Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio: U-Shaped Association With Overactive Bladder.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the association of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 22,343 participants (≥ 20 years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2018). We applied weighted multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression, subgroup, and sensitivity analyses to assess the associations between SII, NLR, and OAB.

Assessment of the safety benefits of HUD warning under high-risk pedestrian crossing event in the connected environment.

The head-up display (HUD) warning system in a connected environment is expected to improve driving behavior and enhance pedestrian crossing safety. While existing research has preliminarily examined the effectiveness of HUD warning system in avoiding pedestrian collisions, scant attention has been given to the microcosmic influence on driving behavior and a precise quantification of its overall benefits, especially in high-risk pedestrian crossing scenarios. To investigate these influences, this study employed driving simulations to construct six connected scenarios: three warning systems (Baseline/head-down display(HDD)/HUD) × two weather conditions (clear weather/foggy weather).

Integrative causal and single-cell analyses reveal genes responsive to endocrine disruptors driving human male infertility.

Male infertility is a growing global health concern increasingly linked to environmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which EDCs contribute to impaired reproductive function remain unclear. In this study, we systematically identified EDC-related genes using curated chemical-gene interaction databases and assessed their causal roles in male infertility through Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses, utilizing large-scale cis-eQTL and GWAS datasets.

Mapping the immune-genetic architecture of aging: A single-cell causal framework for biomarker discovery and therapeutic targeting.

Aging is a complex biological process driven by genetic and immune-mediated mechanisms, yet the causal roles of immune-cell-specific gene regulation remain unclear. In this study, we integrate single-cell expression quantitative trait loci (sc-eQTL) data with Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses to identify immune-mediated regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets for aging. Using data from 14 immune cell types, we systematically evaluated 8733 eGenes for causal effects on telomere length (TL), facial aging (FA), and frailty index (FI).

Sleep and Sugar: Deciphering the 2003-2023 Research Landscape on Sleep Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus via Bibliometric Study.

Objective: This study aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of the research landscape on sleep disorders and diabetes mellitus, exploring the volume and impact of scholarly publications, identifying leading contributors, and discerning emerging trends and hotspots within this field.

Methods: Utilizing the Web of Science™ Core Collection, we conducted a detailed search and analysis of publications related to sleep disorders and diabetes from January 2003 to December 2023. Tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed for data visualization, highlighting the contributions of authors, institutions, countries, and journals.

Expression of IL-33 in rodent testes and its role in Leydig cell steroidogenesis and aging.

Background: Serum testosterone (T) concentration declines with aging in men, potentially affecting reproduction, mental and physical well-beings. A role of immune factors in Leydig cell (LC) function is well-known, but the specific factors involved, especially these playing roles in LC aging, are still unclear. This study investigated effects of interleukin 33 (IL-33) on LC function and its expression during testicular aging.

Data-Driven Design of Random Heteropolypeptides as Synthetic Polyclonal Antibodies.

Antibodies are indispensable in biomedicine. However, conventional antibody development faces challenges, including high costs and lengthy production timelines spanning months. Here, we present a data-driven workflow for engineering random heteropolypeptides (RHPs) as synthetic polyclonal antibodies (SpAbs) with programmable binding properties.

Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of polydactyly in chickens.

Introduction: Polydactyly-the presence of extra digits-is a heritable limb anomaly observed in several chicken breeds. The Puan Panjiang black-bone chicken uniquely exhibits both four- and five-toed phenotypes, yet the genetic and transcriptional bases of this trait remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the genomic variants and gene expression changes underlying polydactyly in this breed.

Tracking relaxation dynamics of polaritons and reservoir states in organic exciton-polaritons.

Organic exciton-polaritons have garnered significant attention in optoelectronic devices and photochemistry, primarily due to their micrometer-scale diffusion lengths and tunable energy levels. Recent studies have underscored the critical role of reservoir states in the dynamical processes following polaritonic relaxation. However, questions remain regarding the peak assignments of reservoir states and their specific functions during relaxation.

Exaggerated Lung Inflammation Induced by Lung-Targeted mRNA-LNP Dampens Vaccines against Tuberculosis.

The challenges in developing a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine stem from the complex life cycle of () and various bacterial proteins encoded by approximately 4000 genes. mRNA is easy to design and can accommodate multiple antigens, suggesting that it may be an effective TB vaccine technology. Here, we designed an mRNA encoding Ag85B and ESAT6 that was delivered by lung targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNP-mRNA), intending to stimulate lung immunity to combat TB.

Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Liraglutide for Sustained Obesity Management.

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is recognized for its effectiveness in glycemic control and weight reduction. However, the pain associated with the traditional subcutaneous administration of liraglutide and needle phobia in some patients will seriously affect medication adherence. Transdermal delivery represents a promising alternative to subcutaneous injection for its convenience, noninvasiveness, and painlessness, and it can bypass the first-pass metabolism and multiple biological barriers of oral administration and be delivered in a controlled manner, resulting in steady drug levels.

Trends in the applications of artificial intelligence in fatty liver diseases.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly advanced and shows great potential in the prediction, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of fatty liver disease (FLD). This study aims to summarize AI's applications and emerging trends in FLD to inspire future research directions.

Method: We analyzed 270 articles sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection published between 2006 and 2024.

