Development of PCR-based markers for the identification of wheat HMW glutenin subunit alleles at the GLU-A1 and GLU-D1 loci.

The allelic variations of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit locus in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) markedly influence grain end-use quality. GLU-A1, GLU-B1, and GLU-D1, which encode high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, are located on the long arms of chromosomes 1A, 1B, and 1D, respectively.

Multiparametric MRI Features of Plasmacytoid Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder.

Objective: Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare aggressive bladder cancer subtype with limited imaging data owing to its low incidence. This study aimed to report the characteristic features of PUC on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 13 patients with histologically confirmed PUC who underwent preoperative mpMRI between January 2019 and August 2024.

Scalable Inter-Dielectric Engineering via Vapor-Phase Synthesis Process for Top-Gate MoS Thin-Film Transistor.

2D semiconductors are promising channel materials for next-generation thin-film transistors (TFTs) in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, their inert, dangling-bond-free surfaces make uniform high-k dielectric integration challenging and can lead to interface defect formation. Here, a scalable inter-dielectric engineering strategy is introduced to address this challenge, using initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) to deposit an ultrathin nonpolar poly(1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-trivinylcyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3) film as an interlayer between MoS and HfO.

Integrating analytical quality by design into bioanalytical method development: an HPLC-FLD method for quantification of alectinib in biological matrix.

This study presents the development and validation of a fluorescence-based high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantification of alectinib in rat plasma, with a focus on the application of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) to bioanalytical method development. Unlike conventional QbD applications, which primarily address synthetic formulations or instrumental settings, this study systematically applied AQbD principles to the complex environment of biological matrices. Critical method parameters, including the organic phase ratio, buffer concentration, and flow rate, were identified through Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, and optimized using a Box-Behnken design.

Functional evaluation of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition as an in vitro screening tool for pulmonary fibrosis.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), a major component of humidifier disinfectants (HDs) linked to fatal lung injuries, has been implicated in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. However, most previous studies have primarily focused on epithelial injury, with limited attention to fibroblast activation - a central mechanism in fibrogenesis. In this study, we present an integrated testing strategy (ITS) designed for the early in vitro screening of fibrogenic agents, centered on fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) as a core functional and mechanistic endpoint.

Effect of cerebral embolic protection device on new cerebral embolism during transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A prospective sentinel registry.

Background: Cerebral embolization is a common complication following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Cerebral embolic protection (CEP) devices have the potential to reduce embolic burden to the cerebral circulation; however, their effectiveness in real-world patients at high risk of stroke remains insufficiently studied.

Methods: As part of imaging study of the prospective Sentinel registry (NCT05217888), we evaluated the effect of CEP on new cerebral embolism as determined by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR who were considered at high risk for stroke.

Inhibition of breast cancer resistance protein by flavonols: in vitro, in vivo, and in silico implications of the interactions.

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, plays a key role in the efflux of various drugs and is linked to multidrug resistance in cancer therapy. Flavonoids, particularly those with a flavonol backbone, have shown promise as inhibitors of BCRP activity; however, their specific inhibitory effects are not fully understood. This study explored the inhibitory effects of 77 flavonols on BCRP and identified 22 compounds with significant inhibitory activity.

ameliorates progression of steatotic liver disease by regulating bile acid, lipid, inflammation and proliferation.

Gut microbiota and their metabolites are known to influence the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In this study, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of in modulating MASLD progression, beginning with clinical observations and followed by mechanistic validation in animal models. Human data (49 healthy controls and 129 MASLD patients) were collected to investigate gut microbial biomarkers.

Tobacco smoking as an endocrine disrupting chemical: An assessment through biological monitoring.

Introduction: Tobacco smoke is a mixture of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which may accelerate biological ageing.

Methods: Within this cross-sectional study we recruited adult and adolescent subjects (2013-2014) and performed biological monitoring to clarify health end points of tobacco smoking between adolescents and adults (n=620) with exposure biomarkers, i.e.

Estimation of BPA, BPS, and BPF exposure levels in the general Korean population using the physiologically-based toxicokinetic model and human urinary biomonitoring for risk assessment.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disruptor, and its risk levels are regulated by various authorities. In response to regulatory policies, industrial substitutes for BPA, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), have been introduced, raising concerns about their potential toxicity. Owing to the limited information on these new alternatives, using only traditional scenario-based risk assessments is insufficient.

Prognostic Variability in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Pathologic Separate Nodules in the Same Lobe at CT.

Background Patients with stage T3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with separate nodules (SNs) have been reported to have better outcomes than those with T3 tumors with other descriptors, but heterogeneity may exist depending on nodule characteristics. Purpose To identify prognostic factors based on the imaging features of SNs among patients with pathologically confirmed SNs in the same lobe. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients with pT2b-pT3 NSCLC who underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy between January 2010 and December 2021.

Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate in Memory Impairment: Multi-Target Strategy Against Amyloid-β-Induced Neurotoxicity.

This study investigated the potential neuroprotective mechanisms of porcine brain enzyme hydrolysate (PBEH) against Alzheimer's disease pathology using differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Differentiated neuronal cells were treated with 40 μM amyloid-β(1-42; Aβ) to induce neurotoxicity, followed by PBEH treatment (12.5-400 μg/mL), Com-A (peptide-based neuroprotective supplement; 200 μg/mL) treatment, and Com-B (herbal extract known for improving memory function; 100 μg/mL) treatment.

Nanowire-based artificial photoreceptors with multi-hyperuniformity inspired by chicken retina.

