Real-Time Detection of Distracted Walking Using Smartphone IMU Sensors with Personalized and Emotion-Aware Modeling.

This study introduces GaitX, a real-time pedestrian behavior recognition system that leverages only the built-in sensors of a smartphone eliminating the need for external hardware. The system is capable of detecting abnormal walking behavior, such as using a smartphone while walking, regardless of whether the device is handheld or pocketed. GaitX applies multivariate time-series features derived from accelerometer data, using ensemble machine learning models like XGBoost and Random Forest for classification.

Nitric oxide promotes cysteine N-degron proteolysis through control of oxygen availability.

Selected proteins containing an N-terminal cysteine (Nt-Cys) are subjected to rapid, O-dependent proteolysis via the Cys/Arg-branch of the N-degron pathway. Cysteine dioxygenation is catalyzed in mammalian cells by 2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase (ADO), an enzyme that manifests extreme O sensitivity. The canonical substrates of this pathway in mammalia are the regulators of G-protein signaling 4, 5, and 16, as well as interleukin-32.

Microencapsulation system for scalable differentiation of peripheral motor neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Stem cell-derived neural cells hold great potential for treating neurological disorders, but clinical translation is limited by the need for scalable, consistent, and functionally robust production systems. To address these challenges, we developed a microfluidic alginate encapsulation chip (MAEC) system for the high-throughput production of mature peripheral motor neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Alginate was selected for its biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and calcium-triggered gelation, enabling precise size control.

Evaluation of the effects of sea tangle water extract and various packaging methods on the product quality of pre-and post-rigor cured pork loin during storage.

Objective: This experiment evaluated the physicochemical properties of low-salt cured pork after adding hot-water-extracted sea tangle (HWEST; 5%, 10%) to pre-rigor loin and packaging with vacuum packaging (VAC) or modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; 70% CO2, 20% N2) over an 8-wk storage period at 10°C.

Methods: Pre-rigor cured loin (<1 h post-slaughter) treated with 0.8% salt and 5%/10% HWEST was prepared and compared to post-rigor cured loin with a salt level of 1.

Establishment of a Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cerebral Cortex Organoid Model for Neurotoxicity Assessment.

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived brain organoids have emerged as innovative models for drug screening and cytotoxicity evaluation. However, their inherent cellular heterogeneity presents challenges in isolating targeted neuronal populations, such as upper motor neurons, which are crucial for motor cortex function. In this study, we developed motor cortex-like organoids enriched with excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic neurons to assess neurotoxicity in the upper motor neurons-a key component of voluntary motor control.

Efficacy of enhanced stress resilience training for intensive-care unit nurses: a randomized waitlist control trial.

Background: Job stress and burnout are significant problems with negative impacts on psychological and occupational wellbeing of nurses.

Purpose: To examine the efficacy of 5-week Enhanced Stress Resilience Training (ESRT) among intensive-care unit (ICU) nurses.

Method: This randomized waitlist control trial included 48 ICU nurses in a university medical center in Northern California.

Application of Photocatalyzed TiO2 for Inactivation of Inhalant Allergens.

Introduction: Allergen avoidance, the most effective strategy against allergic diseases, does not readily apply to indoor inhalant allergens. Capturing and eliminating allergens in the air could be an effective strategy. In this study, we tested the capability of titanium dioxide (TiO2) to degrade allergens upon activation by a photocatalyst.

Effect of familiarity, brand loyalty and food neophobicity on food acceptance: A case study of instant noodles with consumers in Seoul, Beijing, and Shanghai.

This study investigated the factors influencing the liking and disliking of regular and spicy Jjajang instant noodles among consumers in Seoul (South Korea), Beijing (China), and Shanghai (China). The research examined the roles of cultural background, regional taste preferences, brand loyalty, and food neophobia. Four regular Jjajang instant noodles (two Korean and two Chinese brands) and two spicy Korean Jjajang noodles were tasted and evaluated by 312 consumers (Seoul = 106, Beijing = 105, Shanghai = 101) in blind condition using the 9-point hedonic scale and the Check-All-That-Apply method.

Standardized Extract and Its Major Compound, Xanthorrhizol, Mitigate Cancer-Associated Muscle Atrophy in CT26-Bearing Mice by Inhibiting Catabolic Signaling Pathways.

Cancer cachexia, defined by the gradual depletion of muscle and fat mass, is a complex multifactorial syndrome affecting up to 80% of cancer patients. This study investigated the effects of extract (CXE) and xanthorrhizol (XAN) in ameliorating cancer-induced muscle atrophy in BALB/c mice. Treatment with CXE and XAN reversed muscle mass loss, grip strength decline, and decrease in myofiber size induced by cancer.

Comparative analysis of bioaccessibility tests for metals and metalloids: Methodological advancements and implications for consumer product safety.

Bioaccessibility is crucial in human health risk assessment as it predicts the fraction of metals and metalloids absorbed by the human body. This study compared the modified RIVM method, which includes acid digestion, with the ERU 19899 EN method to assess the oral bioaccessibility of certified reference materials. The modified RIVM method showed higher bioaccessibility, offering more conservative health risk values.

Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for co-delivery of paclitaxel and PD-L1 siRNA.

This study aimed to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) capable of co-delivering paclitaxel (PTX) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance PTX bioavailability and bolster immunity through PD-L1 knockdown. We prepared a PTX-loaded NLC (P-NLC) and coated it with positively charged chitosan (Chi) to create P-NLC-Chi, which was subsequently conjugated to siRNA (P-NLC-Chi-siRNA). The P-NLC-Chi formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Evaluation of green kiwifruit juice extract on physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and tenderness of beef M. semitendinosus with in vitro digestion.

