Study of independent diagnostic efficacy and co-diagnostic strategies of molecular markers for diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Word count of the full article: 4834Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as myocardial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients independent of coronary artery disease (CAD) or hypertension (HTN). With high morbidity and mortality, DCM poses a significant threat to patient health. Its underlying pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated, and the prolonged subclinical phase renders early diagnosis and precise treatment clinically challenging.

History of family member incarceration during childhood and receipt of cancer screenings during adulthood in the United States.

Purpose: To examine the association between family member incarceration (FMI) during childhood and receipt of breast, colorectal, cervical, and lung cancer screenings.

Methods: Adults with and without FMI during childhood were identified from the 2020 and/or 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. Using multivariate logistic regression, we examined the associations of FMI and receipt of past year and guideline-concordant cancer screening, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, number of health conditions, state of residence, number of other adverse childhood experiences, and survey year with sequential adjustment for socioeconomic factors (educational attainment, home ownership, and health insurance coverage).

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Survival Disparities by Health Insurance Coverage Among Patients With Metastatic Cancer.

Importance: The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been associated with substantial improvement in median survival among individuals with cancer; however, people without health insurance coverage may be unable to afford ICIs due to their high costs.

Objective: To examine the association between the introduction of ICIs and changes in survival disparities by health insurance coverage among people with a new diagnosis of advanced-stage cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals who received a new diagnosis at age 18 to 64 years of stage IV melanoma (n = 12 048), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; n = 152 610), or renal cell carcinoma (RCC; n = 18 782) who were identified from the National Cancer Database before and after US Food and Drug Administration approval of ICIs (January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2019, for melanoma and January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, for other cancers).

TFAP4 exacerbates pathological cardiac fibrosis by modulating mechanotransduction.

Cardiac fibroblast (CF) differentiation into myofibroblasts is a crucial driver of cardiac fibrosis, leading to extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition that increases myocardial stiffness and eventually impairs heart function. Mechanotransduction has merged as a key regulator of CF activation and the fibrotic response post-myocardial infarction (MI). However, the molecular mechanisms linking CF activation to mechanical cues within the injured myocardium remain poorly understood.

Short-Term Limited Duration Insurance Plan Policies and Cancer Stage at Diagnosis.

Importance: Many short-term limited duration (STLD) insurance plans do not cover essential health benefits, such as cancer screenings, potentially delaying diagnoses. In October 2018, federal regulations loosened restrictions on STLD plans by extending the allowable duration from 3 months to 36 months. States expanded, restricted, or eliminated the sale or terms of STLD plans, both prior to 2018 and afterwards.

Whole-genome sequencing-based species classification, multilocus sequence typing, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of the clinical complex.

Background: Multidrug-resistant strains of the genus can produce various β-lactamases that confer resistance to a broad spectrum of β-lactams, which poses a significant public health threat due to their emergence and spread in clinical settings and natural environments. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation into the antibiotic resistance mechanisms of is scientifically significant.

Methods: Between 2018 and 2021, 78 clinical isolates were collected from human clinical specimens.

Trend and Provider- and Organizational-Level Factors Associated With Early Palliative Care Billing Among Patients Diagnosed With Distant-Stage Cancers in 2010-2019 in the United States.

Purpose: Early integration of specialized palliative care (PC) is recommended by clinical guidelines for advanced-stage cancers, but real-world evidence of its use is limited. We examined the recent trend of early PC billing among Medicare beneficiaries with distant-stage cancers and associated provider- and organization-level factors.

Methods: Using SEER-Medicare data, we identified Medicare Fee-For-Service beneficiaries 65.

Contemporary Patterns of End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Advanced Cancer.

Importance: Considerable efforts have been dedicated to improving the quality of end-of-life care among patients with advanced cancer in the past decade. Whether the quality has shifted in response to these efforts remains unknown.

Objective: To examine contemporary patterns of end-of-life care among patients with advanced cancer.

Changes in time-to-treatment initiation for breast, non-small cell lung, colon, or rectal cancers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health care and reduced cancer diagnoses in the United States, raising concerns about its impact on time-to-treatment initiation (TTI), a critical factor for survival. This study examined the changes in TTI for 1 213 481 individuals newly diagnosed with female breast, nonsmall cell lung, colon, or rectal cancer between 2019 and 2022, using the National Cancer Database. We compared TTI in 2020-2022 with 2019 by cancer site, diagnosis time of year, stage, and treatment modality.

Associations of Financial Hardship and Health Status, Social Functioning, and Mental Health Among Cancer Survivors in the United States: Findings From a Nationally Representative Study.

Purpose: Financial hardship is common among cancer survivors and has been associated with worse physical and mental health in selected subpopulations. We comprehensively examined associations of financial hardship with multiple measures of health status, social functioning, and mental health in a large, nationally representative sample of cancer survivors.

Materials And Methods: We identified adults with a cancer history (18-64 years: n = 3,157 and ≥65 years: n = 5,991) from the 2019 to 2021 National Health Interview Survey.

