Characteristic miRNA profiles represent clinicopathological diversity of small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is classified into distinct molecular subtypes based on the expression patterns of four transcription regulators: achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASCL1), neuronal differentiation 1 (NEUROD1), POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3), and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in cancer cellular processes but their subtype-specific implications in SCLC remain underexplored. Out of 46 surgically resected SCLC samples, miRNA visualization through in situ hybridization identified high expression of miR-375 in the ASCL1, NEUROD1, and ASCL1/NEUROD1 subtypes, and miR-9-5p in the POU2F3 subtype.

Characterizing the tumor immune environment in thymic epithelial tumors using T-cell receptor repertoire analysis and gene expression profiling.

Objectives: A thymoma is a functional thymic epithelial tumor wherein tumorigenic thymic epithelial cells possess T-cell differentiation and maturation potential. The tumor immune environment exhibits heterogeneous tumor immunity. The tumor immune environment of thymoma is characterized by its distinctive and complex immunological functions, requiring an analysis of the various factors involved.

A Case of Interstitial Cystitis With Hunner Lesions Involving Bilateral Ureters.

Introduction: Interstitial cystitis with Hunner lesion (IC/HL) is an enigmatic, chronic inflammatory disease of the urinary bladder. Few documented cases have reported the IC/HL involving the upper urinary tract.

Case Presentation: A 51-year-old Japanese woman with IC/HL developed bilateral ureteral stenosis and associated hydronephrosis, resulting in increased serum creatinine concentrations.

CD31 expression in human cancers: a pan-cancer immunohistochemical study.

Aims: CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and signal transduction that is primarily expressed in vascular endothelial cells, platelets, neutrophils, and certain tumour cells. We investigated CD31 expression in cancer cells by conducting a pan-cancer gene expression analysis using data from cancer cell lines as well as an immunohistochemical analysis of surgically resected cancer specimens. The goal was to elucidate the frequency and distribution of CD31 expression across cancer types and its diagnostic significance.

Sarcopenia in heart failure: Comparison of prognostic value between the Asian working Group for Sarcopenia 2014 and 2019 criteria.

Aim: Sarcopenia is a prevalent comorbidity among older patients with heart failure. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between sarcopenia diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2014 and 2019 criteria in older patients with heart failure.

Methods: This study is a post hoc sub-analysis of data from the FRAGILE-HF study, a prospective, multicenter, observational study.

Association of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Overlap with Physical Function and Prognosis in Older Patients with Heart Failure: A Post-hoc Analysis of the FRAGILE-HF and SONIC-HF.

Aims: The prevalence and impact of cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic (CKM) overlap on physical function and prognosis in older patients with heart failure (HF) remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of overlapping CKM conditions on physical function and prognosis in older patients with HF.

Methods: This post-hoc analysis of the FRAGILE-HF (main cohort) and SONIC-HF (validation cohort), both prospective multicentre studies, included patients aged ≥65 years who were hospitalised for HF.

Association of pre-admission exercise habit with post-discharge outcomes for older patients with heart failure.

Aims: The benefits of exercise in patients with heart failure are well documented. However, to date, the association between exercise habits and prognosis is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we investigated the association between pre-hospital exercise habits and post-discharge prognosis in older adult patients with heart failure.

Prognostic values of proteinuria in patients with acute heart failure.

Background: Renal dysfunction is significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with heart failure. However, the prognostic significance of proteinuria as a potential marker of an impaired glomerular filtration barrier in acute heart failure (AHF) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of urinary protein/creatinine ratio (PCR) in patients with AHF.

Estimated protein intake and prognosis in hospitalised heart failure: A focus on patients with and without chronic kidney disease.

Background And Aims: In patients with heart failure (HF), differences in the association between estimated protein intake (PI) and prognosis in those with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate whether the prognostic effects of the estimated PI differ between patients with HF with and without CKD.

Methods: We included patients who required hospitalisation owing to worsening HF between 2015 and 2019 and assessed the estimated PI based on the adjusted Maroni formula using the body mass index and urinary urea nitrogen level.

Prognostic Value of Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium Criteria in Older Patients with Heart Failure.

Objectives: The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019 (AWGS 2019) emphasized muscle mass measurements. In contrast, the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) prioritizes functional strength and mobility. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the prognostic utility of the SDOC and AWGS 2019 criteria for all-cause mortality in older patients with heart failure.

APRIL/BAFF upregulation is associated with clonal B-cell expansion in Hunner-type interstitial cystitis.

Hunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the urinary bladder with an unknown etiology. We conducted comprehensive immunogenomic profiling of bladder specimens obtained by biopsy and cystectomy from 37 patients with HIC. Next-generation RNA sequencing demonstrated abundant plasma cell infiltration with frequent light chain restriction in HIC-affected bladder tissue.

Unique Cytopathological Findings of a Mucinous Myoepithelioma Showing a Mucous Globule and a "Sieve-Like" Structure.

Myoepitheliomas are rare salivary gland-type tumors. The tumors are divided into four histological subtypes (spindle cell, plasmacytoid, epithelioid, and clear cell) and two variants (reticular and mucinous). A myoepithelioma of the mucinous variant, also referred to as mucinous or secretory myoepithelioma, is a novel variant of myoepithelioma characterized by the presence of extracellular mucin.

Prognostic value of Borg scale following 6-min walk test in hospitalized older patients with heart failure.

Aims: The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a widely accepted tool for evaluating exercise tolerance and physical capacity, and the 6-min walk distance (6MWD) is an established prognostic factor in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the prognostic implications of post-6MWT dyspnoea remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of Borg scores after the 6MWT in patients with HF.

Comprehensive genomic analysis reveals clonal origin and subtype-specific evolution in a case of sporadic multiple meningiomas.

Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults, with up to 10% manifesting as multiple tumors. Data on the genomic and molecular changes in sporadic multiple meningiomas are scarce, leading to ongoing debates regarding their evolutionary processes. A comprehensive genetic analysis of a large number of lesions, including precursor lesions, is necessary to explore these two possible origins: clonal and independent.

Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio and score in patients with heart failure: Nutritional status, physical function, and prognosis.

Aims: In heart failure (HF), inflammation is linked to malnutrition and impaired physical function. In this study, we aimed to assess how novel nutritional-inflammatory markers and lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) and score (LCS) are associated with the nutritional status, physical function, and prognosis of patients with HF.

Methods And Results: This study was a secondary analysis of the FRAGILE-HF study, a prospective observational study conducted across 15 hospitals in Japan.