Privacy-Preserving Generation of Structured Lymphoma Progression Reports from Cross-sectional Imaging: A Comparative Analysis of Llama 3.3 and Llama 4.

Efficient processing of radiology reports for monitoring disease progression is crucial in oncology. Although large language models (LLMs) show promise in extracting structured information from medical reports, privacy concerns limit their clinical implementation. This study evaluates the feasibility and accuracy of two of the most recent Llama models for generating structured lymphoma progression reports from cross-sectional imaging data in a privacy-preserving, real-world clinical setting.

Improved Outcomes from Prolonged Percutaneous Biliary Drainage in Pediatric Patients with Biliary Stenosis after Liver Transplantation.

Purpose: Biliary complications affect 15-40% of pediatric liver transplants (pLT), with biliary strictures (BS) occurring in 5-23%. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is the primary reconstructive technique. This study evaluates patency rates, outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD), and predictors of stenosis recurrence.

Successful endovascular thrombectomy of a dislodged hemodialysis catheter fragment and thrombus from the superior vena cava via the basilic vein: A case report.

In multimorbid patients with end-stage kidney disease awaiting renal transplantation, thromboembolic events may significantly complicate and delay the transplantation process. In the period bridging the transplant, hemodialysis is often carried out using a hemodialysis catheter, which is susceptible to complications. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies negative vasculitis, awaiting an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant, and whose hemodialysis catheter required removal due to improper functioning.

Intermuscular adipose tissue and lean muscle mass assessed with MRI in people with chronic back pain in Germany: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Chronic back pain (CBP) affects over 80 million people in Europe, contributing to substantial healthcare costs and disability. Understanding modifiable risk factors, such as muscle composition, may aid in prevention and treatment. This study investigates the association between lean muscle mass (LMM) and intermuscular adipose tissue (InterMAT) with CBP using noninvasive whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Simulator training for enhanced interventional radiology education.

To address the challenges of staff shortages and the need to gain practical experience in interventional radiology by increasing attention in the medical curriculum, especially in combination with the opportunity to successfully gain hands-on experience, can help influence medical students' career decisions in favor of IR. Regular training on VR simulators can reduce the amount of X-ray radiation needed to adequately care for patients. Ten medical students underwent five angiographic training sessions using an endovascular simulator.

Future liver remnant hypertrophy and postoperative outcomes: a retrospective comparison between segmental and main right portal vein embolization.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of segmental right portal vein embolization (SRPVE) versus main right portal vein embolization (MRPVE) in preoperative preparation for major hepatectomy.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 220 consecutive patients who underwent portal vein embolization (PVE) before (extended) right hemihepatectomy between January 2014 and June 2021. Seventy-one patients underwent selective segmental embolization (SRPVE) and 149 patients underwent MRPVE.

Evaluating small coronary stents with dual-source photon-counting computed tomography: effect of different scan modes on image quality and performance in a phantom.

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the feasibility and image quality of dual-source photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) in evaluating small-sized coronary artery stents with respect to different acquisition modes in a phantom model.

Methods: Utilizing a phantom setup mimicking the average patient's water-equivalent diameter, we examined six distinct coronary stents inflated in a silicon tube, with stent sizes ranging from 2.0 to 3.

Gender- and personality-specific differences in academic qualifications, research motivation, and attractiveness of leadership positions: a survey among radiologists from Germany.

This study investigated gender- and personality-specific differences in academic qualifications, research motivation, and options to increase the attractiveness of leadership positions in radiology.A validated questionnaire with 66 questions was distributed via the German Roentgen Society and individually sent to 4,500 radiologists in Germany. Participants were asked about their gender.

Large Language Models for Simplified Interventional Radiology Reports: A Comparative Analysis.

Purpose: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate and compare the performance of leading large language models (LLMs), including proprietary models (GPT-4, GPT-3.5 Turbo, Claude-3-Opus, and Gemini Ultra) and open-source models (Mistral-7b and Mistral-8×7b), in simplifying 109 interventional radiology reports.

Methods: Qualitative performance was assessed using a five-point Likert scale for accuracy, completeness, clarity, clinical relevance, naturalness, and error rates, including trust-breaking and post-therapy misconduct errors.

Resolving a sticky situation: A case report of mechanical thrombectomy of Histoacryl emboli in the right atrium and inferior vena cava.

A 68-year-old male with liver cirrhosis presented with dizziness and dyspnea two days after endoscopic Histoacryl occlusion of gastric varicses. Imaging revealed a large endovascular embolization of Histoacryl glue, spanning from porto-caval collaterals via the inferior vena cava to the right atrium, partially occluding right atrial inflow. This case report describes the successful removal of this large net-like mass of Histoacryl glue using thrombectomy devices from the inferior vena cava and the right atrium.

Evaluation of a prototype metal artifact reduction algorithm for cone beam CT in patients undergoing radioembolization.

