Effect of a glycosaminoglycan-rich eggshell membrane dressing with in situ grown cu-mof on diabetic wound healing.

Chronic diabetic wounds pose significant clinical challenges due to persistent inflammation, impaired neovascularization, and recurrent infections. This study is based on the natural three-dimensional porous structure and bioactive components of eggshell membranes (ESM), on which we assembled an in situ Cu@MOF, richly loaded with Cu and Zn, to create a multifunctional wound dressing (ESM@Cu-MOF). The characterization results demonstrated that the ESM@Cu-MOF exhibited excellent antibacterial performance and cell compatibility, with pH-responsive ion release characteristics.

Myocyte Damage and Mass Loss Drives Increasing Water Content, Compliance, and Survival in Septic Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction/purpose: During the septic cardiomyopathy, the mechanism and relationship to outcome of changes in left ventricular (LV) end diastolic volume (EDV) and ejection fraction (EF) remains obscure. We compared serial changes in LVEF and LVEDV to successive alterations in LV wall ultrastructure, water content, and total mass to investigate whether these measures can explain their basis.

Methods: We performed cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 0,6,18,30,42,54, and 92h post-bacterial challenge in a large-animal model (n=57) that mimics human septic cardiomyopathy.

Residue 365 in Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Is a Key Thermostable Determinant of Genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 Newcastle Disease Virus.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotype VI from pigeon origin is an important causative agent for serious disease in pigeons. Although the biological characteristics of genotype VI NDV have been extensively studied, the understanding of the thermostability of this genotype is still incomplete. In this study, an NDV strain, designated P0506, was isolated from a diseased pigeon in China and classified as genotype VI.

Quality of Human Expert vs Large Language Model-Generated Multiple-Choice Questions in the Field of Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: Although mechanical ventilation (MV) is a critical competency in critical care training, standardized methods for assessing MV-related knowledge are lacking. Traditional multiple-choice question (MCQ) development is resource intensive, and prior studies have suggested that generative AI tools could streamline question creation. However, the quality of AI-generated MCQs remains unclear.

A systematic review of adult animal models investigating ECMO use for ARDS: where to from here.

Background: Controlled clinical trials investigating ongoing questions about extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including what the optimal mechanical ventilation (MV) tidal volume (TV) strategies are and whether ECMO potentiates injurious host responses, are difficult. We therefore conducted a systematic literature search and review to characterize studies investigating ECMO in adult animal lung injury models and to determine whether they inform these questions.

Methods: A systematic literature search with relevant search terms was conducted of four data bases through 2/2/24.

Unanticipated Global Emergence of Multiple Mutants Selected by Mycophenolic Acid Driving Increasing Outbreaks in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Background: Classified by the WHO as one of the 19 most dangerous fungal pathogens, has been associated with increasing outbreaks of pneumonia (PCP) among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients worldwide. Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor commonly used as an immunosuppressant to prevent organ rejection, is a risk factor for PCP. However, MPA also displays antifungal activity, potentially protecting against PCP, despite not being used to treat it.

Impact of donor specific antibodies on longitudinal lung function and baseline lung allograft dysfunction.

Background: Lung transplantation offers life-saving benefits for patients with end-stage lung disease, however, long-term outcomes remain poor, with a median survival of 6.5 years. Identifying patients at risk for poor post-transplant lung function is crucial for improving outcomes.

Low-Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation Promotes Recovery in Blood Flow and Movement Following Prolonged Anesthesia.

General anesthesia is a routine operation before surgical and diagnostic procedures. However, delayed emergence from anesthesia can lead to various complications. Researchers have sought to use transcranial ultrasound stimulation to promote motor and cognitive function recovery after short-period anesthesia (<60 min).

Abnormal phase-amplitude coupling in patients with first-episode schizophrenia during the auditory steady-state response and resting states.

The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a robust index for schizophrenia. Abnormal phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in schizophrenia might be influenced by the confounding factors of illness stages and antipsychotic treatments. To exclude the effects of confounding factors, we examined abnormal PAC in antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) during the ASSR.

Mismatch negativity deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Numerous studies have demonstrated mismatch negativity (MMN) deficits in schizophrenia (SCZ), and growing evidence suggests similar deficits in bipolar disorder (BPD). However, no large-scale MMN study has been conducted on Chinese patients with SCZ and BPD. This study aims to validate the presence of MMN deficits in SCZ patients and assess whether BPD patients exhibit similar deficits, using a large-scale Chinese cohort.

Changes in Ovarian Activity and Expressions of Follicle Development Regulation Factors During the Laying-Incubation Cycle in Magang Geese.

Strong broodiness is an important reproductive characteristic of Magang geese, manifested by periodic laying-incubation activities during the breeding season. To investigate the changes in ovarian activity, follicular development, and gonadal reproductive regulators during the laying-incubation cycle, this study examined ovarian morphology, follicular development, blood reproductive hormones, and the expressions of reproductive regulators in the gonadal stroma, follicular granulosa, and membranous layer of the follicles during the laying, early broodiness, depth of broodiness, and end of broodiness periods of Magang geese. The results showed that ovarian activity degenerated and atrophied with the onset of brooding: the number of LWFs and SYFs decreased rapidly; LFY disappeared; PRL in the blood increased significantly; FSH, P4, E2, and INH decreased significantly; and the mRNA levels of and steroidogenic factors were up-regulated in the ovarian stroma.

