Efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone added to metformin and sitagliptin combination therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 52-week, multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trial.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding lobeglitazone to a triple therapy regimen in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes whose blood glucose levels were inadequately controlled despite dual therapy with metformin and sitagliptin.

Materials And Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study involved 231 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes whose HbA1c levels ranged from 7.0% to 10.

The Role of the Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile Index in Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation Among Euthyroid Koreans.

Context: Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in metabolic regulation and maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. The Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (PTFQI) assesses central thyroid hormone sensitivity by standardizing the inverse relationship between free thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Objective: To investigate the relationship between PTFQI and cardiovascular risk in the euthyroid Korean population.

Higher Circulating Resistin Levels Linked to Increased Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults.

Context: Experimental evidence indicates that resistin, an adipokine, negatively impacts muscle metabolism by hindering myogenesis.

Objective: To explore resistin's potential as a biomarker of muscle health in humans by examining the relationship between circulating resistin levels and sarcopenia in older adults.

Design And Setting: A case-control study conducted in a geriatric clinical unit.

Real-World Outcomes of Individualized Targeted Therapy with Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL in Insulin-Naïve Korean People with Type 2 Diabetes: TOBE Study.

Introduction: The TOujeo BEyond glucose control (TOBE) study evaluated clinical outcomes with insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) in insulin-naïve Korean people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a real-world setting.

Methods: This 24-week, prospective, non-interventional, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, observational study included adults aged ≥ 20 years with T2DM suboptimally controlled with oral hypoglycemic agents and/or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists who require basal insulin. Eligible participants were assigned to either general target glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c < 7%) or individualized target groups as per physician's discretion considering guidelines and participants' characteristics.

A 52-week efficacy and safety study of enavogliflozin versus dapagliflozin as an add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: ENHANCE-M extension study.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin 0.3 mg/day added to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: After 24 weeks of a randomized, double-blind treatment period with enavogliflozin 0.

Pioglitazone as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Dapagliflozin and Metformin: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Backgruound: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of triple therapy with pioglitazone 15 mg add-on versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled with metformin and dapagliflozin.

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 study, patients with T2DM with an inadequate response to treatment with metformin (≥1,000 mg/day) plus dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) were randomized to receive additional pioglitazone 15 mg/day (n=125) or placebo (n=125) for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels from baseline to week 24 (ClinicalTrials.

Impact of anthropometric parameters on outcomes in Asians with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Background: We examined the incidence and predictors of clinical outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), focusing on anthropometric parameters.

Methods: Adult patients with MAFLD were identified in nationwide databases and a hospital cohort. Primary endpoints were atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and advanced fibrosis.

Efficacy and Safety of Evogliptin Add-on Therapy to Dapagliflozin/Metformin Combinations in Patients with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 24-Week Multicenter Randomized Placebo-Controlled Parallel-Design Phase-3 Trial with a 28-Week Extension.

Backgruound: This study investigates the long-term efficacy and safety of evogliptin add-on therapy in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) previously received dapagliflozin and metformin (DAPA/MET) combination.

Methods: In this multicenter randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels 7.0% to 10.

Long-Term Changes in the Mortality Rates of Thyroid Cancer in Korea: Analysis of Korean National Data from 1985 to 2020.

Backgruound: Thyroid cancer mortality has been largely overlooked as relatively stable given the large gap between thyroid cancer incidence and mortality. This study evaluated long-term trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) throughout Korea and compared them with mortality data reported by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER).

Methods: Cancer-specific mortality data from 1985 to 2020 were obtained from Statistics Korea.

Efficacy of Gemigliptin Add-on to Dapagliflozin and Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (SOLUTION).

Backgruound: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of add-on gemigliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had inadequate glycemic control with metformin and dapagliflozin.

Methods: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind, phase III study, 315 patients were randomized to receive either gemigliptin 50 mg (n=159) or placebo (n=156) with metformin and dapagliflozin for 24 weeks. After the 24-week treatment, patients who received the placebo were switched to gemigliptin, and all patients were treated with gemigliptin for an additional 28 weeks.

Efficacy and safety of monotherapy with enavogliflozin in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results of a 12-week, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin, a newly developed sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, with placebo in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Patients with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.0-10.

Efficacy and Safety of Enavogliflozin versus Dapagliflozin as Add-on to Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 24-Week, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial.

