Mobile App-Based Intervention and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Controlling modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is important but underused for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Mobile message-based intervention strategies could address this gap but lack evidence of benefit on multiple risk factors.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile message-based intervention in controlling cardiovascular risk factors in patients with T2D.

Taurine as a supplement for treating type II diabetes mellitus with metformin and DPP4 inhibitor.

Patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were grouped into subtypes by a symptom-based diagnostic system of the traditional Chinese medicine for detecting metabolomic information that would otherwise be lost due to the high degree of variations in clinical samples. LC/MS-based metabolomic tools were employed to identify distinct metabolomic features in T2DM patients in one of the subtypes in the symptom-based diagnostic system. Several of the affected metabolic pathways could be ameliorated by the combined treatment of metformin and DPP4 inhibitor, except the taurine/hypotaurine metabolic pathway.

Dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction for remission of type 2 diabetes: multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction on remission of type 2 diabetes.

Design: Multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Setting: 16 centres in mainland China from 12 June 2020 to 31 January 2023.

Depression, anxiety and self-esteem in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Studies have shown the adverse psychological impact of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the state of mental health in adolescents with PCOS remains unclear. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety, as well as potential effects on self-esteem and quality of life (QoL) in this specific population.

Methods: We systematically searched four electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Reviews database for articles published until 25/8/2024.

Circadian clock component PER2 negatively regulates CD4 T cell IFN-γ production in ulcerative colitis.

Period circadian clock 2 (PER2) is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, there are gaps in our understanding of the role of PER2 in regulating CD4 T cells beyond its time-keeping function in ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis. Our findings revealed PER2 was predominantly expressed in CD4 T cells, while it was significantly decreased in the inflamed mucosa and peripheral blood CD4 T cells of UC patients compared with that in Crohn's disease (CD) patients and healthy controls (HC).

Relation between blood pressure time in range and composite cardiovascular outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism: a retrospective case study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) time in range (TIR) and composite cardiovascular outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA).

Methods: Between January 2019 and December 2021, 47 patients with PA were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and cardiovascular outcomes were assessed in all patients during the first diagnosis of PA.

Dapagliflozin attenuates fat accumulation and insulin resistance in obese mice with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women, is associated with various metabolic consequences such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin sensitizers, such as metformin and pioglitazone, though effective, often leads to significant gastrointestinal adverse effects or weight gain, limiting its suitability for women with PCOS. There is an urgent need for safe, effective and affordable agents.

Factors associated with glycemic control in patients with T2DM: evidence from a cross-sectional study in China.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Baseline data, encompassing basic information, lifestyle habits, and treatment of 305 T2DM patients from March 2021 to January 2023, were collected and analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity: Results from NHANES 2015-2018.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the United States and its relative risk due to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Data in this cross-sectional study were extracted from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018. Weighted multistage stratified probability sampling design was considered to estimate the prevalence of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.

Structure-based design and synthesis of anti-fibrotic compounds derived from para-positioned 3,4,5-trisubstituted benzene.

Liver fibrosis is an abnormal wound-healing response to liver injuries. It can lead to liver cirrhosis, and even liver cancer and liver failure. There is a lack of treatment for liver fibrosis and it is of great importance to develop anti-fibrotic drugs.

Comparisons of clinical outcomes between newly diagnosed early- and late-onset T2DM: a real-world study from the Shanghai Hospital Link Database.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the differences in incident population, comorbidities, and glucose-lowering drug prescriptions between newly diagnosed patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those with late-onset T2DM to provide real-world evidence for clinical practice.

Methods: This study was based on the Shanghai Hospital Link Database (SHLD). Anonymized electronic medical record (EHR) data from 2013 to 2021 were included in this study.

Fat-free mass index is a feasible predictor of insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Evidence from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) and adipose tissue amplify the metabolic and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It has been widely discussed that body composition influences metabolic health. Still, limited studies were focused on the role of the fat-free mass index (FFMI) in assessing IR in PCOS women.

Associations of Oral Contraceptive Use With Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Death: Evidence From the UK Biobank Cohort Study.

Background The associations of oral contraceptive (OC) use with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause death remains unclear. We aimed to determine the associations of OC use with incident CVD and all-cause death. Methods and Results This cohort study included 161 017 women who had no CVD at baseline and reported their OC use.

Staying up late increases cardiovascular disease risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Study Question: What is the association between late bedtime, night sleep duration, and lifetime cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Summary Answer: Both late bedtime (≥1:00) and short sleep duration (<7 h/night) were independently associated with a high-lifetime CVD risk among women with PCOS.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies indicated that sleep disturbances, including altered sleep duration and staying up late (SUL), occurred more frequently among women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS. Studies have shown that both PCOS and sleep disturbances are associated with deterioration in cardiometabolic health in the longer term.

Intestinal Epithelial Cell-specific Deletion of Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing Protein Alleviates Experimental Colitis in Ageing Mice.

Background And Aims: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] in the elderly has increased in recent years. However, the mechanisms underlying the ageing-related IBD susceptibility remain elusive. Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein [CISH] is involved in regulating metabolism, the expansion of intestinal tuft cells and type-2 innate lymphoid cells, and ageing-related airway inflammation.

Time-restricted feeding improves metabolic and endocrine profiles in mice with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathy disorders in premenopausal women, which is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a new intermittent restriction dietary pattern, which has been shown to have positive benefits on obesity and glycolipid metabolism disorders. We aimed to explore the effect of the feeding regimen (ad libitum vs.

Nanoengineered Spintronic-Metasurface Terahertz Emitters Enable Beam Steering and Full Polarization Control.

The demand for emerging applications at the terahertz frequencies motivates the development of novel and multifunctional devices for the generation and manipulation of terahertz waves. In this work, we report the realization of multifunctional spintronic-metasurface emitters, which allow simultaneous beam-steering and full polarization control over a broadband terahertz beam. This is achieved through engineering individual meta-atoms with nanoscale magnetic heterostructures and, thus, implementing microscopical control over the laser-induced spin and charge dynamics.

Comparative Effectiveness of Team-Based Care With and Without a Clinical Decision Support System for Diabetes Management : A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension are common in persons with diabetes.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of team-based care with and without a clinical decision support system (CDSS) in controlling glycemia, lipids, and blood pressure (BP) among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Cluster randomized trial.

Sleep disturbances, sleep quality, and cardiovascular risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: (1) To establish the prevalence of sleep disorders in women with PCOS. (2) To establish the association between sleep disturbance and cardiovascular risk factors in women with PCOS.

Methods: The electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE were searched for observational studies of individuals with PCOS published in English from inception to 21 October 2021.

Case Report: Anti-TNF Treatment Failure in a Patient With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Severe Colitis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis is one of the known complications of therapies targeting cytotoxic programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). ICI-associated colitis is routinely treated with immunosuppressive therapy, including corticosteroids and/or agents targeting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In this report, a 69-year-old male patient developed severe ICI-induced colitis 2 weeks after anti-PD-L1 mAb (i.