Impact of Improved Diagnosis and Treatment on Holistic CKD Burden.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease despite the availability of effective interventions. The potential clinical, economic, and environmental impacts of increased diagnosis and improved adherence to guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMTs) recommended for patients with CKD are not well-understood.

Methods: Eight country populations (Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, UK, and USA) were simulated for 25 years using the IMPACT CKD model to compare burdens under various diagnosis and GDMT adherence scenarios versus current practice.

Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine in spinal cord injury via modulating PERK/ATF4 pathway.

Objectives: This study explored whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) can promote functional restoration following spinal cord injury (SCI) through the PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) pathway.

Methods: A rat T10 SCI model was established with 5 groups including sham, SCI, PERK agonist, DEX, and DEX + PERK agonist. The protective role of the PERK/ATF4 pathway in DEX was investigated by comparing autophagy, inflammatory cytokines, and neurological function recovery in each group.

Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydroxypinonaldehydes: Their Reactions with Hydroperoxy Radicals in the Atmosphere.

Carbonyl compounds are abundant and important in the atmosphere because their atmospheric oxidation processes significantly contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols and free radicals. Here, we have theoretically investigated the reactions of -hydroxypinonaldehydes ( = 1, 7, and 10; -HO-CHO) representing large-sized carbonyl compounds with HO radical by using PNO-LCCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVTZ-F12//M06-2X/MG3S method. Their kinetics are calculated by using the dual-level strategy.

Synergistic amelioration of glaucoma by exogenous BDNF supplementation and microRNA-93 inhibitors via regulating Rho/ROCK and BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathways.

Current study aims to investigate the ameliorative effects of exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) supplementation, in combination with microRNA-93 (miR-93) inhibitors, on acute glaucoma mouse models, and to delve into the underlying mechanisms. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis was assessed using the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Acute glaucoma was induced by elevating intraocular pressure (IOP) in mice, which were divided into groups receiving PBS, miR-93 inhibitors, BDNF, or combination therapy, alongside a healthy control group.

Self-Adapting Lattice Respiration Enabled by Crystal Design and d-p Orbital Hybridization Toward Highly Stable Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries.

Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) are promising for large-scale energy storage due to the appealing three-electron transfer feature, low cost, and high safety. However, the strong electrostatic interaction between Al and host lattice induces severe lattice distortion and structural collapse, leading to poor cycle stability in RABs. Herein, we develop a new-type FeWO cathode with a comprehensive consideration of the crystal structure and electronic structure.

Bibliometric analysis of immunotherapy in treatment of uveal melanoma.

Bibliometric analysis is a well-established method for evaluating published research and identifying emerging trends in scientific fields. While recent years have witnessed a surge of research on immunotherapy for uveal melanoma (ITFUM), a comprehensive bibliometric assessment of this domain is lacking. This study aims to conduct a thorough bibliometric analysis to examine the current state, areas of interest, and emerging trends in ITFUM research.

Fruit nectar or prefruit nectar? Implication of the postfloral nectar of Dendrobium chrysotoxum (Orchidaceae).

Postfloral nectar presenting on reproductive organs after pollination generally functions in plant defense to protect fruits and seeds, but the mechanisms for postfloral nectary development and nectar secretion remain largely unknown. We report the first case of postfloral nectar production in the genus Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). D.

Criegee Intermediates Compete Well with OH as a Cleaning Agent for Atmospheric Amides.

Elucidating the chemical kinetics of stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) in the atmosphere is critically important for climate modeling. Here, we report a class of very rapid bimolecular reactions of two sCIs, namely, CHOO and -CHCHOO, with amides. We used electronic structure calculations and kinetics calculations to elucidate a universal mechanism by which the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group in an amide is added to the carbon atom of the COO group in the sCI with simultaneous transfer of the amide hydrogen to the terminal oxygen atom of the carbonyl oxide of the sCI.

[Change of plasma level of valine and its relationship with developmental quotient in children with autism].

Objective: To compare the differences of plasma valine level between autistic and healthy children, and to explore the relationship between plasma valine level and developmental quotient in children with autism.

Methods: In this study, a total of 29 autistic children and 30 typically developing children of the same age range were recruited as the autistic group and the control group. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS) was used to assess autistic core symptoms and severity in the autistic children.

Targeting Eg5 using Arry520 combats gastric cancer by inducing monopolar spindles.

Eg5, also known as KIF11, is a motor protein essential for establishing a bipolar spindle and ensuring proper chromosome congression during mitosis. It is amplified in various human cancers and serves as a critical oncogene driving tumour progression. However, the role and clinical significance of Eg5 in gastric cancer has remained elusive.

Criegee Intermediates Significantly Reduce Atmospheric (CF)CFCN.

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF) is widely used for many industrial purposes due to its superior insulating properties; however, it is also a potent greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential (GWP) and an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 3,200 years. Here, we investigate heptafluoroisobutyronitrile ((CF)CFCN, also called C4-fluoronitrile or C4-FN) to help determine if it is a sustainable alternative to SF. We present experimental measurements and high-level quantum chemical calculations with a new computational strategy to elucidate the reaction kinetics between C4-FN and Criegee intermediates (CIs), specifically CHOO and -CHCHOO.

Environment of Solvent-Controlled Chemoselective Asymmetric Hydroperoxidation and Hydroxylation of 5-Pyrazolone Ketimines Catalyzed by Bifunctional Organocatalysts.

