Unraveling the GHG emission patterns of inland waters in China: impact of water body types, aquatic plant life forms, and water temperature.

Inland water ecosystems play key roles in the production, transportation, transformation, storage, and consumption of global greenhouse gases (GHG). Different water body types exhibit spatial and temporal differences after considering factors such as season and aquatic plant life forms. The results revealed that the annual global warming potential (GWP) (Tg CO-eq yr) from swamps, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs in China were 1382.

CuSbSe-Alloying-Induced High Thermoelectric Performance and Mechanical Robustness in BiTe-Based Thermoelectric Materials.

BiTe-based thermoelectric materials remain the only commercially viable candidates for low-grade waste heat recovery. However, their moderate thermoelectric performance and limited mechanical robustness constrain broader industrial applications. Here, a synergistic enhancement of both the thermoelectric and mechanical properties of BiSbTe is demonstrated by alloying with CuSbSe via high‑energy ball milling followed by hot pressing.

The Role of Emerging/Re-Emerging RNA Viruses in Bone-Related Diseases With a Focus on DENV, CHIKV, and SARS-CoV-2.

Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses represent a persistent and evolving global health threat. While primarily recognized for their acute systemic or respiratory illnesses, a growing body of evidence implicates several of these pathogens in the development or exacerbation of bone-related diseases. This review critically describes the multifaceted roles of selected major RNA viruses-Dengue Virus (DENV), Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)- in bone-related diseases.

Enhanced Band-Crystal Engineering Drives Superior Power Generation in GeTe.

Optimizing both electrical and thermal performance in thermoelectric (TE) materials is challenging due to the inherent coupling between carrier and phonon transport. To address this, targeted modulation of band structure and crystal lattice is achieved in the optimized GeZrPbTe(CuTe) sample. Zr/Pb incorporation optimizes the band structure and significantly enhances the Seebeck coefficient, while Pb-substituted Ge sites occupy a more symmetric geometric center, reducing Ge vacancies, increasing crystal symmetry, and facilitating delocalized carrier transport.

Optimized Interface Engineering Enhances Carrier and Phonon Scattering for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in Yb-Filled Skutterudites.

Thermoelectric (TE) performance in materials is often constrained by the strong coupling between carrier and phonon transport, necessitating trade-offs between electrical and thermal properties that limit improvements in the figure of merit (). Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to achieve simultaneous energy filtering and enhanced phonon scattering, effectively optimizing the TE properties of CoSb-based skutterudites. By introducing CuTe nanoprecipitates into the YbCoSb matrix, interfacial barriers are formed, which selectively filter low-energy charge carriers, significantly improving the Seebeck coefficient while maintaining high carrier mobility.

Synthesis of 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannosides and 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannuronic acid via stereoselective anomeric O-alkylation.

Stereoselective synthesis of 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannosides has been accomplished via CsCO-mediated anomeric O-alkylation of 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannoses with primary electrophiles. Selective oxidation of the C6 primary alcohol of the 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannoside successfully produced corresponding 2,3-diazido-2,3-dideoxy-β-d-mannuronic acid.

Synthesis of Antigenic Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit by Employing Cationic Gold(I)-Catalyzed Glycosylation Involving Glycosyl -1,1-Dimethylpropargyl Carbamate Donors.

Synthesis of an antigenic tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the -polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharide has been accomplished. Those four monosaccharides were assembled stereoselectively by employing our recently developed cationic gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation methodology involving various glycosyl -1,1-dimethylpropargyl carbamate donors. The newly formed α-anomeric stereochemical configuration was controlled by the axial C2-OBz of the glycosyl donors via anchimeric assistance.

Multifunctional GeMnTe Synergistically Optimizes Thermoelectric Properties of SnTe-InTe Alloys.

SnTe-InTe alloys ensure excellent electrical properties in the whole temperature region due to the resonant level. Nevertheless, temperature-sensitive resonance states and single phonon scattering restrict further improvement of thermoelectric performance. Consequently, it is anticipated that additional electrically independent scattering sources should be introduced to impede phonon transport.

Band engineering enhances thermoelectric performance of Ag-doped SnSe.

Ag doping can effectively increase the carrier concentration of-type SnSe polycrystalline, thereby enhancing the thermoelectric (TE) performance. However, the key role of the transport valence band in Ag-doped SnSe remains unclear. Particularly, understanding the influence of evaluating the optimal balance between band convergence and carrier mobility on weighted mobility is a primary consideration in designing high-performance TE materials.

Potassium carbonate-mediated -selective anomeric -alkylation with primary electrophiles: Application to the synthesis of glycosphingolipids.

Stereoselective construction of a variety of β-glycosides can be achieved using abundant and inexpensive KCO-mediated stereoselective anomeric O-alkylation of sugar lactols with primary electrophiles. In addition, application of this methodology to the synthesis of various azido-modified glycosphingolipids has been accomplished in good yields and excellent anomeric selectivity using sphingosine-derived primary triflate.

Synthesis of 2-Amino-2-deoxy-β-d-mannosides via Stereoselective Anomeric -Alkylation of 2,3-Oxazolidinone-Protected d-Mannosamine: Synthesis of the Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of 19F Polysaccharide.

Cesium carbonate-mediated stereoselective anomeric -alkylation of a 2,3-oxazolidinone-protected d-mannosamine with sugar-derived primary or secondary alkyl triflates afforded the corresponding 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-mannosides in moderate to good yields and excellent stereoselectivity. The oxazolidinone ring can be opened with aqueous alkali hydroxide to liberate the amine functionality. This method has been successfully applied to the synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of 19F polysaccharide.

Structure Optimization and Multi-frequency Phonon Scattering Boosting Thermoelectrics in Self-Doped CoSb-Based Skutterudites.

