Rectifying and Discriminating Hard Negatives for Biomedical Retrieval Question Answering.

Retrieval Question Answering (ReQA) is a pivotal task in biomedical natural language processing, where the bi-encoders is a commonly employed solution due to its efficiency in retrieving answers from large candidate pools. However, bi-encoders falls short in capturing fine-grained interactions between questions and answers, a limitation that is even more pronounced in the biomedical field due to the inadequate model training caused by data scarcity. In recent developments, researchers have introduced hard in-batch negative sampling to enhance performance by enriching the training process with informative instances.

AI, originality, and attribution: Researchers' perspectives on distinguishing contributions.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into research, significantly challenging established scholarly norms around originality, contribution, and authorship. While policies are developing, there is a gap in understanding how individual researchers subjectively perceive and navigate these ambiguities in practice, impacting research integrity.

Methods: To explore researchers' perspectives on distinguishing human versus AI contributions, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 researchers (PhD student, Postdoctoral Researcher, Faculty) across diverse disciplines (STEM, Social Sciences, Humanities).

Evidence supporting the role of hypertension in the onset of migraine.

Background: The association between hypertension and migraine remains unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study employ multi-layered evidence chain that revealed the association between hypertension and migraine.

Methods: We first strictly included data from the NHANES 1999-2004 population and applied logistic regression, subgroup analysis and RCS to assess the correlation between hypertension, SBP, DBP and migraine.

Association among obesity, insulin resistance, and depressive symptoms: a mediation analysis.

Background: The mechanistic role of insulin resistance(IR) between obesity and Depressive Symptoms has long been debated.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between BMI and Depressive Symptoms to investigate the mediating role of IR in this association.

Methods: We rigorously selected data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018.

Lead zinc slag-based geopolymer: Demonstration of heavy metal solidification mechanism from the new perspectives of electronegativity and ion potential.

Lead-zinc slag (LZS) is a solid waste product that is rich in silicon and aluminum and has enormous resource potential for functional environmental functional geopolymer materials. Unfortunately, the solidification mechanism of heavy metals in geopolymers is still unclear, which is detrimental to the heavy metal solidification of LZS. In this study, we comprehensively studied and demonstrated the solidification mechanisms of Pb and Zn in geopolymers, based on the preparation of high-performance LZS-based geopolymers (compressive strength up to 89.

Named Entity Aware Transfer Learning for Biomedical Factoid Question Answering.

Biomedical factoid question answering is an important task in biomedical question answering applications. It has attracted much attention because of its reliability. In question answering systems, better representation of words is of great importance, and proper word embedding can significantly improve the performance of the system.

Sherlock: A Semi-automatic Framework for Quiz Generation Using a Hybrid Semantic Similarity Measure.

In this paper, we present a semi-automatic system (Sherlock) for quiz generation using linked data and textual descriptions of RDF resources. Sherlock is distinguished from existing quiz generation systems in its generic framework for domain-independent quiz generation as well as in the ability of controlling the difficulty level of the generated quizzes. Difficulty scaling is non-trivial, and it is fundamentally related to cognitive science.

Photocurrent enhancement of SnO2 nanowires through Au-nanoparticles decoration.

It is found that the sensitivity of photoresponse of SnO(2) nanowires can be enhanced by metallic particles decoration. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the formation of the Schottky junction on nanowires surface in the vicinity of metallic nanoparticles. The increment in the barrier height and width of space charge region due to the existence of Schottky junction increases the surface electric field and enhances the spatial separation effect, which then prolongs the lifetime of photoinduced electron and consequently increases the photoresponse gain.