Clinical characteristics and diagnostic factors of tumor-associated acute pancreatitis: A comparative analysis of early delayed diagnosis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a leading gastrointestinal cause of hospitalization worldwide. While gallstones, alcohol use, and hypertriglyceridemia account for most cases, pancreatic malignancy remains an underdiagnosed but critical etiology requiring prompt identification due to its significant prognostic implications.

Aim: To systematically evaluate the clinical characteristics of tumor-associated AP and identify risk factors influencing early diagnosis.

Gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis: Mechanistic insights, clinical biomarkers, and translational perspectives.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease shaped by complex interactions between genetics and environmental factors, among which gut microbiota has emerged as a critical modulator. Recent advances have implicated gut microbiota dysbiosis in RA pathophysiology, with evidence spanning mechanistic, diagnostic, and therapeutic dimensions. This review summarizes current knowledge of the gut-joint axis and outlines microbiota-based strategies for RA management.

Precise Modulation of BCB Reactive Sites via Lewis/Brønsted Acid Switching for the Synthesis of Spirocycles and Bridged Frameworks.

Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs), which possess multiple switchable reactive sites, serve as the most direct modular scaffolds for constructing benzene ring bioisosteres.

Enhancement of MAVS UFMylation and inhibition of lysosomal degradation of MAVS aggregates: New findings on broad-spectrum antiviral mechanism of Anemoside B4.

RNA viruses have evolved various strategies to bypass the mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) pathway, effectively sidestepping the host's innate immunity. Therefore, searching for MAVS signalosome regulators is crucial for the development of antiviral drugs. Here, we found RNA viral-drived MAVS lysosomal trafficking was inhibited by Anemoside B4 (B4), a triterpenoid saponin from the herbal medicine Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel.

Regulatory significance of terminator: A systematic approach for dissecting terminator-mediated enhancement of upstream mRNA stability.

The primary function of terminators is to terminate transcription in gene expression. Although some studies have suggested that terminators also contribute positively to upstream gene expression, the extent and underlying mechanism of this effect remain largely unexplored. Here, the correlation between terminating strength and upstream mRNA stability was investigated by constructing a terminator mutation library through randomizing 5 nucleotides, assisted by FlowSeq technology, terminator variants were categorized based on the downstream fluorescence intensity, followed by high-throughput sequencing.

Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in acute pancreatitis: Pathogenesis and new therapeutic interventions.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute gastrointestinal disorder affecting approximately 20% of patients with systemic inflammatory responses that may cause pancreatic and peripancreatic fat necrosis. This condition often progresses to multiple organ failure, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the body's reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, activates the inflammatory signaling pathways.

Photocatalytic Mechanisms of Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compounds.

Reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) has become possible by minimizing the energy gap between the first excited singlet (S) and triplet state (T), which facilitates the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Due to the small singlet-triplet energy gap, the S and T states exhibit comparable redox reactivity, leading organic TADF compounds to be potent photocatalysts. Here, we report such TADF compounds with multiple donor units designed as an efficient photocatalyst for the direct C(sp)-H carbamoylation of saturated aza-heterocycles.

Protein Engineering of Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase Based on a Combinatorial Semirational Design Strategy for Efficient Biocatalytic Synthesis of Nicotinamide Mononucleotides.

Industrial biosynthesis of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN) lacks a highly active nicotinamide riboside kinase for the phosphorylation process. Cumbersome preprocessing steps and excessive ATP addition contribute to its increased cost. To tackle these challenges, a docking combination simulation (DCS) semirational mutagenesis strategy was designed in this study, combining various modification strategies to obtain a mutant NRK-TRA with 2.

Colo-colonic intussusception as a rare complication of colonoscopy with polypectomy: Two case reports.

Background: Colonoscopy is the most frequently used diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the treatment of colorectal diseases. Although the complication rate is low, it can be potentially serious. Intussusception is a rare and severe complication often associated with polypectomy.

Transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications in the glycolytic pathway for targeted cancer therapy.

Cancer cells largely rely on aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect to generate essential biomolecules and energy for their rapid growth. The key modulators in glycolysis including glucose transporters and enzymes, e.g.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided lauromacrogol injection for treatment of colorectal cavernous hemangioma: Two case reports.

Background: Colorectal cavernous hemangioma is a rare vascular malformation resulting in recurrent lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and can be misinterpreted as colitis. Surgical resection is currently the mainstay of treatment, with an emphasis on sphincter preservation.

Case Summary: We present details of two young patients with a history of persistent hematochezia diagnosed with colorectal cavernous hemangioma by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).

Photocatalyzed Enantioselective Functionalization of C(sp)-H Bonds.

Owing to its diverse activation processes including single-electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT), visible-light photocatalysis has emerged as a sustainable and efficient platform for organic synthesis. These processes provide a powerful avenue for the direct functionalization of C(sp)-H bonds under mild conditions. Over the past decade, there have been remarkable advances in the enantioselective functionalization of the C(sp)-H bond via photocatalysis combined with conventional asymmetric catalysis.