The utilization of thermoelectric devices that directly convert waste heat to electricity is an effective approach to alleviate the global energy crisis. However, the low efficiency of thermoelectric materials has puzzled the widespread applications. The CoSb-based skutterudites are favored by device integration due to the excellent thermal stability, while the development of pristine CoSb materials is limited by the ultra-high thermal conductivity and the poor Seebeck coefficient.

Restoration effects of submerged macrophytes on methane production and oxidation potential of lake sediments.

The restoration of submerged macrophytes is an important step in lake ecosystem restoration, during which artificially assisted measures have been widely used for macrophyte recolonization. Compared with natural restoration, the impact of artificially assisted methods on methane (CH) production and oxidation of lake sediments remains unclear. Therefore, after the restoration of submerged macrophytes in some parts of West Lake (Hangzhou, China), sediment samples from West Lake were collected according to restoration methods and plant coverage.

Cationic gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation with glycosyl -1,1-dimethylpropargyl carbamate donors.

A mild and efficient cationic gold(I)-catalyzed -glycosylation methodology involving the use of bench-stable glycosyl -1,1-dimethylpropargyl carbamate donors has been developed. In the presence of 1-2 mol% [tris(2,4-di--butylphenyl)phosphite]gold(I) chloride and 5 mol% silver triflate, both "armed" and "disarmed" glycosyl -1,1-dimethylpropargyl carbamate donors react with various sugar acceptors at room temperature to afford the corresponding glycosides in good to excellent yields. These glycosyl -1,1-dimethylpropargyl carbamates are found to be orthogonal to regular phenyl thioglycoside donors.

Stereoselective β-Mannosylation via Anomeric -Alkylation with L-Sugar-Derived Electrophiles.

A total synthesis of the trisaccharide repeat unit of serogroup E1 -antigen is reported. This synthesis features a key β-mannosylation reaction via cesium carbonate-mediated anomeric -alkylation of a partially protected D-mannose with an L-fucose-derived electrophile for the first time.

Stereoselective Synthesis of β-d-Manno-heptopyranoside via CsCO-Mediated Anomeric -Alkylation: Synthesis of a Tetrasaccharide Repeat Unit of Surface-Layer Glycoprotein.

Stereoselective synthesis of d-glycero- and l-glycero-β-d-mannoheptosides has been achieved by cesium carbonate-mediated β-selective anomeric -alkylation of the corresponding d-mannoheptoses. In addition, this method has been utilized in the total synthesis of a tetrasaccharide repeat unit of surface-layer glycoprotein.

Insulin reverses choriocarcinoma 5- fluorouracil resistance.

Choriocarcinoma (CC) is a gestational trophoblastic tumor secondary to a gravid or non-gravid pregnancy. It is characterized by rapid growth, high invasion, and high metastatic potential and chemotherapy resistance that significantly affect survival rate of CC patients. Insulin is implicated in alleviation of chemotherapy resistance in CC.

Synergistic Optimization of Electrical-Thermal-Mechanical Properties of the In-Filled CoSb Material by Introducing BiSbTe Nanoparticles.

How to realize the synergistic optimization of electrical-thermal-mechanical properties of thermoelectric materials is a key challenge. Using the BiSbTe nanoparticle as a mixed agent provides an effective way to address this challenge. Here, BiSbTe/InCoSb nanocomposites with different contents of BiSbTe nanoparticles were successfully prepared by ultrasonic dispersion combined with spark plasma sintering.

Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Azido-2-deoxy-β-d-mannosides via CsCO-Mediated Anomeric O-Alkylation with Primary Triflates: Synthesis of a Tetrasaccharide Fragment of Teichuronic Acid.

Cesium carbonate-mediated anomeric O-alkylation of various protected 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-mannoses with primary triflate electrophiles afforded corresponding 2-azido-2-deoxy-β-mannosides in good yields and excellent anomeric selectivity. In addition, 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin was found to be the optimal oxidant for preparation of those 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-mannoses from their corresponding thioglycosides. The utilization of this method was demonstrated in the synthesis of a tetrasaccharide fragment of teichuronic acid containing -acetyl-β-d-mannosaminuronic acid (ManNAcA).

-Mannosylation via -Alkylation of Anomeric Cesium Alkoxides: Mechanistic Studies and Synthesis of the Hexasaccharide Core of Complex Fucosylated N-Linked Glycans.

A number of structurally diverse D-mannose-derived lactols, including various deoxy-D-mannoses and conformationally restricted bicyclic D-mannoses, have been synthesized and investigated in mechanistic studies of -mannosylation via CsCO-mediated anomeric -alkylation. It was found that deoxy mannoses or conformationally restricted bicyclic D-mannoses are not as reactive as their corresponding parent mannose. This type of -mannosylation proceeds efficiently when the C2-OH is left free, and protection of that leads to inferior results.

Candidate for Magnetic Doping Agent and High-Temperature Thermoelectric Performance Enhancer: Hard Magnetic M-type BaFeO Nanometer Suspension.

How to prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles in nanocomposites remains a key challenge. Using nanometer suspension as a doping agent provides an effective approach to solve this challenge. A new technique that consists of chemical coprecipitation, ball milling and sedimentation separation metheds was developed for preparing hard magnetic M-type BaFeO nanometer suspension.

Facile Synthesis of Sugar Lactols via Bromine-Mediated Oxidation of Thioglycosides.

Synthesis of a variety of sugar lactols (hemiacetals) has been accomplished in moderate to excellent yields by using bromine-mediated oxidation of thioglycosides. It was found that acetonitrile is the optimal solvent for this oxidation reaction. This approach involving bromine as oxidant is superior to that using -bromosuccimide (NBS) which produces byproduct succinimide often difficult to separate from the lactol products.