A New Era in Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment: Breakthroughs in Drug Development and Future Prospects.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health challenge, despite recent advances in drug development. However, a comprehensive and systematic overview of the current clinical trial landscape in TB prevention and treatment is still lacking. This study aims to systematically review recent breakthroughs in TB drug development, assess their scientific value and global impact, and provide valuable insights for clinicians and policymakers involved in TB control efforts.

Heteroarylcyanovinyl Benzimidazoles as New Antibacterial Skeleton with Large Potential To Combat Bacterial Infections.

This work developed a class of unique heteroarylcyanovinyl benzimidazoles (HBs) as a new structural skeleton of potential multitargeting antibacterial agents to confront dreadful infections in the livestock industry. Some target compounds exhibited effective antibacterial activities against the tested strains. Especially, HB with a 5-fluorobenzimidazole ring exerted excellent inhibitory activity toward ATCC 29213 with a low MIC value of 0.

The diagnostic value of third-generation nanopore sequencing in non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of nanopore sequencing technology in non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTMPD) and compare it with traditional culture methods.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 225 suspected NTMPD patients admitted to the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning City from January 2022 to July 2024. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), kappa coefficient, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of nanopore sequencing, culture, and combined diagnostic methods were compared to evaluate their diagnostic performance.

Reduction in the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy using enhanced external counter-pulsation in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of EECP in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: A prospective trial was undertaken in the participants. A total of 280 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.

Fondaparinux Sodium for Anticoagulant Therapy After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Single-Center Randomized Trial in China.

In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of fondaparinux sodium in postpercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) anticoagulation therapy for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. There are a total of 200 patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction underwent PCI and anticoagulation therapy. They were randomly split into experimental (n = 108) and control groups (n = 92).

Thiazole Functionalization of Thiosemicarbazone for Cu(II) Complexation: Moving toward Highly Efficient Anticancer Drugs with Promising Oral Bioavailability.

In this work, we report the synthesis of a new thiosemicarbazone-based drug of N'-(di(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)-4-(thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-1-carbothiohydrazide (H) featuring a thiazole spectator for efficient coordination with Cu(II) to give [CuCl()] () and [Cu(NO)()] (). Both and exhibit dimeric structures ascribed to the presence of di-2-pyridylketone moieties that demonstrate dual functions of chelation and intermolecular bridging. H, , and are highly toxic against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Hep-G2, PLC/PRF/5, and HuH-7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values as low as 3.

[FeCl(TMPPH)][FeCl]: A Stand-Alone Molecular Nanomedicine That Induces High Cytotoxicity by Ferroptosis.

Developing clinically meaningful nanomedicines for cancer therapy requires the drugs to be effective, safe, simple, cheap, and easy to store. In the present work, we report that a simple cationic Fe(III)-rich salt of [FeCl(TMPPH)][FeCl] () exhibits a superior anticancer performance on a broad spectrum of cancer cell lines, including breast, colorectal cancer, liver, pancreatic, prostate, and gastric cancers, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values in the range of 0.098-3.

A Porphyrin-Based 3D Metal-Organic Framework Featuring [CuCl] Cluster Secondary Building Units: Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Anion Exchange, and Peroxidase-Like Activity.

Herein, we report a rare example of cationic three-dimensional (3D) metal-organic framework (MOF) of [CuCl(TMPP)]Cl ⋅ xSol (denoted as Cu-TMPP; HTMPP=meso-tetrakis (6-methylpyridin-3-yl) porphyrin; xSol=encapsulated solvates) supported by [CuCl] cluster secondary building units (SBUs) wherein the eight faces of the Cl-based octahedron are capped by eight Cu. Surface-area analysis indicated that Cu-TMPP features a mesoporous structure and its solvate-like Cl counterions can be exchanged by BF , PF , and NO . The polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Cu-TMPP (denoted as Cu-TMPP-PVP) demonstrated good ROS generating ability, producing ⋅OH in the absence of light (peroxidase-like activity) and O on light irradiation (650 nm; 25 mW cm).

Benzopyrone-mediated quinolones as potential multitargeting antibacterial agents.

A new type of benzopyrone-mediated quinolones (BMQs) was rationally designed and efficiently synthesized as novel potential antibacterial molecules to overcome the global increasingly serious drug resistance. Some synthesized BMQs effectively suppressed the growth of the tested strains, outperforming clinical drugs. Notably, ethylidene-derived BMQ 17a exhibited superior antibacterial potential with low MICs of 0.

The effects of rate pressure product at admission on cardiopulmonary function during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the rate pressure product (RPP) and cardiopulmonary function during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: A total of 362 patients with AMI were selected for the study, and the median admission RPP was used as the cutoff point to divide the patients into a low-RPP group ( = 181) and a high-RPP group ( = 181). The relationship between the RPP at admission and the cardiopulmonary function during hospitalization was analyzed.

The relationship between homocysteine and cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) levels and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We also explored the relationship between Hcy levels and cardiac ultrasonography.

Methods: This study comprised 261 patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography and PCI at Yulin First Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021.

Novel coumarin aminophosphonates as potential multitargeting antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus.

Unique coumarin aminophosphonates as new antibacterial agents were designed and synthesized to combat severely bacterial resistance. Bioactivity assessment identified that 3-hydroxylphenyl aminophosphonate 6f with low hemolytic activity not only exhibited excellent inhibition potency against Staphylococcus aureus at low concentration (0.5 μg/mL) in vitro but also showed considerable antibacterial potency in vivo.

Reduction in risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus by enhanced external counterpulsation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with combined chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) by comparing the changes in renal function-related indicators in patients before and after coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: There were 230 subjects consecutively included in the study. Of these, 30 cases with DM underwent rehydration therapy, and 200 cases underwent EECP therapy in addition to rehydration therapy, comprising 53 patients with DM and 147 patients without.

Living near greenness is associated with higher bone strength: A large cross-sectional epidemiological study in China.

Background: Living near green spaces may benefit various health outcomes. However, no studies have investigated the greenness-bone linkage in the general population. Moreover, to which extent ambient air pollution (AAP), physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI) mediate this relationship remains unclear.

Cardiopulmonary exercise test-based assessment of the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on the blood pressure response to exercise in patients with acute myocardial infarction during hospitalization.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) on cardiopulmonary function and blood pressure response to exercise during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) based on the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).

Methods: A total of 265 AMI patients were treated with either perindopril or S/V within 24 hours of admission. CPET was completed for all patients before discharge.