Phosphorylation of the transcription factor PoWRKY31 by PoKIN10 activates lignin biosynthesis to improve tree peony drought tolerance.

The SNF1-Related Protein Kinase 1 (SnRK1) signaling cascade is highly conserved and plays a crucial role in coordinating various cellular processes in plants. However, its regulatory mechanisms in stress responses remain largely unclear. Here, we started from the perspectives of transcriptional regulation, protein-protein interaction, and posttranslational modification, and through the integration of multiple molecular biology approaches and functional validation methods, we conducted a detailed analysis of the mechanisms by which PoKIN10 (SnRK1 catalytic subunit), PoWRKY31, PoWRKY75, and PoCCoAOMT participate in drought tolerance in tree peony.

Unlocking the molecular secrets of plants: advances in key gene mining and molecular breeding technology.

plants are famous for their ornamental, medicinal, and oil values. Due to the popularity of seed oil and cut flowers in the market, the mechanisms underlying related traits of plants have been fascinating, and the research work on them has increased rapidly in recent years, urging a comprehensive review of their research progress. To unlock the molecular secrets of plants, we first summarize the latest advances in their genome research.

The SBP-box transcription factor PlSPL2 negatively regulates stem development in herbaceous peony.

The SBP-box transcription factor PlSPL2 silencing in herbaceous peony enhanced stem strength by regulating xylem development, whereas its overexpression in tobacco resulted in weaker stem strength and undeveloped xylem. The strength of plant stems is a critical determinant of lodging resistance of plants, which significantly affects crop yield and cut-flower quality. Squamosa promoter binding (SBP) protein-like (SPL) transcription factors (TFs), participate in multiple regulatory processes, particularly in stem development.

positively regulates high-temperature tolerance of herbaceous peony by scavenging reactive oxygen species.

Unlabelled: Herbaceous peony ( Pall.) is a widely used famous traditional flower in China. It prefers cold and cool climate, but is not resistant to high temperature during summer in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

PlWRKY47 Coordinates With Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 2 Gene to Improve Thermotolerance Through Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Herbaceous Peony.

Although WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in plant responses to high-temperature stress, little is known about Group IIb WRKY family members. Here, we identified the WRKY-IIb protein PlWRKY47 from herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), which functioned as a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator.

Synergistic actions of 3 MYB transcription factors underpin blotch formation in tree peony.

Blotches in floral organs attract pollinators and promote pollination success. Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is an internationally renowned cut flower with extremely high ornamental and economic value.

Functional Characterization of the Gene under Drought Stress.

With persistent elevation in global temperature, water scarcity becomes a major threat to plant growth and development, yield security, agricultural sustainability, and food production. Proline, as a key osmolyte and antioxidant, plays a critical role in regulating drought tolerance in plants, especially its key biosynthetic enzyme, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), which always positively responds to drought stress. As an important woody oil crop, the expansion of cultivation needs to address the issue of plant drought tolerance.

PoWRKY69-PoVQ11 module positively regulates drought tolerance by accumulating fructose in Paeonia ostii.

Drought is a detrimental environmental factor that restricts plant growth and threatens food security throughout the world. WRKY transcription factors play vital roles in abiotic stress response. However, the roles of IIe subgroup members from WRKY transcription factor family in soluble sugar mediated drought response are largely elusive.

PoWRKY71 is involved in resistance to drought stress by directly regulating light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding 151 gene.

Although the functions of WRKY transcription factors in drought resistance are well known, their regulatory mechanisms in response to drought by stabilising photosynthesis remain unclear. Here, a differentially expressed gene that was highly expressed in drought-treated leaves was identified through transcriptome analysis. positively responded to drought stress with significantly enhanced expression patterns and overexpressing in tobacco greatly improved plant tolerance to drought stress, whereas silencing in resulted in a drought-intolerant phenotype.

Selection and verification of reliable internal reference genes in stem development of herbaceous peony ( Pall.).

Unlabelled: Herbaceous peony ( Pall.) has emerged in the cut flower market due to its beautiful appearance. The bending flower stems caused by a lack of mechanical strength is the main problem restricting the development of the cut industry.

An R2R3-MYB network modulates stem strength by regulating lignin biosynthesis and secondary cell wall thickening in herbaceous peony.

