Two B-Box Proteins, GhBBX21 and GhBBX24, Antagonistically Modulate Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Cotton.

The red plant phenotype of cotton is a genetic marker produced by light-induced anthocyanin accumulation. controls this trait. There are two 228 bp tandem repeats upstream of in cotton.

Eliminating lead-exposure in nebulization therapy by lead-free piezoelectric.

Present main-stream medical ultrasonic nebulizers contain Pb(Zr,Ti)O-based piezoceramics, which could expose the patients to toxic lead when the acidic liquid medicine, compounded with ultrasonic vibration, corrodes the piezoceramics. Enormous amount of lead ions up to 150 ppm can be extracted when lead-containing piezoceramics were exposed to typical acidic liquid medicines. Thus, a series of nebulization in a course of treatment could easily raise a child's blood lead level well above the blood lead reference value of 0.

STING-mediated mitochondrial DNA release exacerbates PANoptosis in liver ischemia reperfusion injury.

STING, a pentameric transmembrane protein, plays a vital role in regulating the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. Recent research has underscored its significance in acute liver injury, yet its involvement in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) has not been thoroughly explored. To bridge this knowledge gap, we embarked on a comprehensive study using wild-type mice to investigate STING activation following surgical intervention for HIRI.

Identification and functional characterization of the SCL gene related to gland formation in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

GoSCL was involved in the regulation of pigment glands in the stem of cotton. In this study, we identified a transcription factor named GoSCL, which was involved in the regulation of pigment gland in the stem. Silencing of GoSCL decreased not only the number of pigment glands but also the accumulation of gossypol in the stem of the treated plants.

High electrostrain in a lead-free piezoceramic from a chemopiezoelectric effect.

Piezoelectric materials are indispensable in electromechanical actuators, which require a large electrostrain with a fast and precise response. By designing a chemopiezoelectric effect, we developed an approach to achieve a high electrostrain of 1.9% under -3 kV mm, at 1 Hz, corresponding to an effective piezoelectric coefficient of >6,300 pm V at room temperature in lead-free potassium sodium niobate piezoceramics.

ErTao decoction alleviates liver fibrosis by suppressing STING-mediated macrophages and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Background: Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common pathological process in the progression of multiple chronic liver diseases to cirrhosis, affecting millions of people worldwide annually. The incomplete understanding of its mechanisms has led to a lack of clinically effective therapeutic options. ErTao decoction (ETD, ), a derivative combining the components of Erchen Decoction and Taohong Siwu Decoction, is rooted in the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "phlegm-dampness-blood stasis".

Field-Induced Polarization Rotation in Order-Disorder (K,Na)NbO-Based Ferroelectrics.

Phase boundary is highly recognized for its capability in engineering various physical properties of ferroelectrics. Here, field-induced polarization rotation is reported in a high-performance (K, Na)NbO-based ferroelectric system at the rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary. First, the lattice structure is examined from both macroscopic and local scales, implementing Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function analysis, respectively.

Origin of ultrahigh-performance barium titanate-based piezoelectrics: Stannum-induced intrinsic and extrinsic contributions.

Despite the pivotal role of stannum doping in achieving ultrahigh piezoelectric performance in barium titanate-based ceramics, the fundamental mechanisms underlying this enhancement remain elusive. Here, we introduce a single variable nonstoichiometric stannum strategy in lead-free barium titanate-based ceramics with giant piezoelectricity, revealing that stannum doping contributes intrinsically and extrinsically to enhance piezoelectricity. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the intrinsic enhancement of polarization arising from lattice distortion and increased space for titanium-oxygen bonds induced by optimal stannum doping, which is corroborated by Rayleigh analysis.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-mediated iron metabolism in macrophages contributes to lipid deposition in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a rapidly progressing chronic liver disease of global significance. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for NASH remain unknown. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has been recognized as essential factor in immune response and metabolic regulation.

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 activation in macrophage exacerbates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by triggering hepatocyte ferroptosis.

