Metagenomics reveals an increased proportion of an -dominated enterotype in elderly Chinese people.

Gut microbial communities are likely remodeled in tandem with accumulated physiological decline during aging, yet there is limited understanding of gut microbiome variation in advanced age. Here, we performed a metagenomics-based enterotype analysis in a geographically homogeneous cohort of 367 enrolled Chinese individuals between the ages of 60 and 94 years, with the goal of characterizing the gut microbiome of elderly individuals and identifying factors linked to enterotype variations. In addition to two adult-like enterotypes dominated by (ET-) and (ET-), we identified a novel enterotype dominated by (ET-), whose prevalence increased in advanced age.

Precise Control of Active Site Configurations in High-Entropy Intermetallic Compounds for Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs), composed of five or more elements in similar proportions, exhibit unique physicochemical properties, but their disordered atomic structures pose challenges in the precise control of active sites. In contrast, high-entropy intermetallic compounds (HEIs), with an ordered atomic arrangement and well-defined atomic positions, provide clear active site configurations, making them particularly advantageous for complex electrocatalytic reactions like the nitrate reduction reaction (NORR). Herein, we present the FeCoNiGeSb-HEI with precisely controlled elemental distributions, leading to the formation of distinct active sites.

Association between tooth loss and geriatric syndromes in older adults: a cohort study from a rural area in eastern China.

Background: Tooth loss was linked to health status, with substantial implications for malnutrition and chronic inflammation risks in older adults, especially among vulnerable groups. This study aimed to explore the associations between tooth loss severity, denture status, and geriatric syndromes.

Methods: In 2019, 1094 participants were recruited and subjected to face-to-face interview to assess tooth loss severity, along with grip strength and body composition.

Associations of Naples prognostic score with stroke in adults and all cause mortality among stroke patients.

This study seeks to assess the associations of Naples Prognostic Score with stroke in adults and all cause mortality among stroke patients. We analyzed data from 44,601 participants in the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) was derived from total cholesterol, serum albumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR).

Incorporating Ordered Indium Sites into Rhodium for Ultra-Low Potential Electrocatalytic Conversion of Ethylene Glycol to Glycolic Acid.

The upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived ethylene glycol (EG) to glycolic acid (GA, a biodegradable polymer monomer) via electrocatalysis not only produces valuable chemicals but also mitigates plastic pollution. However, the current reports for electrooxidation of EG-to-GA usually operate at reaction potentials of >1.0 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), much higher than the theoretical potential (0.

E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 promotes cardiomyocyte pyroptosis by mediating ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TRIB2 in a rat model of heart failure.

Objective: Heart failure (HF) causes structural and functional changes in the heart, with the pyroptosis-mediated inflammatory response as the core link in HF pathogenesis. E3 ubiquitin ligases participate in cardiovascular disease progression. Here, we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 in governing HF.

Transition Metal-Gallium Intermetallic Compounds with Tailored Active Site Configurations for Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis.

Gallium (Ga) with a low melting point can serve as a unique metallic solvent in the synthesis of intermetallic compounds (IMCs). The negative formation enthalpy of transition metal-Ga IMCs endows them with high catalytic stability. Meanwhile, their tunable crystal structures offer the possibility to tailor the configurations of active sites to meet the requirements for specific catalytic applications.

Screening of Intermetallic Compounds Based on Intermediate Adsorption Equilibrium for Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO) reduction reaction (NORR) holds great potential for the conversion of NO contaminants into valuable NH in a sustainable method. Unfortunately, the nonequilibrium adsorption of intermediates and sluggish multielectron transfer have detrimental impacts on the electrocatalytic performance of the NORR, posing obstacles to its practical application. Herein, we initially screen the adsorption energies of three key intermediates, i.

Group arts therapies for patients with schizophrenia: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Schizophrenia, a chronic mental problem, significantly impacts cognition, emotion and social functioning. Conventional pharmacotherapy faces challenges including numerous side effects, low adherence to medication and substantial costs. In this context, group arts therapies (GATs) emerge as a promising complementary approach for symptom alleviation in schizophrenia patients.

Heterophase Intermetallic Compounds for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production at Industrial-Scale Current Densities.

Heterophase nanomaterials have sparked significant research interest in catalysis due to their distinctive properties arising from synergistic effects of different components and the formed phase boundary. However, challenges persist in the controlled synthesis of heterophase intermetallic compounds (IMCs), primarily due to the lattice mismatch of distinct crystal phases and the difficulty in achieving precise control of the phase transitions. Herein, orthorhombic/cubic RuGe/RuGe IMCs with engineered boundary architecture are synthesized and anchored on the reduced graphene oxide.

