Monoclonality and Low Genetic Diversity in : Highlighting Urgent Need for Genetic Preservation of China's Only Endangered .

Long-term clonality has profound consequences for genetic structure despite offering an alternative means of reproductive assurance under unfavorable conditions for sexual reproduction. Z. J.

Fire-prone Rhamnaceae with South African affinities in Cretaceous Myanmar amber.

The rapid Cretaceous diversification of flowering plants remains Darwin's 'abominable mystery' despite numerous fossil flowers discovered in recent years. Wildfires were frequent in the Cretaceous and many such early flower fossils are represented by charcoalified fragments, lacking complete delicate structures and surface textures, making their similarity to living forms difficult to discern. Furthermore, scarcity of information about the ecology of early angiosperms makes it difficult to test hypotheses about the drivers of their diversification, including the role of fire in shaping flowering plant evolution.

[Traditional medicinal knowledge in Lancang-Mekong River:a case study in Lancang Lahu autonomous county].

Lancang Lahu autonomous county, where the Lancang-Mekong River flows by, was selected as the case site to investigate the traditional medicinal knowledge(TMK). A comparison of TMK between Lancang county and other places in the Lancang-Mekong sub-region was conducted. Research on TMK has been seldom reported although there are abundant medicinal resources in this sub-region.

(Lentibulariaceae), a new species from Northwest Yunnan, China.

, a new species from the Dulongjiang region of northwest Yunnan, China, is here described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the section Oligocista and is similar to L. and Benj.

[Chemical constituents of Hypericum stellatum and their antioxidant bioactivities].

Hypericum stellatum is an important ethnomedicinal plant endemic to southwest China. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was applied to analyze the chemical constituents of H. stellatum.

Amides, Isoquinoline Alkaloids and Dipeptides from the Aerial Parts of Piper mullesua.

One undescribed amide, pipermullesine A, two undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids, pipermullesines B and C, and six undescribed dipeptides, pipermullamides A-F, along with 28 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Piper mullesua. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. Furthermore, the structures of pipermullesines A-C were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

[Studies on volatile oils compounds of Acorus macrospadiceus based on GC-MS, an ethnomedicinal and food plant used by local people in southwest China].

Acorus macrospadiceus is a common medicinal and food plant used different ethnic groups in Guizhou and surrounding areas. In this paper, the leaf and rhizome tissues of A. macrospadiceus were hydro-distilled to extract the volatile oils.

Cytotoxic garcimultiflorones K-Q, lavandulyl benzophenones from Garcinia multiflora branches.

Seven undescribed lavandulyl benzophenones garcimultiflorones K-Q, and fourteen known compounds were isolated from the CHCl soluble fraction of 95% EtOH extract of Garcinia multiflora branches. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic techniques including NMR spectroscopy, MS analysis, and ECD calculations. Seven isolated compounds expect for garcimultiflorone L and garcimultiflorone O exhibited cytotoxic activities in vitro against five cancer cell lines (HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW480).

Modified Abietane Diterpenoids from Whole Plants of Selaginella moellendorffii.

A new modified abietane diterpenoid, (3S,4S,5R,10S)-18(4→3)-abeo-3,4,12,18-tetrahydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-7-one (1), and two novel dimers, selaginedorffones A (2) and B (3), featuring a new cyclohexene moiety that was biogenetically constructed from two modified abietane diterpenoids through a Diels-Alder reaction were obtained from a methanolic extract of Selaginella moellendorffii, a traditional Chinese herb. The structures of 1-3 were identified by a combination of NMR spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations. In the present study, diterpenoids were identified from S.

Gaultheria Ethnobotany and Bioactivity: Blueberry Relatives with Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Constituents.

Gaultheria, a genus belonging to the Ericaceae family, is typically a shrub that produces berries, and closely resembles the blueberry genus Vaccinium. Gaultheria species are used worldwide especially as food and medicine in China. Certain Gaultheria species are biologically active, as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and cytotoxic agents.

Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Chemometrics for the Identification of Anti-angiogenic Biflavonoids from Edible Garcinia Species.

Garcinia xanthochymus fruits are edible and also used in traditional medicine. Our previous work showed that the isolated natural products from G. xanthochymus fruits have displayed antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in the colon cancer cells.

Best practice in research: Consensus Statement on Ethnopharmacological Field Studies - ConSEFS.

Background: Ethnopharmacological research aims at gathering information on local and traditional uses of plants and other natural substances. However, the approaches used and the methods employed vary, and while such a variability is desirable in terms of scientific diversity, research must adhere to well defined quality standards and reproducible methods OBJECTIVES: With ConSEFS (the Consensus Statement on Ethnopharmacological Field Studies) we want to define best-practice in developing, conducting and reporting field studies focusing on local and traditional uses of medicinal and food plants, including studies using a historical approach.

Methods: After first developing an initial draft the core group invited community-wide feedback from researchers both through a web-based consultation and a series of workshops at conferences during 2017.

New aporphine alkaloids from the aerial parts of Piper semiimmersum .

Two new aporphine alkaloids, semiimmersumines A (1) and B (2), along with 20 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Piper semiimmersum (Piperaceae). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and CD data. The absolute configuration of semiimmersumine A (1) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis using anomalous dispersion with copper radiation.

Amides and neolignans from the aerial parts of Piper bonii.

Six amides, piperbonamides A-F, three neolignans piperbonins A-C, and 11 known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Piper bonii (Piperaceae). The structures of piperbonamides A-F and piperbonins A-C were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. Piperbonin A, (+)-trans-acuminatin, (+)-cis-acuminatin, (+)-kadsurenone, and pipernonaline showed weak activity against platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 118.

Neolignans from Selaginella moellendorffii.

Two new neolignans selaginellol (1) and selaginellol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with seven known compounds (3-9), were isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella moellendorffii. The structures of the new isolates were determined through spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 1-9, as well as compounds 10-18 previously isolated from the species, were measured for the activity against platelet aggregation induced by ADP or collagen.

Comparative UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics and bioactivities analyses of Garcinia oblongifolia.

Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. ex Benth. (Clusiaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant from southern China, with edible fruits.

Parallel reductions in phenolic constituents resulting from the domestication of eggplant.

Crop domestication is often accompanied by changes in metabolite compositions that alter traits such as flavor, color, or other beneficial properties. Fruits of eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) and related species are abundant and diverse in pharmacologically interesting phenolic compounds, particularly hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) conjugates such as the antioxidant caffeoylquinic acids (CQA) and HCA-polyamine amides (HCAA).

Identification of and its Adulterants from Chinese Markets by using DNA Barcoding Technique.

Background: Saffron ( L.) is a common but very expensive herbal medicine. As an important traditional medicine, it has an outstanding effect in treating irregular and painful menstruation.

Indole alkaloid glycosides from the aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia.

Three indole alkaloid glycosides, strobilanthosides A-C (1-3), two known indole alkaloid glucosides (4 and 5), and five phenylethanoid glycosides (8-10) were isolated from the aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectrometric analysis, and the absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by ECD spectrocsopy. N'-β-d-Glucopyranosylindirubin (5) showed weak antibacterial activity (MIC 62.

Multidrug resistance-selective antiproliferative activity of Piper amide alkaloids and synthetic analogues.

Twenty-five amide alkaloids (1-25) from Piper boehmeriifolium and 10 synthetic amide alkaloid derivatives (39-48) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against eight human tumor cell lines, including chemosensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines. The results suggested tumor type-selectivity. 1-[7-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)heptanoyl]piperidine (46) exhibited the best inhibitory activity (IC50=4.