 17 cadavers: 12 to devise the new method and 5 to verify its accuracy.

Profiling of differentially expressed proteins between fresh and frozen-thawed Duroc boar semen using ProteinChip CM10.

Many studies have been conducted to improve technology for semen cryopreservation in pigs. However, computer-assisted analysis of sperm motility and morphology is insufficient to predict the molecular function of frozen-thawed semen. More accurate expression patterns of boar sperm proteins may be derived using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique.

Multifocal skull-compensated transcranial focused ultrasound system for neuromodulation applications based on acoustic holography.

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation is a promising therapeutic modality for human brain disorders because of its noninvasiveness, long penetration depth, and versatile spatial control capability through beamforming and beam steering. However, the skull presents a major hurdle for successful applications of ultrasound stimulation. Specifically, skull-induced focal aberration limits the capability for accurate and versatile targeting of brain subregions.

Estimated prevalence and trends in smoking among adolescents in South Korea, 2005-2021: a nationwide serial study.

Background: Although smoking is classified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, there is a scarcity of studies on prevalence of smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aims to analyze the trends of prevalence of smoking in adolescents over the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Methods: The present study used data from middle to high school adolescents between 2005 and 2021 who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS).

Gold single-atoms confined at the CeO-TiOinterfaces with enhanced low-temperature activity toward CO oxidation.

We use CeO-TiOhetero-interfaces generated on the surface of CeO-TiOhybrid oxide supporting powders to stabilize Au single-atoms (SAs) with excellent low-temperature activity toward CO oxidation. Based on intriguing density functional theory calculation results on the preferential formation of Au-SAs at the CeO-TiOinterfaces and the high activity of Au-SAs toward the Mars-van Krevelen type CO oxidation, we synthesized a Au/CeO-TiO(ACT) catalyst with 0.05 wt.

Modified Dynamic Physical Model of Valence Change Mechanism Memristors.

Valence change-type resistance switching behaviors in oxides can be understood by well-established physical models describing the field-driven oxygen vacancy distribution change. In those models, electroformed residual oxygen vacancy filaments are crucial as they work as an electric field concentrator and limit the oxygen vacancy movement along the vertical direction. Therefore, their movement outward by diffusion is negligible.

Use of Host Feeding Behavior and Gut Microbiome Data in Estimating Variance Components and Predicting Growth and Body Composition Traits in Swine.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of feeding behavior in conjunction with gut microbiome sampled at two growth stages in predicting growth and body composition traits of finishing pigs. Six hundred and fifty-one purebred boars of three breeds: Duroc (DR), Landrace (LR), and Large White (LW), were studied. Feeding activities were recorded individually from 99 to 163 days of age.