Stem strength is an important agronomic trait affecting plant lodging, and plays an essential role in the quality and yield of plants. Thickened secondary cell walls in stems provide mechanical strength that allows plants to stand upright, but the regulatory mechanism of secondary cell wall thickening and stem strength in cut flowers remains unclear. In this study, first, a total of 11 non-redundant Paeonia lactiflora R2R3-MYBs related to stem strength were identified and isolated from cut-flower herbaceous peony, among which PlMYB43, PlMYB83 and PlMYB103 were the most upregulated differentially expressed genes.

Analysis and Functional Verification of Gene Associated with Drought-Resistance in Pall.

The herbaceous peony ( Pall.) is widely cultivated as an ornamental, medicinal and edible plant in China. Drought stress can seriously affect the growth of herbaceous peony and reduce its quality.

Tree peony PsMYB44 negatively regulates petal blotch distribution by inhibiting dihydroflavonol-4-reductase gene expression.

Background And Aims: The tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) has been widely cultivated as a field plant, and petal blotch is one of its important traits, which not only promotes proliferation but also confers high ornamental value. However, the regulatory network controlling blotch formation remains elusive owing to the functional differences and limited conservation of transcriptional regulators in dicots.

The herbaceous peony transcription factor WRKY41a promotes secondary cell wall thickening to enhance stem strength.

Stem bending or lodging caused by insufficient stem strength is an important limiting factor for plant production. Secondary cell walls play a crucial role in plant stem strength, but whether WRKY transcription factors can positively modulate secondary cell wall thickness are remain unknown. Here, we characterized a WRKY transcription factor PlWRKY41a from herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora), which was highly expressed in stems.

Herbaceous peony positively regulates red petal formation by promoting anthocyanin accumulation.

ATP-citrate lyase () gene catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA to provide intermediate precursors for many secondary metabolites, and also plays an important role in anthocyanin biosynthesis of plants. Herbaceous peony ( Pall.) is an international cut flower known for its rich flower colors, however, the function of the gene in flower color regulation is still unclear.

Correction: Zhao et al. Integration of Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome Provides Insights into How Calcium Enhances the Mechanical Strength of Herbaceous Peony Inflorescence Stems. 2019, , 102.

The authors wish to make the following changes to their paper [...

Tree Peony R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor PsMYB30 Promotes Petal Blotch Formation by Activating the Transcription of the Anthocyanin Synthase Gene.

Petal blotches are commonly observed in many angiosperm families and not only influence plant-pollinator interactions but also confer high ornamental value. Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is an important cut flower worldwide, but few studies have focused on its blotch formation.

Herbaceous peony AP2/ERF transcription factor binds the promoter of the tryptophan decarboxylase gene to enhance high-temperature stress tolerance.

Global warming has multifarious adverse effects on plant growth and productivity. Nonetheless, the effects of endogenous phytomelatonin on the high-temperature resistance of plants and the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Melatonin enhances stem strength by increasing lignin content and secondary cell wall thickness in herbaceous peony.

Cut flower quality is severely restrained by stem bending due to low stem strength. Melatonin has been shown to function in many aspects of plant growth and development, yet whether it can enhance stem strength, and the corresponding underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the role of melatonin in enhancement of stem strength in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

CsiLAC4 modulates boron flow in Arabidopsis and Citrus via high-boron-dependent lignification of cell walls.

The mechanisms underlying plant tolerance to boron (B) excess are far from fully understood. Here we characterized the role of the miR397-CsiLAC4/CsiLAC17 (from Citrus sinensis) module in regulation of B flow. Live-cell imaging techniques were used in localization studies.

R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Confers Drought Tolerance in Herbaceous Peony ( Pall.).

The MYB transcription factor (TF) is crucial for plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress, but it is rarely reported in the herbaceous peony ( Pall.). Here, an MYB TF gene was isolated, and based on our prior mRNA data from samples, it was treated with drought stress (DS).

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes prevent high temperature-induced damage by activating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J. X. Zhang.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are considered important nanomaterials with rapidly growing applications. They are inevitably released into the environment, which has attracted considerable attention for their potential threats to ecosystems. In this study, Paeonia ostii T.

WRKY Transcription Factor Response to High-Temperature Stress.

Plant growth and development are closely related to the environment, and high-temperature stress is an important environmental factor that affects these processes. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in plant responses to high-temperature stress. WRKY TFs can bind to the W-box -acting elements of target gene promoters, thereby regulating the expression of multiple types of target genes and participating in multiple signaling pathways in plants.

Silicon enhances stem strength by promoting lignin accumulation in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.).

Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a popular high-end cut flower, but stem bending caused by low stem strength severely decreases its quality. To enhance stem strength, the regulatory effects of exogenous silicon were investigated in P.