Anemoside B4, a new pyruvate carboxylase inhibitor, alleviates colitis by reprogramming macrophage function.

Objectives: Colitis is a global disease usually accompanied by intestinal epithelial damage and intestinal inflammation, and an increasing number of studies have found natural products to be highly effective in treating colitis. Anemoside B4 (AB4), an abundant saponin isolated from Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge), which was found to have strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, the exact molecular mechanisms and direct targets of AB4 in the treatment of colitis remain to be discovered.

Exploring Solvent Polarity-Dependent Photocatalysis Mechanism of Organic Photoredox Catalysts.

Organic dyads with intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character are emerging as viable and more sustainable photocatalysts than metal-based complexes. Herein, a carbazole- and naphthalimide-based organic dyad () was designed as an efficient organic photocatalyst for the direct C(sp)-H carbamoylation of saturated aza-heterocycles. Aiming at understanding the effect of environment, especially the solvent polarity on photocatalysis performance, the excited-state dynamics of in different polar solvents were studied by femtosecond (fs) and nanosecond (ns) time-resolved transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy.

Organic photoredox catalyzed C(sp)-H functionalization of saturated aza-heterocycles a cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction.

Herein we present a novel protocol to access α-functionalized saturated aza-heterocycles, and a variety of nucleophilic groups, such as indole, naphthol, phenol, pyrrole, furyl, nitromethyl, and cyano, could be easily installed into saturated aza-heterocycles. Furthermore, a range of biologically valuable 3,3'-diindolylmethane derivatives could also be readily accessed under mild photocatalytic conditions.

[p53 regulates primordial follicle activation through the mTOR signaling pathway].

This paper aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of p53 on primordial follicle activation. Firstly, the p53 mRNA expression in the ovary of neonatal mice at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post-partum (dpp) and the subcellular localization of p53 were detected to confirm the expression pattern of p53. Secondly, 2 dpp and 3 dpp ovaries were cultured with p53 inhibitor Pifithrin-μ (PFT-μ, 5 μmol/L) or equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide for 3 days.

Protein engineering of NADH pyrophosphatase for efficient biocatalytic production of reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide.

NADH pyrophosphatase, a hydrolase catalyzing the phosphate bond of NADH to reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide, has potential applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Here, we investigated the effects of vector screening, promoter and RBS strategies on NADH pyrophosphatase expression and protein engineering on its enzymatic activity and thermal stability. In this study, we describe a NADH pyrophosphatase derived from ().

Inhibition of USP10 induces myeloma cell apoptosis by promoting cyclin D3 degradation.

The cell cycle regulator cyclin D3 (CCND3) is highly expressed in multiple myeloma (MM) and it promotes MM cell proliferation. After a certain phase of cell cycle, CCND3 is rapidly degraded, which is essential for the strict control of MM cell cycle progress and proliferation. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms regulating CCND3 degradation in MM cells.

Organic photoredox catalyzed dealkylation/acylation of tertiary amines to access amides.

A mild metal-free C-N bond activation strategy for the direct conversion of inert tertiary amines with acyl chlorides into tertiary amides organic photoredox catalysis is presented. In this protocol, a novel organic photocatalyst (Cz-NI-Ph) that showed excellent catalytic performance during C-N bond cleavage is developed. Moreover, this reaction features green and mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and readily available raw materials.

Gastric metastasis presenting as submucosa tumors from renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

Background: Gastric metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an extremely rare clinical entity. Due to an easily neglected RCC history, nonspecific symptoms and under-recognized endoscopic presentation may lead to a potential diagnostic pitfall in daily clinical practice.

Case Summary: We present a case of metastatic gastric tumors arising from RCC 5 years after radical nephrectomy.

Clinical characteristics of smoking-related chronic pancreatitis.

Objective: The pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not completely clear. With further studies, smoking is toxic to the pancreas. This study classified smoking-related CP as a new etiology of CP and defined the cutoff of smoking.

Hederacoside C ameliorates colitis via restoring impaired intestinal barrier through moderating S100A9/MAPK and neutrophil recruitment inactivation.

Hederacoside C (HSC) has attracted much attention as a novel modulator of inflammation, but its anti-inflammatory mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated how HSC attenuated intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro. HSC injection significantly alleviated TNBS-induced colitis by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production and colonic epithelial cell apoptosis, and partially restored colonic epithelial cell proliferation.

Intramedullary nailing for pathological fractures of the proximal humerus caused by multiple myeloma: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease is indicative of MM, and reduces patient life quality. In addition to oncological, antineoplastic systemic therapy, surgical therapy in patients with MM is an essential treatment within the framework of supportive therapy measures and involves orthopedic tumor surgery. Nevertheless, there are few reports on intramedullary (IM) nailing in the treatment of MM-induced proximal humeral fracture to prevent fixation loss.