Retinal cells of chicken possess a hyperuniform distribution enabling exceptional spatial sampling. Recently, interest has grown in mimicking biological imaging systems for optoelectronics technology. However, since biological retinal cells and current imaging pixels have a significant scale mismatch such as super-micron and sub-micron, the applicability of hyperuniform distribution must be investigated at sub-micron scale, considering wave-optics phenomena.

Color-Tunable Glass for Adaptable Thermal Management Based on Silver Phase Change.

In recent years, passive thermal management systems have emerged as an essential energy-saving strategy to mitigate carbon emissions. However, traditional heat management approaches, such as photothermal devices and radiative coolers, often face application limitations due to their complex construction, aesthetic constraints, and inability to adapt to diverse architectural requirements. This study proposes a colored thermal engineering glass fabricated through a simple annealing process, where Ag nanoparticles are formed on a TiO film and an Ag layer.

Exercise-induced CLCF1 attenuates age-related muscle and bone decline in mice.

Skeletal muscle undergoes many alterations with aging. However, the impact of aging on muscle's ability to secrete myokines and its subsequent effects on the body remain largely unexplored. Here, we identify myokines that have the potential to ameliorate age-related muscle and bone decline.

Long-term outcomes of intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting for multivessel coronary artery disease.

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve outcomes in complex coronary artery disease compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, long-term comparisons between IVUS-guided PCI and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for multivessel disease (MVD) remain limited.

Methods: This post hoc analysis of the Bypass Surgery and Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation in the Treatment Extended Follow-up study included 880 patients with MVD, excluding 15 patients who received medical therapy.

Enhancing embryonic and full-term development during mouse cloning through post-activation treatment with JNJ-7706621.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is widely researched for animal cloning. However, SCNT embryos frequently exhibit reduced developmental potential compared to those generated through natural reproduction. This study aimed to improve SCNT mouse embryo development by assessing the effects of JNJ-7706621 (JNJ, a specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and aurora kinases) as a post-activation treatment, replacing cytochalasin B (CB).

Health-related quality-of-life assessment in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: A comparison of EQ-5D-5L and EORTC instruments.

Objective: This study assessed and compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with oropharyngeal cancer in Korea using the following instruments: the EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L); EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 30 (QLQ-C30); and the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire - Head and Neck 35 (QLQ-H&N35). The principal goal was to evaluate suitability of the EQ-5D-5L for assessing HRQoL in patients with oropharyngeal cancer.

Methods: A survey was conducted from August 2023 to March 2024 in 297 patients with oropharyngeal cancer across 14 hospitals in Korea.

Comparison of oncological outcomes and complication rate between radical hysterectomy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage IIICr cervical cancer without parametrial invasion.

Background: This study aimed to compare oncological outcomes and complication rates between radical hysterectomy (RH) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with stage IIICr cervical cancer without parametrial invasion, based on differing treatment protocols at two institutions.

Methods: A total of 106 patients with biopsy-confirmed cervical cancer and lymph node metastasis detected on pretreatment imaging, but without evidence of parametrial invasion, were enrolled. Of these, 55 patients underwent RH, while 51 patients received CCRT.

Predicting neurological complications post clipping surgery in unruptured intracranial aneurysms using the NEURO score: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Predicting fatal neurological complications after clipping surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) is crucial; however, existing scoring systems are limited by narrow consideration of factors. We aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive risk stratification scoring system that incorporates patient-, aneurysm-, and operation-specific variables for predicting postoperative neurological complications in UIA surgeries.

Methods: This multi-center retrospective cohort study was conducted from September 2018 to October 2023.

A signpost to guide the key therapeutic components of Aralia continentalis Kitag roots in treating T2DM-derived heart attack, and diabetic nephropathy via systems biology concept.

Aims: Aralia continentalis Kitag roots (ACKRs) have been regarded as a nutritional natural resource for treating different diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its complications (heart attack; HA, diabetic nephropathy; DN). Nonetheless, an extensive investigation of T2DM-derived complications has yet to be performed.

Main Methods: Accordingly, we adopted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the molecules of ACKRs, followed by the use of cheminformatics (Similarity Ensemble Approach; SEA, SwissTargetPrediction; STP), bioinformatics (STRING, DisGeNET, and OMIM), and computer screening tools to investigate its corresponding targets, in T2DM diseases and its complications.

IGF-1 promotes trophectoderm cell proliferation of porcine embryos by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) influences various aspects of embryogenesis, including embryonic development. This study investigated the effects of IGF-1 on early embryonic development in pig embryos, focusing on its interaction with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a key regulator of cell adhesion and proliferation.

Methods: Porcine embryos were used for experiments with chemical treatments to study blastocyst development and underlying mechanism.

NEK2 supports porcine embryonic development by modulating the AKT signaling pathway.

Aims: Serine/threonine kinase NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle and DNA damage response. This study explored the mechanisms by which NEK2 inhibition affects porcine embryonic development.

Materials And Methods: To explore the role of NEK2 in porcine embryonic development, we used the NEK2 inhibitor JH295 and the AKT activator SC79.

Preoperative Computed Tomography-Based Prediction and Patterns of Lymph Node Metastasis in Renal Pelvis and Ureteral Urothelial Carcinomas.

The accurate preoperative prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis is essential to optimizing surgical management in renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma (RPUC) and ureteral urothelial carcinoma (UUC). This study evaluates the predictive value of preoperative computed tomography (CT) findings in detecting LN metastasis and determining primary metastatic LN location based on the tumor site. This retrospective study included 48 RPUC and 97 UUC patients who underwent surgery with lymph node dissection (LND) between 2005 and 2023.