Background: Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, critical challenge in liver surgery and transplantation, exerts a significant impact on the prognosis and survival of patients. Inflammation and cell death play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of hepatic I/R injury. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), a key enzyme involved in the kynurenine pathway, has been extensively investigated for its regulatory effects on innate immune responses and cell ferroptosis.

Application of the 'online assessment + FOBT at home' to improve participation and the efficacy of opportunistic screening for colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening faces two major challenges: insufficient screening coverage and poor adherence. A smartphone applet named "Early Screening Assistant (ESA)" was developed to create an online risk-assessment and fecal occult blood test (FOBT) at home. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate whether the new CRC screening strategy can improve the colonoscopy participation rate (PR) and lesion detection rate (DR).

STING modulates iron metabolism to promote liver injury and inflammation in acute immune hepatitis.

The pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is closely associated with perturbations in iron ion metabolism, during which Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) plays an important role. However, the precise regulatory mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the relationship between iron dysregulation and STING activation in Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced AIH liver injury.

Caveolin-1 is critical for hepatic iron storage capacity in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with disordered lipid and iron metabolism. Our previous study has substantiated the pivotal role of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in protecting hepatocytes and mediating iron metabolism in the liver. This study aimed to explore the specific mechanisms underlying the regulation of iron metabolism by Cav-1 in NAFLD.

Erchen decoction alleviates the progression of NAFLD by inhibiting lipid accumulation and iron overload through Caveolin-1 signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A combination of 6 different Chinese herbs known as Erchen decoction (ECD) has been traditionally used to treat digestive tract diseases and found to have a protective effect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite its efficacy in treating NAFLD, the precise molecular mechanism by which Erchen Decoction regulated iron ion metabolism to prevent disease progression remained poorly understood.

Aim Of Study: Our study attempted to confirm the specific mechanism of ECD in reducing lipid and iron in NAFLD from the perspective of regulating the expression of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1).

Zexie decoction reduce glucose-dependent lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: Obesity has become a global public health problem. Zexie decoction (ZXT) is a classic formula from Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. However, the long-term effect of ZXT in lipid accumulation remain unclear.

Corilagin alleviates liver fibrosis in zebrafish and mice by repressing IDO1-mediated M2 macrophage repolarization.

Background: Liver fibrosis caused by chronic liver injury, eventually develops into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no effective drugs to relieve liver fibrosis due to the lack of molecular pathogenesis characteristics. Former research demonstrates that the hepatic immune microenvironment plays a key role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, thus macrophages are important immune cells in the liver.

Ginsenosides Rg1 regulate lipid metabolism and temperature adaptation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for aging and many diseases, and the disorder of lipid metabolism makes it prominent. This study aims to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on aging, lipid metabolism and stress resistance.

Methods: Rg1 was administered to () cultured in NGM or GNGM.

Exocarpium Citri Grandis alleviates the aggravation of NAFLD by mitigating lipid accumulation and iron metabolism disorders.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Exocarpium Citri grandis (ECG, Huajuhong in Chinese), the epicarp of C. grandis 'Tomentosa', has been used for hundreds of years as an anti-inflammatory, expectorant, hypoglycemic, and lipid-lowering medication in China. Nevertheless, there have been few papers that have explored the mechanism behind ECG's hypolipidemic characteristics from the perspective of treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

High-Performance Directional Water Transport Using a Two-Dimensional Periodic Janus Gradient Structure.

Numerous materials in micro- or nanoscale hierarchical structures with surface gradients serve as the enablers in directional liquid transportation. However, concurrent high-speed and long-range liquid transport is yet to be fully realized so far. Here, an overall-improved approach is achieved in both water transport distance and velocity aspects using a 2D periodic Janus gradient structure, which is inspired by the Janus-wettable desert beetle back, tapered asymmetric cacti spine, and periodic Nepenthes alata microcavity.

Poria cocos polysaccharides rescue pyroptosis-driven gut vascular barrier disruption in order to alleviates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCP) are abundant in Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (Poria). This is a common traditional Chinese medicine used to treat gastrointestinal and liver diseases.