Backgruound: Enavogliflozin is a novel sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor currently under clinical development. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin as an add-on to metformin in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) against dapagliflozin.

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 study, 200 patients were randomized to receive enavogliflozin 0.

C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 promotes myogenesis of myoblasts via the AKT-mTOR pathway.

Muscle mass decreases with aging, while the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) increases with aging; in this context, CCL2 can be considered a potential aging-promoting factor. Thus, CCL2 knockout mice are expected to exhibit anti-aging effects including protection against loss of muscle mass. However, instead, muscle amount and recovery of damaged muscles are decreased in CCL2 knockout mice.

Recent Changes in the Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Korea between 2005 and 2018: Analysis of Korean National Data.

Backgruound: In this study, we evaluated the recent changes in the standardized, age-specific, stage-specific incidence rates (IRs) of thyroid cancer in Korea and compared them with the incidence data reported by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

Methods: The analysis was conducted using the incidence data (2005 to 2018) from the Statistics Korea and Korea Central Cancer Registry.

Results: The age-standardized IR (SIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 24.

Effect of a Web-Based Management Guide on Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A JADE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and its comorbidities can be prevented by treating multiple targets. Technology-assisted team-based care with regular feedback and patient empowerment can improve the attainment of multiple targets and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the effects of this intervention on patients with DKD are unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) web portal, nurse reminders, and team-based care on multiple risk factors in patients with DKD.

Association between thyroid hormones and insulin resistance indices based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Thyroid dysfunction has been implicated as a potential pathophysiological factor in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to identify the correlation between thyroid dysfunction and IR. We used data from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate a total of 5727 participants.

Mutation Profile of Aggressive Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma with Comparison of TCGA Data.

In pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL), germline or somatic mutations in one of the known susceptibility genes are identified in up to 60% patients. However, the peculiar genetic events that drive the aggressive behavior including metastasis in PPGL are poorly understood. We performed targeted next-generation sequencing analysis to characterize the mutation profile in fifteen aggressive PPGL patients and compared accessible data of aggressive PPGLs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) with findings of our cohort.

Mitophagy deficiency increases NLRP3 to induce brown fat dysfunction in mice.

Although macroautophagy/autophagy deficiency causes degenerative diseases, the deletion of essential autophagy genes in adipocytes paradoxically reduces body weight. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in body weight regulation and metabolic control. However, the key cellular mechanisms that maintain BAT function remain poorly understood.

Short-Term Effects of Beraprost Sodium on the Markers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Microalbuminuria.

Background: To evaluate the changes in cardiovascular risk markers including pulse wave velocity (PWV), microalbuminuria, inflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules after treatment with beraprost sodium (BPS) in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microalbuminuria were included.

Changes in Thyroid Peroxidase and Thyroglobulin Antibodies Might Be Associated with Graves' Disease Relapse after Antithyroid Drug Therapy.

Background: Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disorder caused by antibodies stimulating the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor. TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) measurement is useful for predicting GD relapse after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. However, the association of other thyroid autoantibodies with GD relapse remains obscure.

Association between metabolic parameters and glomerular hyperfiltration in a representative Korean population without chronic kidney disease.

Aims: To investigate associations of glomerular hyperfiltration with other metabolic factors in a nationally representative dataset.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 15,918 subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and urine albumin creation ratio (ACR) <30 mg/g, who participated in the 5th and 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

Efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combination therapy with gemigliptin (50 mg) and rosuvastatin compared with monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia (BALANCE): A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of gemigliptin and rosuvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 33 hospitals in Korea participated in this randomized, double-blind trial of diabetic patients with dyslipidaemia. A total of 290 participants were randomly assigned at a 1:1:1 ratio to receive an FDC of gemigliptin (50 mg) and rosuvastatin (20 mg) (GEMI/ROSU FDC group), gemigliptin (50 mg) (GEMI group) or rosuvastatin (20 mg) (ROSU group).

Changes in standardized mortality rates from thyroid cancer in Korea between 1985 and 2015: Analysis of Korean national data.

Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased very rapidly in Korea; however, most previous studies suggested that the mortality rate for thyroid cancer remained stable. The objective of the current study was to evaluate recent changes in standardized thyroid cancer mortality using data from Statistics Korea.

Methods: Population and mortality data from 1985 through 2015 were obtained from Statistics Korea.