This study focused on the physicochemical properties and tenderness of vacuum-packaged beef M. semitendinosus as affected by various dilution ratios (DRs, 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1) of green kiwifruit juice extract (GKJE) with phosphate buffer during storage at 4°C for 7 days. In addition, the formation of peptides with antioxidant activity for GKJE ability to hydrolyze proteins present in beef was evaluated at different steps of in vitro digestion.

High Open-Circuit Voltage Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cell with Interface Dipole Layer.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high open-circuit voltage (V) represent a compelling and emerging technological advancement in high-performing perovskite-based tandem solar cells. Interfacial engineering is an effective strategy to enhance V in PSCs by tailoring the energy level alignments between the constituent layers. Herein, n-type quinoxaline-phosphine oxide-based small molecules with strong dipole moments is designed and introduce them as effective cathode interfacial layers.

The Neurodevelopmental Protein POGZ Suppresses Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Attenuating TGFβ Signaling.

The pogo transposable element-derived zinc finger protein, POGZ, is notably associated with neurodevelopmental disorders through its role in gene transcription. Many proteins involved in neurological development are often dysregulated in cancer, suggesting a potential role for POGZ in tumor biology. Here, we provided experimental evidence that POGZ influences the growth and metastatic spread of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC).

Effects of gold and green kiwifruit juices on the physicochemical properties and tenderness of pork loin and antioxidant activity during incubation (24 h) in a pork model system.

Objective: Although pork loins is not a tough meat, they need to develop meat products with a soft texture for the elderly. This study focused on the physicochemical properties and tenderness characteristics of pork loin injected with green kiwifruit juice (GRJ) and gold kiwifruit juice (GOJ) during various incubation times. In addition, the antioxidant activities of hydrolysate derived from the hydrolysis of pork loin by kiwifruit juice protease were evaluated.

A Comparative Study for Blockchain Applications in Nursing Informatics.

We explored blockchain's applications in nursing informatics, highlighting its potential to improve patient care and data management. We compared and analyzed eight studies focusing on blockchain in Electronic Health Records (EHR) management, nursing optimization, and research facilitation. Although most of these studies are in the proposal stage, blockchain's technical features show promise in enhancing nursing practices and supporting nursing informatics researchers with the integration of technologies.

MTOR modulation induces selective perturbations in histone methylation which influence the anti-proliferative effects of mTOR inhibitors.

Emerging data suggest a significant cross-talk between metabolic and epigenetic programs. However, the relationship between the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is a pivotal metabolic regulator, and epigenetic modifications remains poorly understood. Our results show that mTORC1 activation caused by the abrogation of its negative regulator tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) coincides with increased levels of the histone modification H3K27me3 but not H3K4me3 or H3K9me3.

An open-source, 3D printed inkjet DNA synthesizer.

Synthetic oligonucleotides have become a fundamental tool in a wide range of biological fields, including synthetic biology, biosensing, and DNA storage. Reliable access to equipment for synthesizing high-density oligonucleotides in the laboratory ensures research security and the freedom of research expansion. In this study, we introduced the Open-Source Inkjet DNA Synthesizer (OpenIDS), an open-source inkjet-based microarray synthesizer that offers ease of construction, rapid deployment, and flexible scalability.

extract and xanthorrhizol ameliorate cancer-induced adipose wasting in CT26-bearing mice by regulating lipid metabolism and adipose tissue browning.

Background: Cancer cachexia-characterized by anorexia, body weight loss, skeletal muscle atrophy, and fat loss-affects nearly 80% of cancer patients and accounts for 20% of cancer deaths. , known as Java turmeric, and its active compound xanthorrhizol (XAN) exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the ameliorative effects of extract (CXE) and XAN on cancer-associated adipose atrophy remain unexplored.

Effect of female body mass index on intrauterine insemination outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of women with a raised body mass index (BMI) seeking assisted conception treatment is increasing. Findings of existing studies evaluating the effect of female BMI on intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment outcomes remain inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effect of female BMI on IUI treatment outcomes.

Aquaporin-4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in a paraneoplastic context.

Objective: The association between aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin-G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-IgG-NMOSD) and cancer via a plausible immunological response has been reported. Here, we investigated the frequency of cancer in a large cohort of patients with AQP4-IgG-NMOSD.

Methods: Between May 2005 and January 2023, patients with AQP4-IgG-NMOSD and a history of cancer were included by searching for diagnostic codes of both NMOSD and cancer in the electronic medical records and/or reviewing the database of the National Cancer Center registry of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system.

Changes in oral bioaccessibility of heavy metals in non-digestive sucking habits due to the formation of complexes between digestive fluid components and metals/metalloids.

Humans, especially infants, are exposed to harmful substances through various means, including non-nutritive sucking behaviors. Here, we compared the "one-compartment model" and the "three-compartment model" within the "suck model" to assess the oral bioaccessibility of heavy metals in various products and evaluated whether these models can be employed to assess 12 heavy metals present in consumer products. Several certified reference materials, including plastic, paint, glass, and metals, were employed to ensure sample homogeneity.

Galactomannan Titer as a Diagnostic Marker of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) can occur in immunocompromised patients, and an early detection and intensive treatment are crucial. We sought to determine the potential of Aspergillus galactomannan antigen titer (AGT) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum titers of beta-D-glucan (BDG) to predict IPA in lung transplantation recipients, as opposed to pneumonia unrelated to IPA. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 192 lung transplant recipients.