Superhydrophilic PVDF membrane fabricated on modified TiO/CS-SDAEM nanoparticles deposited on GA/CNTs hydrophilic layer to achieve self-cleaning photodegradation and low contamination rate for dyestuff separation.

In this work CS-SDAEM polymer brushes with long-chain structure were synthesized, and TiO/CS-SDAEM nanoparticles were prepared by modifying them on the TiO surface. The prepared modified membrane can effectively degrade dyes through photocatalysis and can reduce the contamination rate of the membrane during use. The separation membrane achieves efficient removal of contamination by self-cleaning.

Cancer history and accelerated aging: findings from a nationally representative sample in the US.

Purpose: Cancer and its treatments may accelerate the aging process. However, accelerated aging among cancer survivors is not well understood. This study examines accelerated aging among adults with and without a cancer history in a nationally representative sample and identifies health-related social needs and behavioral factors associated with accelerated aging.

Association of health insurance coverage disruptions and breast and colorectal cancer screening.

Background: Health insurance coverage is critical for ensuring access to recommended health care in the United States. This study investigated the associations of health insurance coverage disruptions, also known as coverage churn, and receipt of breast and colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: Adults who were age-eligible and younger than 65 years (range, 50-64 years) for breast (n = 17,128 women) and colorectal (n = 32,562 individuals) cancer screening were identified from 5 years of the National Health Interview Survey.

County-level jail and state-level prison incarceration and cancer mortality in the United States.

This study examined the association of county-level jail and state-level prison incarceration rates and cancer mortality rates in the United States. Incarceration rates (1995-2018) were sourced from national data and categorized into quartiles. County- and state-level mortality rates (2000-2019) with invasive cancer as the underlying cause of death were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System.

APH(3')-Ie, an aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme discovered in a rabbit-derived isolate.

Background: Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) play an essential role in bacterial resistance to aminoglycoside antimicrobials. With the development of sequencing techniques, more bacterial genomes have been sequenced, which has aided in the discovery of an increasing number of novel resistance mechanisms.

Methods: The bacterial species was identified by 16S rRNA gene homology and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses.

Ambient air pollution and survival in childhood cancer: A nationwide survival analysis.

Background: Particulate matter consisting of fine particles measuring 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM), a component of air pollution, has been linked to adverse health outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the association between ambient PM exposure and survival in children with cancer in the United States.

Association of Family Member Incarceration During Childhood and Smoking and Unhealthy Drinking Behaviors, Access to Care, and Functional Status Among Adults in the United States.

Importance: Incarceration can result in adverse socioeconomic and health consequences for individuals who have been incarcerated; these consequences extend to their children and may have impacts into later adulthood.

Objective: To examine the association of family member incarceration (FMI) during childhood and smoking and unhealthy drinking behaviors, access to care, and functional status in later adulthood.

Design And Participants: Adults aged 18-64 and ≥ 65 with and without FMI during childhood from 42 states and Washington DC from the 2019-2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Construction of CS-SDAEM long-chain polysaccharide derivative on TA@CNTs coated PVDF membrane with effective oil-water emulsion purification and low contamination rate.

Currently, the most effective way to improve the anti-fouling performance of water treatment separation membrane is to enhance the hydrophilicity of the membrane surface, but it can still cause contamination, leading to the occurrence of flux reduction. The construction of a strong hydration layer to resist wastewater contamination is still a challenging task. In this study, a defect-free hydration layer barrier was achieved by grafting chitosan polysaccharide derivatives (CS-SDAEM) on the membrane, which achieved in effective fouling prevention and low flux decline rate.

Health insurance literacy among patients receiving outpatient cancer treatment.

Background: This study examines patients' understanding of health insurance terms and concepts and quantifies health insurance literacy (HIL) levels by key sociodemographic factors.

Methods: This study included 393 adult patients with cancer (>18 years old) receiving treatment in two ambulatory infusion centers: Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, Arizona and the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Respondents' perceptions of their HIL were assessed using the Health Insurance Literacy Measure (HILM), a validated 21-item measure of a consumer's ability to select and use health insurance (HIL self-efficacy).

Acetylcytidine modification of Amotl1 by N-acetyltransferase 10 contributes to cardiac fibrotic expansion in mice after myocardial infarction.

Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological scarring process that impairs cardiac function. N-acetyltransferase 10 (Nat10) is recently identified as the key enzyme for the N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification of mRNAs. In this study, we investigated the role of Nat10 in cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI) and the related mechanisms.

Synergistic Interaction of Ionic Liquid Grafted Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) and Carbon Nanotubes to Construct Water Treatment Membranes with Multiple Separation Properties.

In this study, the dual strategy of 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid (IL) grafting and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposition was applied to modify poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based membranes. The highly hydrophilic/oleophobic and fouling-resistant PVDF--IL/CNTs membranes with excellent separation efficiency were obtained by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method with ethanol-water mixed solution as the coagulation bath. The grafted IL not only generated hydrophilic groups on PVDF chains but also acted together with the CNTs to induce the formation of hydrophilic β-crystalline phase of PVDF, which significantly improved the hydrophilicity and pore structure of the modified PVDF membranes.