Breaking Highly Ordered PtPbBi Intermetallic with Disordered Amorphous Phase for Boosting Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Alcohol Oxidation.

Constructing amorphous/intermetallic (A/IMC) heterophase structures by breaking the highly ordered IMC phase with disordered amorphous phase is an effective way to improve the electrocatalytic performance of noble metal-based IMC electrocatalysts because of the optimized electronic structure and abundant heterophase boundaries as active sites. In this study, we report the synthesis of ultrathin A/IMC PtPbBi nanosheets (NSs) for boosting hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and alcohol oxidation reactions. The resulting A/IMC PtPbBi NSs exhibit a remarkably low overpotential of only 25 mV at 10 mA cm for the HER in an acidic electrolyte, together with outstanding stability for 100 h.

Ultrasensitive detection of tyrosinase with click reaction-combined dark-field imaging platform.

Tyrosinase (TYR) is an essential oxidase that is responsible for the regulation of multiple physiological processes and diseases. Achieving the trace and reliable detection of TYR in complex biological samples is of great significance for the diagnosis of TYR-related diseases, but which faces a great challenge. In this study, we developed an ingenious and powerful method for the ultrasensitive detection of TYR by click reaction-combined dark-field microscopy.

2D MOF based-heterostructure with hierarchical architecture as antibacterial wound dressing.

Bacterial infections pose a huge threat to human health due to the inevitable emergency of drug resistance. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of metal ions and organic linkers, as emerging efficient antibacterial material, have the merits of structural flexibility and adjustable physicochemical property. With assistance of photosensitive agents as organic linkers, MOFs have great potential in antibacterial application through photocatalytic therapy by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Arts therapies for mental disorders in COVID-19 patients: a comprehensive review.

Background And Objective: The COVID-19 global pandemic has necessitated the urgency for innovative mental health interventions. We performed a comprehensive review of the available literature on the utility and efficacy of arts therapies in treating mental health problems, with special emphasis on their deployment during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to provide some evidence for the application of this therapy.

Methods: The potential studies were systematically sourced from five authoritative databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the CNKI database.

Pulsed electroreduction of low-concentration nitrate to ammonia.

Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO) reduction to ammonia (NRA) has emerged as an alternative strategy for effluent treatment and ammonia production. Despite significant advancements that have been achieved in this field, the efficient conversion of low-concentration nitrate to ammonia at low overpotential remains a formidable challenge. This challenge stems from the sluggish reaction kinetics caused by the limited distribution of negatively charged NO in the vicinity of the working electrode and the competing side reactions.

Dual-Modal Apoptosis Assay Enabling Dynamic Visualization of ATP and Reactive Oxygen Species in Living Cells.

ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered significant indicators of cell apoptosis. However, visualizing the interplay between apoptosis-related ATP and ROS is challenging. Herein, we developed a metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanoprobe for an apoptosis assay using duplex imaging of cellular ATP and ROS.

Progress on research and development in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a kind of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance. It has become one of the major diseases threatening human health. In this paper, we analyze the current R&D status of diabetes from the aspects of papers, patents, drugs and industrial development.

Prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in women than in men: a cross-sectional study from a rural area in eastern China.

Background: There were limited studies specifically evaluating whether the difference of the prevalence of sarcopenia exists in men and women in older adults from rural areas in China. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia between men and women in a rural area in eastern China and to explore the underlying causes.

Methods: This study included 1,105 participants aged 60-89 years.

In Situ Monitoring of Hydrogen Peroxide Released from Living Cells Using a ZIF-8-Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensor.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) widely involves in intracellular and intercellular redox signaling pathways, playing a vital role in regulating various physiological events. Nevertheless, current analytical methods for the HO assay are often hindered by relatively long response time, low sensitivity, or self-interference. Herein, a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor has been developed to detect HO released from living cells by depositing ZIF-8 over SERS active gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) grafted with HO-responsive probe molecules, 2-mercaptohydroquinone.

THBS2 is a biomarker for AJCC stages and a strong prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the expression of thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.

Methods: THBS2 expression was evaluated with tissue microarrays (TMAs) immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in 100 CRC samples.

Results: High THBS2 expression was found in 73 patients (45 male and 28 female).

Chinese herbal medicine for dyslipidemia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dyslipidemia is commonly characterized by the abnormal quantity and quality of lipids in plasma, which is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and also a major cause of morbidity and even leads to mortality. In China and East Asia, Chinese herbal medicine has been widely used to treat diverse diseases for thousands of years. As an important means of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, Chinese herbal medicine plays a more important role in the treatment of dyslipidemia.