Drought Resistance Evaluation of var. "Xianglin 210" Grafted onto Different Rootstocks.

As a key economic tree in southern China, faces severe yield losses under drought. Grafting onto drought-tolerant rootstocks offers a potential mitigation strategy. To elucidate the impact of rootstocks on the drought resistance of the superior Abel.

Analysis of the Differences Among Grafting Combinations in Its Healing Process.

Grafting serves as a crucial propagation technique for superior varieties, where rootstock-scion compatibility significantly determines survival and growth performance. To systematically evaluate grafting compatibility in this economically important woody oil crop, we examined 15 rootstock-scion combinations using 'Xianglin 210' as the scion, assessing growth traits and conducting physiological assays (enzymatic activities of SOD and POD and levels of ROS and IAA) at multiple timepoints (0-32 days post-grafting). The results demonstrated that Comb.

Stage-Specific Transcriptomic Insights into Seed Germination and Early Development in Abel.

Seed germination is a critical phase in the plant lifecycle of (oil tea), directly influencing seedling establishment and crop reproduction. In this study, we examined transcriptomic and physiological changes across five defined germination stages (G0-G4), from radicle dormancy to cotyledon emergence. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we assembled 169,652 unigenes and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at each stage compared to G0, increasing from 1708 in G1 to 10,250 in G4.

Exosomes delivering miR-129-5p combined with sorafenib ameliorate hepatocellular carcinoma progression via the KCTD1/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.

Background: Potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing 1 (KCTD1) plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation and adipogenesis, but its significance in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) has not been reported.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR analysis were performed to assess the expression of KCTD1 and related genes in HCC cells. MTT assays, colony formation, cell migration, invasion and the in-vivo mouse models were utilized to evaluate the function of KCTD1 in HCC progression.

Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of the tetraploid Youcha tree Camellia meiocarpa Hu.

Camellia meiocarpa Hu, a member of Youcha species in the genus Camellia, is an important woody edible Youcha plant with high ecological and economic value. The haplotype-resolved genome assembly of this tetraploid species can shed light on genomic evolution and the functional divergence among subgenomes and haplotypes. In this study, we achieved the first chromosome-level haplotype-resolved genome assembly using PacBio HiFi, Hi-C, and Illumina sequencing.

Peptidomic profiling of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and anti-inflammatory activity of degraded peptides.

Mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are key paracrine mediators involved in various autoimmune diseases. While current research on EVs predominantly focuses on their protein and nucleic acid components, small peptides received less attention. In this study, we found IFN-γ-treated MSC-EVs, as engineered EVs, exhibit better anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo.

Cataloging the Genetic Response: Unveiling Drought-Responsive Gene Expression in Oil Tea Camellia ( Abel.) through Transcriptomics.

Drought stress is a critical environmental factor that significantly impacts plant growth and productivity. However, the transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in response to drought stress in Abel. is still unclear.

Comparative Transcriptomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Fatty Acid Accumulation in Three Varieties During Seed Maturing.

, a major woody oil crop in China, produces tea oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids, earning it names like liquid gold and eastern olive oil. This study provides an integrated investigation of the transcriptome and lipidome within seeds at the maturing process across three varieties, revealing a significant relationship between fatty acid production and genes involved in lipid synthesis. Through transcriptomic analysis, 26,344 genes with varied expression were found.

Retinoic acid induced specific changes in the phosphoproteome of C17.2 neural stem cells.

Retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A derivative, is an effective cell differentiating factor which plays critical roles in neuronal differentiation induction and the production of neurotransmitters in neurons. However, the specific changes in phosphorylation levels and downstream signalling pathways associated with RA remain unclear. This study employed qualitative and quantitative phosphoproteomics approaches based on mass spectrometry to investigate the phosphorylation changes induced by RA in C17.

Small Open Reading Frame-Encoded Micro-Peptides: An Emerging Protein World.

Small open reading frames (sORFs) are often overlooked features in genomes. In the past, they were labeled as noncoding or "transcriptional noise". However, accumulating evidence from recent years suggests that sORFs may be transcribed and translated to produce sORF-encoded polypeptides (SEPs) with less than 100 amino acids.

Therapeutic potential of stem cell extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke in preclinical rodent models: a meta-analysis.

Background: Extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells (SC-EVs) have been proposed as a novel therapy for ischemic stroke. However, their effects remain incompletely understood. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to systematically review the efficacy of SC-EVs on ischemic stroke in preclinical rodent models.

Mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles for multiple sclerosis in preclinical rodent models: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially mesenchymal stem (stromal) cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs), have gained attention as potential novel treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, their effects remain incompletely understood. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to systematically review the efficacy of MSC-EVs in preclinical rodent models of MS.

Extracellular vesicles derived from hypoxia-preconditioned olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells enhance angiogenesis via miR-612.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play important roles in tissue repair and regeneration, such as the induction of angiogenesis, particularly under hypoxic conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic MSC activation remain largely unknown. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital mediators of cell-to-cell communication and can be directly utilized as therapeutic agents for tissue repair and regeneration.

Origin and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Present in the Spider Venom of .

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are membranous vesicles released from nearly all cellular types. They contain various bioactive molecules, and their molecular composition varies depending on their cellular origin. As research into venomous animals has progressed, EVs have been discovered in the venom of snakes and parasitic wasps.

A phosphoproteomics study reveals a defined genetic program for neural lineage commitment of neural stem cells induced by olfactory ensheathing cell-conditioned medium.

Since both Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown certain efficacy in the cellular therapy of nerve injury and disease, there have been a series of investigations in recent years looking at the co-culture of NSCs and OECs. Protein phosphorylation forms the basis for identifying a variety of cellular signaling pathways responsible for regulating the self-renewal and differentiation of NSCs induced by OECs. To better understand the signaling cascades in the early phases of OEC-induced NSC differentiation, changes in the NSC proteome and phosphoproteome during the first 24 h were determined using dimethyl labeling and TiO phosphorylation enrichment coupled with Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Preparation of a CaTiO/Al/Pr/Sm nanocomposite for enrichment of exosomes in human serum.

Exosomes (30-200 nm) play important roles in intercellular communication. Because their contents differ between healthy individuals and subjects diagnosed with various diseases, exosomes have been regarded as potential sources of biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. However, the accuracy of diagnosis by exosomal biomarkers is highly dependent on the extraction efficiency, yield, and the quality of exosomes.

Insight into the proteomic profiling of exosomes secreted by human OM-MSCs reveals a new potential therapy.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used for the treatment of neuronal injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Their underlying mechanism may involve increased secretion of paracrine factors, which promotes tissue repair. Presently, exosomes have been regarded as important components of paracrine secretion and paracrine factors.