Characterizing the tumor immune environment in thymic epithelial tumors using T-cell receptor repertoire analysis and gene expression profiling.

Objectives: A thymoma is a functional thymic epithelial tumor wherein tumorigenic thymic epithelial cells possess T-cell differentiation and maturation potential. The tumor immune environment exhibits heterogeneous tumor immunity. The tumor immune environment of thymoma is characterized by its distinctive and complex immunological functions, requiring an analysis of the various factors involved.

Serial positron-emission tomography after induction therapy as a predictor of prognostic outcomes for patients with thymic carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the role of F-fluorodeoxy glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) to assess pathological response and prognosis after induction therapy in patients with thymic carcinoma.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 18 patients with thymic carcinoma who underwent FDG-PET, before and after induction therapy. We measured the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the tumor and analyzed the correlation between the change in SUVmax and pathological response or recurrence.

Surgical resection of advanced intrathoracic tumors through a combination of the hemiclamshell and transmanubrial approaches.

Purpose: The hemiclamshell (HCS) approach provides a comprehensive view of the anterior mediastinum, whereas the transmanubrial osteomuscular sparing approach (TMA) allows sufficient exposure of the cervico-thoracic transition. We assessed the effectiveness and the outcomes of the combined HCS plus TMA approach to resect thoracic malignant tumors.

Methods: We reviewed five patients with thoracic malignant tumors invading the thoracic outlet who underwent surgery using an HCS and TMA approach between 2018 and 2021.

Surgery for pulmonary lesions in patients with a history of urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma.

Background: There has been little information on the actual diagnosis of pulmonary lesions in patients with a history of urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and short- and long- outcomes of pulmonary resection for these patients.

Methods: In the present study, the data of 37 consecutive patients with a history of TCC who underwent pulmonary resection for solitary pulmonary lesions were reviewed, and the clinical factors and short- and long-term outcomes were analyzed.

Results: The study population included 35 male patients, and 2 female patients.

Familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with intrathoracic low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary tumor syndrome characterized by endocrine tumors with mainly a parathyroid, pancreatic, or anterior pituitary origin. Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare low-grade soft tissue tumor. There is one known report of a patient with MEN1 complicated by LGFMS, which is very rare.

Surgical resection of mediastinal metastasis from small cell carcinoma of bladder: case report.

Background: Isolated mediastinal metastasis from a malignant tumor and small cell carcinoma of the bladder are both very rare.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old woman who had undergone surgery for bladder cancer twice was referred to our hospital for a right paracardiac mass noted in chest computed tomography findings, and resection of the tumor was performed. Histological analysis of the mediastinal tumor revealed it to be a metastatic small cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Prognostic impact of tumor volume in patients with complete resection of thymoma.

Background: The impact of tumor volume on prognosis is unclear. We therefore investigated the correlation between tumor volume and prognosis in patients with complete resection of thymoma.

Methods: A total of 177 patients who underwent curative surgical resection for thymoma were retrospectively collected and reviewed.

Novel Imprint Cytological Classification for Small Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Using Surgical Specimens: Comparison with the 8th Lung Cancer Staging System and Histopathological Classification.

: Small-size lung lesions suspected of being cancer are now often being identified on computed tomography. Correspondingly, a new lung cancer staging system has been proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), in which the T1 factor and adenocarcinoma are re-subclassified. Previously, we proposed an intraoperative cytological diagnosis and its classification of small-size lung adenocarcinoma, which correlated significantly with clinical malignancy, to be used for selecting the surgical strategy.

Intraoperative Diagnosis and Surgical Procedure with Imprint Cytology for Small Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma.

: For patients with multiple small-sized pulmonary cancers, a lobectomy can disrupt future therapeutic options for other lesions. It was recently reported that limited pulmonary resections were not inferior to lobectomy for the management of selected peripheral small-sized pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Patients with adenocarcinoma or minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, as proposed by the International Association for the Study of Cancer classification, have been reported to have 100% survival after 5 years.

Rapid progressive lung cancers harbouring multiple clonal driver mutations with big bang evolution model.

Introduction: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of multiple metastases in an advanced cancer patient reveals the evolutional history of the tumor. The evolutionary model is clinically valuable because it reflects the future course of the tumorigenic process and prognosis of the patient.

Materials And Methods: We experienced two lung cancer patients whose clinical courses were abruptly deteriorating resulting in very poor prognosis.

Surgical Treatment following Chemo-Targeted Therapy with Bevacizumab for Lung Metastasis from Colorectal Carcinoma: Analysis of Safety and Histological Therapeutic Effects in Patients Treated at a Single Institution.

Background: Recently, therapeutic strategies for a metastasectomy from colorectal carcinoma after chemo-targeted therapy with bevacizumab have been presented, with which some uncommon but serious adverse events have been reported. However, only few reports have investigated the safety of lung resection after such therapy or the histological effects. We retrospectively analyzed the both of them at our institute.

Experimental verification of highly scalable OXC that consists of subsystem-modular express-switch part and multicast-switch-based add/drop part enabling total throughput of 314 Tbps.

We propose a cost-effective and scalable OXC/ROADM that consists of a subsystem-modular express switch part and a transponder-bank-based add/drop part. The effectiveness of the proposed architecture is verified via a hardware scale evaluation, network performance simulations, and transmission experiments. The architecture enables large throughput and offers significant hardware-scale reductions with marginal fiber-utilization penalty against the conventional architectures.