Nanosized Shikonin Disrupts Tumor-Cell Mismatch Repair and Synergizes with Manganese to Sensitize Squamous Carcinoma to Immunotherapy.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently develops resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, resulting from an immune-excluded microenvironment. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can increase tumor immunogenicity and further augment immune-cell infiltration by releasing immunogenic molecules. Hence, inducing ICD within tumors might be a promising strategy to restore antitumor immunity and sensitize HNSCC to ICB.

Emerging themes and future directions in space radiation health research: a bibliometric exploration from 2013 to 2022.

The impact of space radiation on health (SRHE) is extensive and significantly influences public health and space operations, making it essential to analyze global collaboration networks and track developmental trends over the last decade. However, bibliometric analysis in this area remains limited. This study aims to outline publication trends, citation patterns, major journals, key authors, institutional and national collaborations, and to explore emerging themes and future directions.

A systematic review on test performance of the driver takeover process in automated driving.

Much research has been conducted on takeover behavior in automated driving, and integrating these studies into a knowledge system can help to gain a deeper understanding of the current research status and guide critical future research. The takeover focused in this study refers to the takeover related to human intervention (i.e.

Planetary health diet index and mortality among US cancer survivors: mediating roles of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Background: Cancer-related deaths and environmental issues pose significant global challenges. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD) is a healthy dietary pattern that simultaneously promotes human health and ecology. This study aims to investigate the association between the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and mortality among cancer survivors, as well as the mediating role of inflammation between PHDI and all-cause mortality.

Photo-Induced Aerobic Oxidation of C-H Bonds.

The photo-induced aerobic oxidation of C-H bonds has become an increasingly valuable strategy in organic synthesis, offering a green and efficient method for introducing oxygen into organic molecules. The utilization of molecular oxygen as an oxidant, coupled with visible-light photocatalysis, has gained significant attention due to its sustainability, atom economy, and environmentally benign nature. This review highlights the recent advancements in the field, focusing on the development of metal-free and transition-metal-based photocatalytic systems and novel photosensitizers capable of promoting selective C-H bond oxidation.

Automatic segmentation-based multi-modal radiomics analysis of US and MRI for predicting disease-free survival of breast cancer: a multicenter study.

Background: Several studies have confirmed the potential value of applying radiomics to predict prognosis of breast cancer. However, the tumor segmentation in these studies depended on delineation or annotation of breast cancer by radiologist, which is often laborious, tedious, and vulnerable to inter- and intra-observer variability. Automatic segmentation is expected to overcome this difficulty.

Ultrasmall Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots with Robust Antioxidative Properties for Acute Kidney and Liver Injury Therapy.

Acute organ injuries, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute liver injury (ALI), usually present high morbidity and mortality in patients. However, the current clinical treatments remain limited, especially the lack of effective drug-based treatment. Since these acute injuries are often associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, it is a promising strategy to develop therapeutic agents with potent ROS scavenging ability and excellent biocompatibility for efficient antioxidation therapy.

Exploring the impact of fulvic acid on electrochemical hydrogen-driven autotrophic denitrification system: Performance, microbial characteristics and mechanism.

In this study, the effect of modulating fulvic acid (FA) concentrations (0, 25 and 50 mg/L) on nitrogen removal in a bioelectrochemical hydrogen autotrophic denitrification system (BHDS) was investigated. Results showed that FA increased the nitrate (NO-N) removal rate of the BHDSs from 37.8 to 46.

Effects of Leydig cell elimination on testicular interstitial cell populations: characterization by scRNA-seq and immunocytochemical techniques.

Background: The mammalian testicular interstitial cells are not well-defined. The present study characterized the interstitial cell types and their turnover dynamics in adult rats. Additionally, the heterogeneity of the mesenchymal population and the effects of Leydig cell elimination on interstitial homeostasis were further analyzed by scRNA-seq datasets and immunocytochemical techniques.

Precision Nanovaccines for Potent Vaccination.

Compared with traditional vaccines, nanoparticulate vaccines are especially suitable for delivering antigens of proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids and facilitating lymph node targeting. Moreover, apart from improving pharmacokinetics and safety, nanoparticulate vaccines assist antigens and molecular adjuvants in crossing biological barriers, targeting immune organs and antigen-presenting cells (APC), controlled release, and cross-presentation. However, the process that stimulates and orchestrates the immune response is complicated, involving spatiotemporal interactions of multiple cell types, including APCs, B cells, T cells, and macrophages.

Preoperative Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Breast Cancer Through Multimodal Deep Learning Based on Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Images.

Rationale And Objectives: Deep learning can enhance the performance of multimodal image analysis, which is known for its noninvasive attributes and complementary efficacy, in predicting axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis. Therefore, we established a multimodal deep learning model incorporating ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to predict ALN metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer from two hospitals composed of the primary cohort (n = 465) and the external validation cohort (n = 123).

Self-Oxygenated Hydrogel Enhances Immune Cell Response and Infiltration Via Triggering Dual DNA Damage to Activate cGAS-STING and Inhibiting CAFs.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer promise in breaking through the treatment and survival dilemma of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet only immunomodulatory subtype and ≈5% TNBC patients respond as monotherapy due to lack of effector immune cells (internal problem) and physical barrier (external limitation) formed by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). A hydrogel drug-delivery platform, ALG@TBP-2/Pt(0)/nintedanib (ALG@TPN), is designed to induce strong immune functions and the dual elimination of the internal and external tumor microenvironment (TME). Activated by white light, through type I and II photodynamic therapy (PDT), TBP-2 generates large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) intracellularly, oxidizing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).