Investigation of oxidative-stress-induced axon beading using photo-oxidation.

Oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species adversely affects cellular function. Here, we investigate axonal beading induced by the photo-oxidation of a membrane-based fluorescent dye. Our experiments show that, apart from using oxygen scavengers, chelation of free calcium, or stabilization of microtubules or actin filaments by pharmacological agents can mitigate oxidative-stress-induced beading.

Reasons for Crown Failures in Primary Teeth: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Understanding long-term retention rates and complications associated with different materials for fabricating pediatric crowns for primary teeth is crucial for material selection and optimizing clinical outcomes.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to descriptively analyze the crown-retention rates and complications associated with crown retention, as well as the biological and technical complications of pediatric crowns, for primary teeth. The meta-analysis reported herein was performed to estimate long-term (3-year and 5-year) retention rates of these pediatric crowns fabricated using various materials.

Ion release dynamics of bioactive resin cement under variable pH conditions.

Introduction: Understanding the ion release behaviour of bioactive resin cements is essential for evaluating their potential in restorative dentistry. Sustained ion release, especially at cariogenic pH levels, can enhance remineralization and prolong the longevity of dental restorations. This study investigates the influence of pH on the ion release profiles of a bioactive resin cement before and after recharging.

Advancements in osteoblast sourcing, isolation, and characterization for dental tissue regeneration: a review.

Background: Primary osteoblasts are essential for bone formation and regeneration, making them pivotal in dental applications, including periodontal regeneration, ridge augmentation, and implant osseointegration. Sourced from various tissues like alveolar bone, calvarial bone, mandibular and maxillary bones, long bones, and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), each type of osteoblast presents unique advantages and limitations related to yield, accessibility, and clinical relevance. Given these variables, selecting an appropriate source is crucial for experimental consistency and translational application in dentistry.

Effect of Apical Preparation Size and Preparation Taper on Smear Layer Removal Using Two Different Irrigation Needles: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of apical preparation size and preparation taper on smear layer removal using a metallic needle and a new polymer needle (IrriFlex, Produits Dentaires SA "PD," Vevey, Switzerland).

Materials And Methods:  One hundred and eight single-rooted teeth with one canal were randomly divided into four groups according to the preparation and irrigation needle used: G1-30, 0.04 and IrriFlex ( = 25); G2-25, 0.

Comparative Analysis of Marginal Fit and Fracture Resistance in CAD-CAM Lithium Disilicate and Pre-processed Composite Endocrowns: An Study.

Aim And Background: This study aimed to determine the optimal finish line and material criteria for optimal marginal fit and fracture resistance in endocrowns. The impact of two preparation designs on endocrowns made from computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium disilicate and pre-processed CAD/CAM composite was compared.

Materials And Methods: In a randomized 3-arm trial involving 42 mandibular molars, two marginal configurations (with and without chamfer finish lines) were evaluated for each material group.

Insights Into the Effects and Implications of Acidic Beverages on Resin Composite Materials in Dental Restorations: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Dental composite resins are commonly used due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, exposure to beverages like Coca-Cola, Apple juice, and Black coffee can negatively impact these materials. This study examined the effects of these drinks on the surface microhardness and surface roughness of Nanohybrid, Giomer, and Dual-Cure Bulk-fill resin composites.

Effective Management of a Fractured Tooth in a Child Using an Aesthetic Pediatric Crown: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Traumatic dental injuries in children present unique challenges, requiring evidence-based and individualized approaches. Accidental falls are a common cause, resulting in a spectrum of clinical presentations. Managing tooth injuries in mixed dentition adds complexity to treatment decisions.

Multi-institutional Validation of the Interarytenoid Assessment Protocol for Pediatric Laryngeal Cleft.

Background: Current assessment techniques for determining whether a patient has normal interarytenoid anatomy, a deep interarytenoid notch, or a minor laryngeal cleft are highly variable. However, differentiating between these three entities is important, given it may distinguish whether a patient should be considered for surgical intervention. The Interarytenoid Assessment Protocol (IAAP) was developed to provide standardization of interarytenoid anatomy evaluations.

Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment for Prenatally Diagnosed Cervicofacial Lymphatic Malformations.

Introduction: Cervicofacial lymphatic malformations (cf-LM) may be identified on prenatal ultrasound, prompting consideration of ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) to secure the fetal airway. Furthermore, the recent shift in postnatal management of cf-LM from resection alone toward a multimodal approach including sirolimus and sclerotherapy may impact the neonatal outcomes of cf-LM. This study aims to characterize the neonatal outcomes of patients with prenatally diagnosed cf-LM who underwent EXIT-to-airway.

Postharvest integration of prickly pear betalain-enriched gummies with different sugar substitutes for decoding diabetes type-II and skin resilience - in vitro and in silico study.

Postharvest processing plays a crucial role in harnessing the benefits of prickly pear fruit by utilizing betalain as natural colorants to replace artificial colors in model food systems. Prickly pear betalain-enriched gummies were developed using various sugar substitutes, including table sugar, xylitol, stevia, and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). These gummies were analyzed for in vitro enzymatic inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects and molecular docking studies for decoding diabetes type-II and skin resilience.

Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance in Different Post and Core Systems with Varying Ferrule Locations: An Study.

Aim: Endodontically treated teeth often require 360° ferrule to retain post and core restoration. The literature support on scientific evidence of partial ferrule is limited, hence this study was conducted to evaluate the fracture resistance of two post and core systems, i.e.

Quality evaluation of strawberries coated with water-in-oil based emulsion using an advanced electrostatic spray coating system.

In this study, the impact of formulated emulsion was studied on strawberries which were coated using dip and electrostatic spray coating methods. The coated strawberries were kept at room temperature for a period of 12 days. A significant level of chargeability of w/o emulsion was achieved in terms of charge-to-mass ratio of 2.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction and encapsulation of betalain from prickly pear: Process optimization, in-vitro digestive stability, and development of functional gummies.

The study aimed to extract and encapsulate betalain pigment from prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) using ultrasound-assisted extraction and eco-friendly glycerol. Subsequent analysis encompassed assessing its thermal stability, shelf-life, bio-accessibility, and biological properties. The process optimization employed Response Surface Methodology (RSM), focusing on glycerol concentration (20-50 %), sample to solvent ratio (1:10-1:20), temperature (30-60 °C), and time (10-30 min).

Reasons for Crown Failures in Primary Teeth: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is a tendency nowadays to restore large defects in primary dentition with pediatric crowns instead of conventional restorations. Thus, understanding the factors contributing to the survival or failure of dental crowns in pediatric dentistry is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes.

Objective: The primary objective of this protocol is to outline the methodological approach for analyzing data from observational studies and randomized controlled trials to investigate reasons for the failure of dental crowns in primary teeth and to compute their survival and failure rates.

Reasons for Failure of CAD/CAM Restorations in Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: The systematic review presented herein was performed to descriptively analyze the causes for the failure of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) restorations. The meta-analysis reported herein was performed to estimate long-term survival and success rates of CAD-CAM fabrications.

Materials And Methods: Using the PICOS paradigm, a systematic search was carried out in the PubMed and Cochrane databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies reporting survival data for CAD/CAM restorations.

Type 2 diabetes alters the viscoelastic behavior and macromolecular composition of vertebra.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects the functional behavior of vertebra bone by altering its structural and mechanical properties. The vertebral bones are responsible to carry the body weight and it remains under prolonged constant load which results to viscoelastic deformation. The effect of T2D on the viscoelastic behavior of vertebral bone is not well explored yet.

Documentation in Pediatric Microlaryngoscopy/Bronchoscopy: International Modified Delphi Consensus.

Background: Complete and accurate documentation of surgical procedures is essential for optimizing patient care, yet significant variation in operative notes persists within and across institutions. We sought to reach consensus on the most important components of an operative note for pediatric microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy.

Methods: A modified Delphi consensus process was used.

Fetoscopic Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement of Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome Leading to Successful Cesarean Delivery.

Introduction: Without fetal or perinatal intervention, congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a fatal anomaly. The ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure has been used to secure the fetal airway and minimize neonatal hypoxia but is associated with increased maternal morbidity.

Case Presentation: A 16-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0) was referred to our hospital at 31 weeks gestation with fetal anomalies, including echogenic lungs, tracheobronchial dilation, and flattened diaphragms.

Successful Repair of Non-facing Sinus ALCAPA Associated With Left-Sided Cardiomegaly Using Takeuchi Technique.

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart disease that may present isolated or may be associated with other cardiac malformations. Most of the patients develop symptoms during infancy but some may remain asymptomatic up to adulthood. Symptoms range from mild distress to severe irritability and feed intolerance.

Influence of Filler Composition on the Refractive Index of Four Different Enamel Shades of Composite Resins.

Aim And Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the refractive index of four commercially available enamel resin composites, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and their relationship with the atomic composition of the composite resin fillers utilizing an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDX).

Materials And Methods: Four different enamel composites, namely Enamel HRi color UE3, Enamel HFO color GE3, Vit-l-escence color Pearl Frost, and Amelogen Plus color Enamel White were tested. For each composite, disks with different thicknesses were fabricated and then light-cured according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Genetic Polymorphisms of NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) in Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Background: The existing data show that inflammasomes play a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. However, their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and coronary heart disease remains unclear. This study had the objective of assessing NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) gene polymorphisms in dental plaque and blood of generalized chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in the presence and absence of coronary heart disease (CHD).

Viability of Quercetin-Induced Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Forming Living Cellular Constructs for Soft Tissue Augmentation.

Autogenous gingival grafts used for root coverage or gingival augmentation procedures often result in donor site morbidity. Living cellular constructs as an exogenous alternative have been proven to be associated with lower morbidity. With the available background information, the present study aims to assess if quercetin-induced living cell constructs, derived from dental pulp stem cells, have the potential to be applied as a tool for soft tissue augmentation.

Surgical Techniques for Tonsillectomy and Perioperative Respiratory Complications in Children.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of perioperative respiratory complications in children following tonsillectomy with cold and hot dissection surgical techniques.

Study Design: The study was a retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Retrospective chart review was performed for all children presenting for a tonsillectomy at Texas Children's Hospital from November 2015 to December 2017.