Meta-analysis of niacin and NAD metabolite treatment in infectious disease animal studies suggests benefit but requires confirmation in clinically relevant models.

Disruption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis and function during infection may impair host defenses and aggravate inflammatory and oxidative organ injury. Increasingly, studies are investigating whether niacin or NAD metabolite treatment is beneficial in infection and sepsis animal models. We examined whether this preclinical experience supports clinical trials.

Test-retest reliability of pre-cue and anticipatory alpha activity in visual spatial attention.

Alpha-band activity over the parietal-occipital cortex is a canonical neural marker of visual spatial attention. However, the ongoing debate surrounds whether this activity represents as an active mechanism in gating visual information processing or if it merely reflects an epiphenomenal consequence of anticipatory attentional shifts. Despite this debate, the temporal stability of alpha activity in visual spatial attention, an essential aspect for this discussion, remains ambiguous.

Flow Cytometric Determination of Circulating Progenitor Cells in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive narrowing and obliteration of distal, pre-capillary pulmonary vessels. Yet, noninvasive biomarkers that reflect this disease-defining process are lacking. A systematic review of PAH studies that measured circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) or circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in PAH by flow cytometry was performed to understand how future studies, leveraging state-of-the-art single-cell analyses, can advance the field.

A potential diagnostic biomarker for schizophrenia based on local functional connectivity using dynamic regional phase synchrony.

Objectives: Though schizophrenia (SZ) has the well-established diagnostic criteria, the clinical conundrum of diagnostic inaccuracies still exists for its symptomatic overlap with other mental diseases like bipolar disorder (BD). Researchers have been looking for more specific and objective neuroimaging markers for SZ.

Methods: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and T1 data from a total of 931 participants (SZ: 300; BD: 145; and healthy controls (HC): 486) were collected from two centers.

Biosynthesis and yield improvement strategies of fengycin.

Fengycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic predominantly synthesized by Bacillus species. It exhibits remarkable antifungal, antitumor, and antiadhesion activities. It also possesses advantageous properties such as low toxicity, effective antibacterial activity, and biodegradability, making it a promising candidate for applications in biocontrol, medicine, and industry.

Baseline alpha wave predicts post-cue alpha during visual spatial attention with linear mixed model.

Electroencephalography alpha-band (8-13 Hz) activity following spatial cues during visual attention has been extensively studied. However, its functional role remains unclear, possibly due to individual differences or contributing factors. Our recent study showed that post-cue alpha activity depended on baseline alpha by splitting participants based on their median baseline alpha, which, however, ignored the difference in baseline alpha within the subgroups.

State-dependent neurovascular modulation induced by transcranial ultrasound stimulation.

Previous studies reported baseline state-dependent effects on neural and hemodynamic responses to transcranial ultrasound stimulation. However, due to neurovascular coupling, neither neural nor hemodynamic baseline alone can fully explain the ultrasound-induced responses. In this study, using a general linear model, we aimed to investigate the roles of both neural and hemodynamic baseline status as well as their interactions in ultrasound-induced responses.

Decay in Physiologic Knowledge since Medical School among Critical Care Fellows (DIP Study).

Rapid accumulation of knowledge and skills by trainees in the intensive care unit assumes prior mastery of clinically relevant core physiology concepts. However, for many fellows, their foundational physiology knowledge was acquired years earlier during their preclinical medical curricula and variably reinforced during the remainder of their undergraduate and graduate medical training. We sought to assess the retention of clinically relevant pulmonary physiology knowledge among pulmonary and critical care medicine (PCCM) and critical care medicine (CCM) fellows.

In a Canine Model of Septic Shock, Cardiomyopathy Occurs Independent of Catecholamine Surges and Cardiac Microvascular Ischemia.

Background: High levels of catecholamines are cardiotoxic and associated with stress-induced cardiomyopathies. Septic patients are routinely exposed to endogenously released and exogenously administered catecholamines, which may alter cardiac function and perfusion causing ischemia. Early during human septic shock, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreases but normalizes in survivors over 7-10 days.

Immunization with OPN5 increased seasonal degradation of reproductive activity in Magang ganders.

To investigate the regulatory mechanism mediated by hypothalamic OPN5 on seasonal changes in the reproductive activities of domestic geese, 60 Magang ganders in their breeding period were selected for the experiment and evenly divided into an immunization group(OPN5-IM) and a control group. On days 0, 15 and 30, ganders in the immunized group were immunized with OPN5-KLH protein vaccine, and ganders in the control were immunized with the same amount of blank emulsified vaccine. Additionally, 120 female geese were provided to stimulate the reproductive activities of male geese.