Metal artifacts notoriously pose significant challenge in computed tomography (CT), leading to inaccuracies in image formation and interpretation. Artifact reduction tools have been designed to improve cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image quality by reducing artifacts caused by certain high-density materials. Metal artifact reduction (MAR) tools are specific algorithms that are applied during image reconstruction to minimize or eliminate artifacts degrading CBCT images.

Work expectations, their fulfillment, and exhaustion among radiologists of all career levels: what can be learned from the example of Germany.

Objectives: To evaluate work expectations of radiologists at different career levels, their fulfillment, prevalence of exhaustion, and exhaustion-associated factors.

Methods: A standardized digital questionnaire was distributed internationally to radiologists of all career levels in the hospital and in ambulatory care via radiological societies and sent manually to 4500 radiologists of the largest German hospitals between December 2020 and April 2021. Statistics were based on age- and gender-adjusted regression analyses of respondents working in Germany (510 out of 594 total respondents).

Gender differences and cooperation in medical authorships - an analysis of the recent ten years in five key medical disciplines.

Background: Career prospects in academic medicine are strongly linked to scientific authorship and this marker has been widely used as an indicator of gender equity in academia. However, direct comparisons of medical disciplines regarding their proportion of female physicians (FP) in different countries are missing. This study examines the gender parity and gender cooperation using first authorships (FA) and senior authorships (SA) of scientific publications in five medical disciplines and six different OECD countries over a 10-year time-trend.

Foreign Healthcare Professionals in Germany: A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Discrimination Experiences and Equal Treatment at Two Large University Hospitals.

Objective: To identify facilitators and barriers and derive concrete measures towards better workplace integration of migrants working in the German healthcare sector.

Design: Two-centre cross-sectional quantitative online survey of experiences of discrimination among healthcare professionals with a migration history in two large German university hospitals.

Participants: 251 participants fully completed the questionnaires.

Tablets as an Option for Telemedicine-Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance and Efficiency in Intracranial Arterial Aneurysm Detection.

To evaluate a commercially available mobile device for the highly specialized task of detection of intracranial arterial aneurysm in telemedicine. Six radiologists with three different levels of experience retrospectively interpreted 60 computed tomography (CT) angiographies for the presence of intracranial arterial aneurysm, among them 30 cases with confirmed positive findings. Each radiologist reviewed the angiography datasets twice: once on a dedicated medical-grade workstation and on a commercially available mobile consumer-grade tablet with an interval of 3 months.

Short- and long-term evaluation of disease-specific symptoms and quality of life following uterine artery embolization of fibroids.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate uterine artery embolization (UAE) for the management of symptomatic uterine leiomyomas regarding changes in quality of life after treatment in a large patient collective. This study retrospectively analyzed prospectively acquired standardized questionnaires of patients treated with UAE. Clinical success was evaluated before and after embolization.

A prospective randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of music on patients' anxiety in venous catheter placement procedures.

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of music on anxiety levels compared to standard patient care in patients undergoing venous catheter placement procedures. This prospective randomized controlled trial included patients undergoing placement procedures for peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC), ports and central venous catheters (CVC). Patients were randomly assigned to a music intervention group (MIG) and a control group (CTRL).

Perihematomal Edema and Clinical Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Related to Different Oral Anticoagulants.

Background: There is a need to examine the effects of different types of oral anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (OAC-ICH) on perihematomal edema (PHE), which is gaining considerable appeal as a biomarker for secondary brain injury and clinical outcome.

Methods: In a large multicenter approach, computed tomography-derived imaging markers for PHE (absolute PHE, relative PHE (rPHE), edema expansion distance (EED)) were calculated for patients with OAC-ICH and NON-OAC-ICH. Exploratory analysis for non-vitamin-K-antagonist OAC (NOAC) and vitamin-K-antagonists (VKA) was performed.

Gender trends in authorships and publication impact in Academic Radiology-a 10-year perspective.

Objectives: To analyze the development of publication numbers of female authors in high-, medium-, and low-impact radiological journals.

Methods: In this bibliometric analysis, gender of the first (FA) and senior author (SA) was assigned to all original research articles and reviews, published in 10 high-, medium-, and low-impact radiological journals in 2007/8 and 2017/18. The adjusted event rate (AER) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were calculated using mixed logistic and multinomial logistic regression models to assess and compare female publications according to impact factor, journal, author position, and combination.

Clinical and Imaging Characteristics in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Intracranial hemorrhage has been observed in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19), but the clinical, imaging, and pathophysiological features of intracranial bleeding during COVID-19 infection remain poorly characterized. This study describes clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with COVID-19 infection who presented with intracranial bleeding in a European multicenter cohort.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective, observational case series including 18 consecutive patients with COVID-19 infection and intracranial hemorrhage.

Supervisors' perspective on medical thesis projects and dropout rates: survey among thesis supervisors at a large German university hospital.

Objectives: To identify underlying causes for failure of medical thesis projects and the constantly high drop-out rate in Germany from the supervisors' perspective and to compare the results with the students' perspective.

Setting: Cross-sectional survey. Online questionnaire for survey of medical thesis supervisors among the staff of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.