RhTSH in aiding dynamic assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (ZGrhTSH) as an alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) in dynamic assessment of DTC patients.

Methods: This phase 3, open-label, multicenter trial, conducted across 27 sites in China, employed a self-controlled design to enroll patients. Eligible patients had previously undergone total or near-total thyroidectomy, with or without RAI therapy.

Chinese management guidelines for radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (2025 edition).

Purpose: Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) has become a challenge in clinical practice, particularly in China with a high incidence and undesirable survival outcome. Since the publication of first China consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of RAIR-DTC in 2019, significant and rapid advances have occurred in the field both in China and internationally. This guideline aims to inform Chinese clinicians, researchers, patients, and health policy makers on the latest evidence and recommendations, to further standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of RAIR-DTC.

Artificial intelligence assisted diagnosis of early tc markers and its application.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine malignancy with an increasing incidence worldwide. Early diagnosis is particularly important for TC patients, because it allows patients to receive treatment as early as possible. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides great advantages for complex healthcare systems by analyzing big data based on machine learning.

Application of thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin antibody combined with emission computed tomography in the adjuvant diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Thyroid nodules are a kind of common endocrine system disease, with approximately 5% of them developing into malignant lesions, the most common of which belong to differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Accurate differential diagnosis using reliable methods and targeted treatment of benign and malignant thyroid nodules are of great significance to improve patient outcomes. This study mainly investigates the diagnostic value of thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TgAb) combined with emission computed tomography (ECT) in the adjuvant diagnosis DTC.

MRI-Based Artificial Intelligence in Rectal Cancer.

Rectal cancer (RC) accounts for approximately one-third of colorectal cancer (CRC), with death rates increasing in patients younger than 50 years old. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely performed for tumor evaluation. However, the semantic features from images alone remain insufficient to guide treatment decisions.

Hypoxia-responsive circRNAs: A novel but important participant in non-coding RNAs ushered toward tumor hypoxia.

Given the rapid developments in RNA-seq technologies and bioinformatic analyses, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gradually become recognized as a novel class of endogenous RNAs, characterized by covalent loop structures lacking free terminals, which perform multiple biological functions in cancer genesis, progression and metastasis. Hypoxia, a common feature of the tumor microenvironments, profoundly affects several fundamental adaptive responses of tumor cells by regulating the coding and non-coding transcriptomes and renders cancer's phenotypes more aggressive. Recently, hypoxia-responsive circRNAs have been recognized as a novel player in hypoxia-induced non-coding RNA transcriptomics to modulate the hypoxic responses and promote the progression and metastasis of hypoxic tumors.

Apatinib vs Placebo in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic, Radioactive Iodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The REALITY Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of apatinib, a highly selective vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR-2) inhibitor, in patients with progressive locally advanced or metastatic RAIR-DTC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial (Efficacy of Apatinib in Radioactive Iodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer [REALITY]) was conducted in 92 patients with progressive locally advanced or metastatic RAIR-DTC between February 17, 2017, and March 2, 2020, at 21 sites within China, and the data cutoff date for this analysis was March 25, 2020.

Exosomal circular RNA hsa_circ_007293 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells through regulation of the microRNA-653-5p/paired box 6 axis.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) or exosomes have been reported to exert key regulatory and/or communication functions in human cancer. Nevertheless, current literature on the effects of exosomal circRNAs on tumor invasion and metastasis in thyroid cancer is incomplete. The role of tumor-derived exosomes in driving papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression and metastasis requires further investigation.

Activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling by KIF2C contributes to the malignant phenotype of thyroid carcinoma cells.

Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) has been identified as a potential oncogene in various types of human cancers; however, the role of KIF2C in thyroid cancer has not yet been elucidated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed for gene expression analysis. Cell Counting Kit-8 and ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were performed to examine cell proliferation.

Application of Pet-CT Fusion Deep Learning Imaging in Precise Radiotherapy of Thyroid Cancer.

This article explores the value of wall F-FDG PET/Cr imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, studies its ability to distinguish benign and malignant thyroid lesions, and seeks ways to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The normal control group selected 40 patients who came to our center for physical examination. In the normal control group, the average value of the standard uptake value of both sides of the thyroid was used as the SUV of the thyroid gland and the highest SUV value of the patient's lesion (SUV max) represented the SUV of the lesion.

Silencing of AHNAK2 restricts thyroid carcinoma progression by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

AHNAK nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) has been proposed to have an oncogenic role in various human cancers. However, the functional role of AHNAK2 in thyroid carcinoma (TC) progression has never been explored. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were conducted to evaluate the expression of genes.

Overexpression of serum lncRNA-ABHD11-AS1 as poor prognosis of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

This paper was aimed at exploring the correlation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-ABHD11 Antisense RNA1 (ABHD11-AS1) with the poor prognosis of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and at investigating its effects on the survival of PTC cells. Serum was respectively collected from 64 PTC patients who were admitted to our hospital (PTC group) and from 50 healthy controls who underwent physical examinations (HC group) both from April 2011 to April 2015. The expression levels of ABHD11-AS1 in the serum were detected, and the values of it for diagnosis and prognosis (5-year follow-ups) were analyzed.

LncRNA PVT1 Acts as a Tumor Promoter in Thyroid Cancer and Promotes Tumor Progression by Mediating miR-423-5p-PAK3.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer (TC) is an endocrine tumor whose risk of onset has been rising, so the deep understanding of its molecular mechanism helps formulate new treatment strategies.