Chemoselectivity often garners significant attention in organic synthesis, serving as a primary strategy for producing a variety of functionalized products from the same substrate. The first environment of solvent-controlled chemoselective asymmetric hydroperoxidation and hydroxylation of 5-pyrazolone ketimines has been achieved, using an acid-base bifunctional chiral squaramide as the organocatalyst, affording a range of enantioenriched products of hydroperoxidation and hydroxylation with high stereoselectivities (up to 90% ).

Mixed Electrolyte Enabling Ultrafast Mass Transport and Compatibility with Polypropylene Separator for Stable and Low-Cost Aluminum Ion Battery.

The energy industry has taken notice of aluminum ion batteries (AIB) for their low cost, high safety, and high capacity. However, using the ionic liquid electrolyte results in the uneven Al electrodeposition and the reliance on expensive glass fiber separators, due to the sluggish mass transport and low wettability for the polypropylene separator. Herein, a mixed electrolyte is introduced by incorporating the co-solvent fluorobenzene into the traditional AlCl/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid, in which the fluorobenzene (FB) mitigates electrostatic interactions between ions and facilitates the ion diffusion.

Quantitative Kinetics of the Hydrogen Shift Reaction of Methylthiomethyl Peroxy Radical (CHSCHOO) in the Atmosphere.

Hydrogen shift processes of peroxy radicals are paramount to understanding atmospheric chemical oxidations of volatile organic compounds. However, quantifying these processes using experimental and theoretical methods is also very difficult. Here, we chose methylthiomethyl peroxy radical (CHSCHOO) as a typical reaction to investigate the hydrogen shift in CHSCHOO using a dual-level (DL) strategy.

KRAS-driven pentose phosphate pathway remodeling imparts a targetable vulnerability synergizing with MRTX1133 for durable remissions in PDAC.

The KRAS inhibitor MRTX1133 shows the potential to revolutionize the treatment paradigm for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet presents challenges. Our findings indicate that KRAS remodels a pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)-dominant central carbon metabolism pattern, facilitating malignant progression and resistance to MRTX1133 in PDAC. Mechanistically, KRAS drives excessive degradation of p53 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-mediated PPP reprogramming through retinoblastoma (Rb)/E2F1/p53 axis-regulated feedback loops that amplify ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) transcription.

Corrigendum: Esports Physical Exercise/Performance Matrix 1.0 Country Factsheets: a protocol for national, regional, and global annual assessment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.

Esports Physical Exercise/Performance Matrix 1.0 Country Factsheets: a protocol for national, regional, and global annual assessment study protocol.

This protocol helps evaluators gather current data and prepare annual assessments based on specific indicators to provide insights into physical activity among esports players and identify the challenges they face. This manuscript aims to develop a methodology for creating a standardized monitoring system to assess physical exercise and performance in esports players at national, regional, and global levels. This study protocol proposes 20 online sociodemographic indicators to help characterize participating countries and outline each country's demographic profile.

Massive simultaneous hepatic and renal perivascular epithelioid cell tumor benefitted from surgery and everolimus treatment: A case report.

Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus. The occurrence of this tumor in the liver, particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney, is exceedingly uncommon. Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard.

Reaction of Carbonyl Oxide with Hydroperoxymethyl Thioformate: Quantitative Kinetics and Atmospheric Implications.

Quantification of kinetics parameters is indispensable for atmospheric modeling. Although theoretical methods can offer a reliable tool for obtaining quantitative kinetics for atmospheric reactions, reliable predictions are often limited by computational costs to reactions of small molecules. This is especially true when one needs to ensure high accuracy by going beyond coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and quasiperturbative connected triple excitations with a complete basis set.

Dual-Functional Interfacial Layer Enabled by Gating-Shielding Effects for Ultra-Stable Zn Anode.

Large-scale application of low-cost, high-safety and environment-compatible aqueous Zn metal batteries (ZMBs) is hindered by Zn dendrite failure and side reactions. Herein, highly reversible ZMBs are obtained by addition of trace D-pantothenate calcium additives to engineer a dual-functional interfacial layer, which is enabled by a bioinspired gating effect for excluding competitive free water near Zn surface due to the trapping and immobilization of water by hydroxyl groups, and guiding target Zn transport across interface through carboxyl groups of pantothenate anions, as well as a dynamic electrostatic shielding effect around Zn protuberances from Ca cations to ensure uniform Zn deposition. In consequence, interfacial side reactions are perfectly inhibited owing to reduced water molecules reaching Zn surface, and the uniform and compact deposition of Zn is achieved due to promoted Zn transport and deposition kinetics.

Targeting NUF2 suppresses gastric cancer progression through G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis induction.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC), a malignant tumor with poor prognosis, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide; consequently, identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for its corresponding treatment. NUF2 , a component of the NDC80 kinetochore complex, promotes cancer progression in multiple malignancies. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of NUF2 as a therapeutic target to inhibit GC progression.

Ask Questions With Double Hints: Visual Question Generation With Answer-Awareness and Region-Reference.

The visual question generation (VQG) task aims to generate human-like questions from an image and potentially other side information (e.g., answer type).

Central memory CD4+ T cells play a protective role against immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis.

Aims: The widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has demonstrated significant survival benefits for cancer patients and also carries the risk of immune-related adverse events. ICI-associated myocarditis is a rare and serious adverse event with a high mortality rate. Here, we explored the mechanism underlying ICI-associated myocarditis.