Uncovering the CO emission evolution and reduction trends of industrial boilers in China.

Industrial boilers are an important anthropogenic source of CO emissions globally due to their considerable energy consumption. This study investigated the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and future reduction potential of CO emissions using the first established long time-series CO emission inventory of Chinese industrial boilers based on the updated localised emission factors and sub-fuel type activity level databases. Results showed that CO emissions from Chinese industrial boilers were estimated at 786.

Identification of candidate genes for grain size in barley through combined GWAS and transcriptome analysis.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop with diverse uses, including animal feed, beer brewing, and food production. Grain size plays a crucial role in determining grain weight and quality, which is one of the key breeding objectives in response to market and industry demands.

Cation Effect of Benzoate Salts on Conductivity Enhancement of PEDOT:PSS and Their Application in Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely used flexible electrode material due to its high optical transparency, tunable conductivity, and cost-effective solution processability. However, the excessive insulating PSS content in pristine PEDOT:PSS films leads to an unsatisfactory electrical conductivity and strong acidity. In this work, we introduce a novel class of benzoate salts to significantly enhance the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS by modulating the metal cations.

Nucleolar beacon for monitoring nucleolar morphology and proteomics in living cells.

The nucleolus is essential for ribosome biogenesis and stress regulation. However, because of its dynamic nature, there is still a lack of methods to specifically visualize nucleolar localization in living cells and to study dynamic changes in protein interaction networks within the cell nucleolus. In this study, we identified and engineered a signal peptide sequence, termed nucleolar beacon, which exhibits robust nucleolar localization and universal applicability across various mammalian cell types.

CD70 CAR-T cells empowered by TS-2021 through ex vivo transduction show potent antitumor efficacy against glioblastoma.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown limited efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) due to tumor antigen heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address these barriers, we developed a novel combinatorial approach: engineering CAR-T cells with third-generation oncolytic adenoviruses (OAd) to enable targeted viral delivery and sustained immune activation. Unlike conventional OAd administration, this strategy leverages CAR-T cells as tumor-tropic vectors for localized oncolysis and cytokine modulation.

Structural and molecular characterization of AmpS, a class D β-lactamase from Legionella pneumophila.

In Gram-negative bacteria, β-lactamase enzymes represent one of the most prevalent mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. These enzymes confer resistance by hydrolyzing the four-membered β-lactam ring in β-lactam antibiotics, resulting in inactive derivatives. In this study, we report the 1.

Significant synergistic emission reduction of atmospheric mercury in coal-fired industrial boilers in China.

Coal-fired industrial boilers (CFIBs) are a priority for air pollution control and the leading sources of mercury (Hg) emissions. However, specific quantitative research on its impact on emission reduction remains limited. The spatial and temporal evolution of atmospheric Hg emissions from CFIBs in China was investigated in detail by establishing atmospheric Hg emission inventories at the technology level and facility level for the years 2000-2019 and 2020-2060.

Copper selenide enhanced magnetic biochar for elemental mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas.

With the rapid development of adsorbents for removal of elemental mercury (Hg) from coal combustion flue gas, the preparation of adsorbents with superior performance, lower cost and environmental friendliness remains an important challenge. An incipient wetness impregnation method followed by in-situ selenization was used to load copper selenide (CuSe) onto the surface of optimal magnetic biochar (OMBC). The results showed that CuSe significantly enhanced the Hg removal performance of the OMBC, and CuSe loading ratio of 10 % (10CuSe/OMBC) had the best Hg removal performance.

Redefining Metal Organic Frameworks in Biosensors: Where Are We Now?

As a broad class of porous nanomaterials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit unique properties, such as broad tunability, high stability, atomically well-defined structure, and ordered uniform porosity. These features facilitate the rational design of MOFs as an outstanding nanomaterial candidate in biosensing, therapeutics delivery, and catalysis applications. Recently, novel modifications of the MOF nanoarchitecture and incorporation of synergistic guest materials have been investigated to achieve well-tailored functional design, gradually bridging the fundamental gap between structure and targeted activity.

[Electroacupuncture relieves neuropathic pain-induced anxio-depression-like behaviors by regulating glutamatergic neurons in the ventrolateral orbital cortex of mice].

Objectives: To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at "Yanglingquan" (GV34) and "Xuanzhong" (GB34) can alleviate anxio-depression-like behaviors induced by neuropathic pain and whether the effect of EA is in connection with the activity of glutamatergic neurons in the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO).

Methods: The neuropathic pain model was established by common peroneal nerve ligation (CPNL). GV34 and GB34 were selected in EA treatment (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1 mA), 15 min each time, once a day for 7 d.

Weak Near-Infrared Light Visualization Enabled by Smart Multifunctional Optoelectronics.

Visualizing weak NIR light is critical for sensing, imaging, and communication, but remains challenging due to inefficient detection and upconversion (UC) mechanisms. A smart NIR-to-visible photon-UC organic optoelectronic device is reported that integrates photodetection, light-emitting diode (LED), and photovoltaic capabilities to enable clear visualization of weak NIR light. The programmable device has continuous photodetection monitoring of the incident NIR intensity.