Methods: This paper was aimed at exploring the regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in TC. The expression of PVT1, miR-423-5p and p21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) in TC tissues and cell lines was detected by real-time PCR.

Incidental detection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma on 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen-1007 positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in a patient with prostate cancer: A case report.

Rationale: Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT) imaging is an emerging method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC), but its efficiency in detecting other accompanying diseases has rarely been investigated.

Patient Concerns: A 77-year-old man presented with a complaint of bone pain throughout his entire body lasting for 2 weeks. Routine preoperative whole-body bone scanning revealed multiple osteogenic metastases.

Development of a generalized model for kidney depth estimation in the Chinese population: A multi-center study.

Purpose: To establish an accurate and reliable equation for kidney depth estimation in adult patients from different Chinese geographical regions.

Method: This multicenter study enrolled Eastern Asian Chinese patients with abdominal PET/CT scans at 26 imaging centers from six macro-regions across China in 3 years. Age, gender, height, weight, primary disease and its extent on PET scans of the participants were collected as potential predictive factors.

HORMAD2 methylation-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression in thyroid cancer.

This study is aimed to investigate the methylation level of candidate genes and its impact on thyroid carcinoma (THCA) development. Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip Arrays by Illumina (Illumina HM450K) was the most popular CpG microarray platform widely used in biological and medical research. The methylation level of differentially expressed genes and their corresponding CpG sites were analysed by R programme.

LncRNA TNRC6C-AS1 regulates UNC5B in thyroid cancer to influence cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-129-5p.

To investigate the biological functions and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA TNRC6C-AS1 in thyroid cancer (TC). TNRC6C-AS1, miR-129-5p, and UNC5B expression levels were investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. CCK-8 assay was conducted to determine cell proliferation, while transwell assay was for inspection of cell migration and invasion.

Case report of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging of a patient with multiple endocrine gland metastases from small cell lung cancer.

Synchronous multiple endocrine gland metastasis caused by small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is rare. A patient was investigated for primary cancer because of suspected brain metastasis on computed tomography (CT). Baseline F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT was positive in the lung and multiple endocrine glands (right thyroid, right breast, pancreatic body, right adrenal gland, and left ovary).

Discriminant function analysis of the occurrence risk of abnormal electrocardiogram in thyroidectomized differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients with short-term overt hypothyroidism.

Objectives: The common form and risk factors of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality in thyroidectomized differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with short-term overt hypothyroidism were investigated and some discriminant formulas for forecasting the occurrence of abnormal ECG in this specific population were deduced in this study.

Methods: A total of 260 thyroidectomized DTC patients were retrospectively reviewed, 67 of whom had abnormal ECG and 193 normal ECG after short-term (3 weeks) levothyroxine (L-T4) withdrawal. One-way ANOVA, Spearman's rank correlation analysis and discriminant function analysis were performed using data from these DTC patients.

A Chinese patient with pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect syndrome.

Objective: To observe clinical manifestations, behavioral characteristics, and effects of rehabilitation on a patient with pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect caused by right thalamic hemorrhage.

Methods: Assessment of pusher syndrome was made by the Scale for Contraversive pushing (SCP), and unilateral spatial neglect syndrome was diagnosed using line cancellation, letter and star cancellation, line bisection tests and copy and continuation of graphic sequence test. Behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, reading training and traditional Chinese medicine methods were adopted for treatment of pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect.

Sex determination from the mandibular ramus flexure of Koreans by discrimination function analysis using three-dimensional mandible models.

It has been known that mandible ramus flexure is an important morphologic trait for sex determination. However, it will be unavailable when mandible is incomplete or fragmented. Therefore, the anthropometric analysis on incomplete or fragmented mandible becomes more important.

Effects of siRNA targeting c-Myc and VEGF on human colorectal cancer Volo cells.

c-Myc and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes are frequently deregulated and overexpressed in this malignancy, and strategies designed to inhibit c-Myc and VEGF expression in cancer cells may have considerable therapeutic value. In the present study, we design and use short interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit c-Myc and VEGF expression in colorectal cancer Volo cells and validate their effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell metastasis. Upon transient transfection with plasmid-encoding siRNA, it was found that expression of c-Myc and VEGF was significantly downregulated in siRNA-transfected cells and the downregulation of c-Myc and VEGF inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and metastasis of Volo cells.

Intramuscular distribution of the phrenic nerve in human diaphragm as shown by Sihler staining.

Introduction: Intramuscular innervation of the human diaphragm has not been well described. The goal of this study was to elucidate the detailed intramuscular distribution of the phrenic nerve in the human diaphragm.

Methods: Fifteen human diaphragms were visualized using modified Sihler staining, and the detailed intramuscular phrenic nerve distribution was photographed and recorded.

Combination of quercetin with radiotherapy enhances tumor radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo.

Purpose: Quercetin (3, 3,' 4', 5, 7 - five-flavonoids) is one of the main components of flavonoids, with multifunctions on immune function, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protection. We hypothesize that a combination of quercetin with radiation would increase tumor radiosensitivity. To test this hypothesis, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies.

Diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with elevated thyroglobulin and negative (131)I whole body scan: evaluation by thyroglobulin level.

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in detection of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in patients with elevated stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) or anti-Tg antibody (Ab) levels, and negative (131)I whole body scan according to the Tg level.

Methods: PET/CT images of well DTC patients who had total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation were included. Patients showing elevated Tg titer (≥2.