Review of pretreatment and analytical methods for environmental endocrine disruptors: phthalates.

Phthalates, known as phthalate esters (PAEs), are among the most ubiquitous pervasive environmental endocrine disruptors, extensively utilized globally in various facets of modern life due to their irreplaceable role as plasticizers. The exponential production and utilization of plastic goods have substantially escalated plastic waste accumulation. Consequently, PAEs have infiltrated the environment, contaminating food and drinking water reservoirs, posing notable threats to human health.

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic strategies to reveal adaptive mechanisms in barley plant during germination stage under waterlogging stress.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop used in animal feed, beer brewing, and food production. Waterlogging stress is one of the prominent abiotic stresses that has a significant impact on the yield and quality of barley.

Translation and validation of the 8-item contact lens dry eye questionnaire (CLDEQ-8) among Chinese soft contact lens wearers.

Purpose: To develop a Chinese version of the 8-item Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire (CLDEQ-8) with cross-cultural adaption and clinical validation among soft contact lens wearers (SCL) in China.

Methods: The translation and adaptation of the Chinese CLDEQ-8 (C-CLDEQ-8) followed a rigorous methodological process based on cross-cultural research guidelines consisting of three main phases: 1) forward and backward translation of original CLDEQ-8 into Chinese, 2) cross-cultural adaptation performed by medical advising committee, and 3) clinical validation and repeatability test of the translated questionnaire on Chinese SCL wearers. Rasch analysis was also performed to investigate the psychometric properties of C-CLDEQ-8.

Unlocking Bright and Switchable Dimeric Singlet Oxygen Electrochemiluminescence by Surface Engineering.

Visible electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of singlet oxygen (O) from the dimeric Δ state is a versatile and cost-efficient tool for sensing and imaging in various application fields such as biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, and material science. However, its implementation is hindered by weak emission and complex generation mechanisms. In this work, we enable a bright and switchable dimeric O ECL through facile yet effective surface engineering strategies on a screen-printed carbon electrode in aqueous media.

Structural, antioxidant activity, and stability studies of jellyfish collagen peptide-calcium chelates.

The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize jellyfish collagen peptide (JCP)-calcium chelates (JCP-Ca) using peptides with different molecular weights. Further analysis revealed that the low-molecular-weight jellyfish collagen peptide (JCP1) had a higher chelation rate. Structural characterization showed that functional groups such as N-H, C[bond, double bond]O, and -COO were involved in the formation of JCP-Ca, which shifted towards a more ordered and regular structure, and smaller-molecular-weight peptides were more likely to form a denser structure.

A comprehensive review of deactivation and modification of selective catalytic reaction catalysts installed in cement kilns.

After the ultralow emission transformation of coal-fired power plants, cement production became China's leading industrial emission source of nitrogen oxides. Flue gas dust contents at the outlet of cement kiln preheaters were as high as 80-100 g/m, and the calcium oxide content in the dust exceeded 60%. Commercial VO(-WO)/TiO catalysts suitable for coal-fired flue gas suffer from alkaline earth metal Ca poisoning of cement kiln flue gas.

Non-negligible environmental risks of typical hazardous trace elements in wastes from Chinese coal-fired industrial boilers.

Coal-fired industrial boilers (CFIBs) that provide heat for industrial production operate to produce large quantities of wastes containing hazardous trace elements (HTEs), threatening the quality of the environment. Based on the established facility-level material flow inventory of five typical HTEs (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb) of Chinese CFIBs in 2020, we explored the enrichment characteristics and environmental risks of HTEs in wastes at the regional scale from the perspective of substance flow and enrichment levels. Results showed that the shares of HTEs entering the waste stream were 2.

Silver Mineralized Protein Hydrogel with Intrinsic Cell Proliferation Promotion and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Properties for Accelerated Infected Wound Healing.

The presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has challenged the clinical treatment of bacterial infection. There is a real need for the development of novel biocompatible materials with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. Antimicrobial hydrogels show great potential in infected wound healing but are still being challenged.

Tracking the flows of Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in Chinese coal-fired industrial boilers.

Coal-fired industrial boilers (CFIBs) are critical anthropogenic contributors of heavy metals (HMs) because of their high coal consumption and complicated air pollution control facilities (APCDs). This study explored the flows of Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb in CFIBs at regional scale by establishing a boiler-level HMs inflow-outflow inventory. The results indicate that large-capacity CFIBs (≥ 65 t/h) are the leading contributors to HMs inflows.

Review on magnetic adsorbents for removal of elemental mercury from coal combustion flue gas.

Under the influence of human activities, atmospheric mercury (Hg) concentrations have increased by 450% compared with natural levels. In the context of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, which came into effect in August 2017, it is imperative to strengthen Hg emission controls. Existing Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) combined with collaborative control technology can effectively remove Hg and Hg; however, Hg removal is substandard.